(84 days)
The SMR Shoulder System is intended for partial or total, primary or revision shoulder joint replacement.
The SMR Anatomic Shoulder System is indicated for partial or total, primary or revision shoulder joint replacement in patients suffering from disability due to:
- non-inflammatory degenerative joint disease including osteoarthritis and avascular necrosis;
- inflammatory degenerative joint disease such as rheumatoid arthritis;
- treatment of acute fractures of the humeral head that cannot be treated with other fracture fixation methods;
- revision of a failed primary implant;
- cuff tear arthropathy (CTA Heads only);
- glenoid arthrosis without excessive glenoid bone loss: A1, A2 and B1 according to Walch classification (SMR Hybrid Glenoid only).
The SMR Reverse Shoulder System is indicated for primary, fracture or revision total shoulder replacement in a grossly rotator cuff deficient joint with severe arthropathy (disabled shoulder). The patient's joint must be anatomically and structurally suited to receive the selected implants and a functional deltoid muscle is necessary to use the device. The Hybrid Glenoid Reverse Baseplate must not be used in cases of excessive glenoid bone loss and/or when bone graft is needed.
The Modular SMR Shoulder System allows the assembly of components in various humeral and glenoid constructs. The constructs are intended for cemented and uncemented use as specified in the following table.
The SMR Connectors are used to couple the glenosphere to the metal-backed glenoid. Connectors are made from Ti6Al4V alloy (ASTM F1472 - ISO 5832-3) and are characterized by a double male taper. To increase the solidity of the system, a screw is used to link the glenosphere to the glenoid component. No.5 additional sizes (Lateralized connectors) are available in both Small-STD and Small-R configuration to allow lateralization of Center of Rotation.
The provided document is a 510(k) premarket notification for a medical device called "SMR Lateralized Connectors with screws". This type of submission focuses on demonstrating substantial equivalence to a predicate device already on the market, rather than proving efficacy or safety through extensive clinical trials. Therefore, much of the information requested about acceptance criteria and detailed study designs (especially relating to AI or expert adjudication) is not applicable or present in this document.
However, I can extract the relevant information regarding the non-clinical testing performed to establish substantial equivalence.
Here's a breakdown of the available information:
1. A table of acceptance criteria and the reported device performance
The document does not provide a specific table of numerical acceptance criteria or reported device performance in the format typically seen for novel device performance claims. Instead, it states that mechanical tests "demonstrated device performances fulfill the intended use and are substantially equivalent to the predicate devices." This implies that the performance met predefined internal criteria for equivalence, but these criteria are not explicitly detailed.
2. Sample sized used for the test set and the data provenance
The document mentions "Mechanical testing was performed on worst case components or constructs." It does not specify the exact sample size for these mechanical tests. The data provenance is internal to Limacorporate S.p.A. and the tests are non-clinical (experimental/lab-based), not derived from patient data.
3. Number of experts used to establish the ground truth for the test set and the qualifications of those experts
This is not applicable as the study described is non-clinical mechanical testing, not a study involving human interpretation or ground truth establishment by experts for diagnostic or prognostic purposes.
4. Adjudication method for the test set
This is not applicable for the same reason as point 3.
5. If a multi reader multi case (MRMC) comparative effectiveness study was done, If so, what was the effect size of how much human readers improve with AI vs without AI assistance
No, an MRMC study was not done. The device is a mechanical implant, not an AI-powered diagnostic or assistive tool for human readers.
6. If a standalone (i.e. algorithm only without human-in-the-loop performance) was done
No, a standalone AI algorithm performance study was not done. The device is a mechanical implant.
7. The type of ground truth used
For the non-clinical mechanical testing, the "ground truth" would be the engineering specifications and performance benchmarks derived from the predicate devices and relevant ASTM/ISO standards (e.g., ASTM F2028-18). The device's performance was compared against these established standards and predicate device characteristics to demonstrate substantial equivalence.
8. The sample size for the training set
This is not applicable as there is no AI algorithm being trained.
9. How the ground truth for the training set was established
This is not applicable as there is no AI algorithm being trained.
Summary of Relevant Information from the Document:
While the document doesn't fit the typical structure for AI/diagnostic device evaluation, it does provide clear information about the type of acceptance criteria and study performed for this medical device:
- Acceptance Criteria (Implied): Substantial equivalence to predicate devices, fulfilling intended use, and meeting relevant mechanical testing standards (e.g., ASTM F2028-18 for dynamic evaluation of glenoid loosening and dissociation, and standards for fatigue-fretting behavior and endurance stability of taper connections).
- Study Type: Non-clinical mechanical testing.
- Specific Tests Mentioned:
- Dynamic evaluation of glenoid loosening and dissociation per ASTM F2028-18.
- Fatigue-fretting behavior.
- Endurance stability of the taper connection, followed by evaluation for corrosion.
- Sample Size for Testing: "worst case components or constructs" (specific number not provided).
- Data Provenance: Laboratory testing (non-clinical).
- Ground Truth for Testing: Engineering specifications, performance benchmarks of predicate devices, and relevant international standards (ASTM, ISO).
- Clinical Testing: "Clinical testing was not necessary to demonstrate substantial equivalence of the new sizes of SMR Connectors to the predicate devices."
The document primarily focuses on demonstrating that the new SMR Lateralized Connectors with screws are safe and effective because their design, materials, and mechanical performance are equivalent to predicate devices already cleared for market, negating the need for novel clinical data.
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Image /page/0/Picture/0 description: The image contains the logo of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). On the left is the Department of Health & Human Services logo. To the right of that is the FDA logo, which consists of the letters "FDA" in a blue square, followed by the words "U.S. FOOD & DRUG" in a larger, bold blue font, and the word "ADMINISTRATION" in a smaller, regular blue font.
January 25, 2019
Limacorporate S.p.A. % Stephen Peoples President Peoples & Associates Consulting LLC 5010 Lodge Pole Lane Fort Wayne, Indiana 46814
Re: K183042
Trade/Device Name: SMR Lateralized Connectors with screws Regulation Number: 21 CFR 888.3660 Regulation Name: Shoulder Joint Metal/Polymer Semi-Constrained Cemented Prosthesis Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: KWS.KWT. MBF. PHX Dated: October 22, 2018 Received: November 2, 2018
Dear Stephen Peoples:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food. Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. Although this letter refers to your product as a device, please be aware that some cleared products may instead be combination products. The 510(k) Premarket Notification Database located at https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfpmn/pmn.cfm identifies combination product submissions. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
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Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803) for devices or postmarketing safety reporting (21 CFR 4, Subpart B) for combination products (see https://www.fda.gov/CombinationProducts/GuidanceRegulatoryInformation/ucm597488.html; good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (OS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820) for devices or current good manufacturing practices (21 CFR 4, Subpart A) for combination products; and, if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm.
For comprehensive regulatory information about medical devices and radiation-emitting products, including information about labeling regulations, please see Device Advice (https://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/DeviceRegulationandGuidance/) and CDRH Learn (http://www.fda.gov/Training/CDRHLearn). Additionally, you may contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education (DICE) to ask a question about a specific regulatory topic. See the DICE website (http://www.fda.gov/DICE) for more information or contact DICE by email (DICE@fda.hhs.gov) or phone (1-800-638-2041 or 301-796-7100).
Sincerely,
Vesa Vuniqi - S Digitally signed by V
For:Mark N. Melkerson Director Division of Orthopedic Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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Indications for Use
510(k) Number (if known) K183042
Device Name
SMR Lateralized connectors with screws
Indications for Use (Describe)
The SMR Shoulder System is intended for partial or total, primary or revision shoulder joint replacement.
The SMR Anatomic Shoulder System is indicated for partial or total, primary or revision shoulder joint replace ment in patients suffering from disability due to:
- · non-inflammatory degenerative joint disease including osteoarthritis and avascular necrosis;
- · inflammatory degenerative joint disease such as rheumatoid arthritis;
- " treatment of acute fractures of the humeral head that cannot be treated with other fracture fixation methods;
- · revision of a failed primary implant;
- · cuff tear arthropathy (CTA Heads only);
· glenoid arthrosis without excessive glenoid bone loss: A1, A2 and B1 according to Walch classification (SMR Hybrid Glenoid only).
The SMR Reverse Shoulder System is indicated for primary, fracture or revision total shoulder replacement in a grossly rotator cuff deficient ioint with severe arthropathy (disabled shoulder). The patient's joint must be anatomically and structurally suited to receive the selected implants and a functional deltoid muscle is neces-sary to use the device. The Hybrid Glenoid Reverse Baseplate must not be used in cases of excessive glenoid bone loss and/or when bone graft is needed.
The Modular SMR Shoulder System allows the assembly of components in various humeral and glenoid constructs. The constructs are intended for cemented and uncemented use as specified in the following table.
In the Anatomic shoulder the humeral consists of the humeral body, the adaptor taper and the humeral head. In the Reverse shoulder the humeral consists of the humeral stem, the reverse humeral body and the reverse liner. On the humeral side the fixation of the humeral stem determines if the construct is cemented or uncemented.
The Anatomic glenoid consists of an all polyethylene glenoid, a polyethylene glenoid with metal peg or a metal back assembled with a liner; the Reverse glenoid consists of a metal back/connector/glenosphere construct of a peg/ baseplate/glenosphere construct.
On the glenoid side, the fixation of the all polyethylene glenoid with metal peg or the metal back determines if the construct is cemented or uncemented.
| System | Components | Material | Use | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | R | Cem | NotCem | ||
| • | • | SMR Stems (Cemented, Cemented Revision) | Ti6Al4V | X | |
| • | • | SMR Stems (Cementless Finned, Cementless Revision) | Ti6Al4V | X | |
| • | • | SMR Humeral Bodies (Trauma, Finned) | Ti6Al4V | X | X |
| • | • | SMR Reverse Humeral Body | Ti6Al4V | X | X |
| • | • | Humeral Extension | Ti6Al4V | X | X |
| • | SMR Humeral Heads (Standard*, CTA) | CoCrMo | X | X | |
| • | SMR Adaptor Tapers (Neutral, Eccentric) | Ti6Al4V | X | X | |
| • | SMR CTA Head Adaptor for Reverse Humeral Body | Ti6Al4V | X | X |
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| • | SMR Glenospheres | CoCrMo | X | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| • | SMR Connectors* | Ti6Al4V | X | ||
| • | Reverse Liners | UHMWPE | X | ||
| • | SMR Cemented Glenoids | UHMWPE | X | ||
| • | SMR 3 Pegs Cemented Glenoids | UHMWPE | X | ||
| • | * | SMR Hybrid Glenoid | UHMWPE+Ti6Al4V+Ta | X | |
| • | SMR Hybrid Glenoid Reverse Baseplate + Screw | Ti6Al4V | X | ||
| • | SMR Metal Back Glenoids | Ti6Al4V+PoroTi | X* | X | |
| • | SMR TT Metal Back Baseplate | Ti6Al4V | X* | X | |
| • | SMR TT Metal Back Peg | Ti6Al4V | X | X | |
| • | SMR Metal Back Liner | UHMWPE | X* | X | |
| • | * | SMR Bone screws | Ti6Al4V | X |
A= Anatomic / R=Reverse
*NOTE:
· In the US, the SMR Metal Backed Glenoid/Liner construct, used as part of the SMR Anatomic Shoulder Replacement, is intended for use with bone cement and should be used without bone screws.
· The SMR Metal Backed Glenoid/Connector/Glenosphere construct, used as part of the SMR Reverse Shoulder replacement, is intended for uncemented use with the addition of screws for fixation.
· SMR lateralized connectors are not indicated for use with glenoid bone grafting techniques.
· In the US the SMR TT Metal Back Baseplate used as part of the SMR Anatomic Shoulder Replacement, is intended for use with bone cement and should be used without bone screws; while when used as part of the SMR Reverse Shoulder replacement, is intended for uncemented use with the addition of screws for fixation.
· If a SMR Hybrid Glenoid is in place and revision to a reverse prosthesis is required, the patient can be revised by removing the polyethylene baseplate, leaving the metal peg in place and by connecting it to the SMR Hybrid Glenoid Reverse Baseplate. The SMR Hybrid Glenoid Reverse Baseplate is intended for uncemented use with the addition of screws for fixation.
· The Dia. 50, 52 and 54 mm Humeral Heads with + 3mm increased height cannot be coupled to the Long Adaptor Tapers (both concentric and eccentric).
· The Dia. 52 and 54 mm Humeral Heads with + 2mm increased height cannot be coupled to the Long Adaptor Tapers (both concentric and eccentric).
Type of Use (Select one or both, as applicable)
X Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D)
__ Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
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K183042
Summary of Safety and Effectiveness
Date: January 18, 2018
Manufacturer: Limacorporate S.p.A. Via Nazionale, 52 33038 - Villanova di San Daniele Udine - Italy
U.S. Contact Person: Dr. Stephen J. Peoples Principal Consultant SPeoplesVMD@gmail.com PEOPLES & ASSOCIATES CONSULTING, ITC 411 Auditorium Blvd. Winona Lake, IN 46590 Phone: 260-645-0327 FAX: +39 0432945512
| Product | Product Code | Regulation and Classification Name |
|---|---|---|
| SMR Lateralizedconnectors with screws(included in SMRReverse ShoulderSystem) | KWS | Prosthesis, Shoulder, Semi-Constrained,Metal/Polymer Cemented per 21 CFR888.3660 |
| KWT | Prosthesis, Shoulder, Non-Constrained,Metal/Polymer Cemented per 21 CFR888.3650 | |
| MBF | Prosthesis, Shoulder, Semi-Constrained,Metal/Polymer, Uncemented per 21 CFR888.3670 | |
| PHX | Shoulder Prosthesis, Reverse Configurationper 21 CFR 888.3660 |
Description:
The SMR Connectors are used to couple the glenosphere to the metal-backed glenoid. Connectors are made from Ti6Al4V alloy (ASTM F1472 - ISO 5832-3) and are characterized by a double male taper. To increase the solidity of the system, a screw is used to link the glenosphere to the glenoid component. No.5 additional sizes (Lateralized connectors) are available in both Small-STD and Small-R configuration to allow lateralization of Center of Rotation.
Intended Use:
The SMR Shoulder System is intended for partial or total, primary or revision shoulder joint replacement.
The SMR Anatomic Shoulder System is indicated for partial or total, primary or revision shoulder joint replacement in patients suffering from disability due to:
- non-inflammatory degenerative joint disease including osteoarthritis and avascular . necrosis:
- inflammatory degenerative joint disease such as rheumatoid arthritis;
- . treatment of acute fractures of the humeral head that cannot be treated with other fracture fixation methods:
- . revision of a failed primary implant;
Traditional 510(k) – SMR Lateralized Connectors with screws January 18, 2018
Company Confidential Page 1 of 4
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K183042
- o cuff tear arthropathy (CTA Heads only);
- . glenoid arthrosis without excessive glenoid bone loss: A1, A2 and B1 according to Walch classification (SMR Hybrid Glenoid only).
The SMR Reverse Shoulder System is indicated for primary, fracture or revision total shoulder replacement in a grossly rotator cuff deficient joint with severe arthropathy (disabled shoulder). The patient's joint must be anatomically and structurally suited to receive the selected implants and a functional deltoid muscle is necessary to use the device.
The Hybrid Glenoid Reverse Baseplate must not be used in cases of excessive glenoid bone loss and/or when bone graft is needed.
The Modular SMR Shoulder System allows the assembly of components in various humeral and glenoid constructs. The constructs are intended for cemented and uncemented use as specified in the following table.
In the Anatomic shoulder the humeral construct consists of the humeral body, the adaptor taper and the humeral head. In the Reverse shoulder the humeral construct consists of the humeral stem, the reverse humeral body and the reverse liner. On the humeral side the fixation of the humeral stem determines if the construct is cemented or uncemented.
The Anatomic glenoid construct consists of an all polyethylene glenoid, a polyethylene glenoid with metal peg or a metal back assembled with a liner; the Reverse glenoid consists of a back/connector/glenosphere a peg/baseplate/glenosphere construct.
On the glenoid side, the fixation of the all polyethylene glenoid, the polyethylene glenoid with metal peg or the metal back determines if the construct is cemented or uncemented.
| System | Components | Material | Use | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | R | Cem | NotCem | ||
| • | • | SMR Stems (Cemented, Cemented Revision) | Ti6Al4V | X | |
| • | • | SMR Stems (Cementless Finned, Cementless Revision) | Ti6Al4V | X | |
| • | • | SMR Humeral Bodies (Trauma, Finned) | Ti6Al4V | X | X |
| • | • | SMR Reverse Humeral Body | Ti6Al4V | X | X |
| • | • | Humeral Extension | Ti6Al4V | X | X |
| • | • | SMR Humeral Heads (Standard*, CTA) | CoCrMo | X | X |
| • | • | SMR Adaptor Tapers (Neutral, Eccentric) | Ti6Al4V | X | X |
| • | • | SMR CTA Head Adaptor for Reverse Humeral Body | Ti6Al4V | X | X |
| • | • | SMR Glenospheres | CoCrMo | X | |
| • | • | SMR Connectors* | Ti6Al4V | X | |
| • | • | Reverse Liners | UHMWPE | X | X |
| • | SMR Cemented Glenoids | UHMWPE | X | ||
| • | SMR 3 Pegs Cemented Glenoids | UHMWPE | X | ||
| • | • * | SMR Hybrid Glenoid | UHMWPE+Ti6Al4V+Ta | X | X |
Traditional 510(k) - SMR Lateralized Connectors with screws January 18, 2018
Company Confidential Page 2 of 4
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| System | Use | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | R | Components | Material | Cem | NotCem |
| ● | SMR Hybrid Glenoid Reverse Baseplate + Screw | Ti6Al4V | X | ||
| ● | ● | SMR Metal Back Glenoids | Ti6Al4V+PoroTi | X* | X* |
| ● | ● | SMR TT Metal Back Baseplate | Ti6Al4V | X* | X* |
| ● | ● | SMR TT Metal Back Peg | Ti6Al4V | X | X |
| ● | ● | SMR Metal Back Liner | UHMWPE | X* | X* |
| ● * | ● | SMR Bone screws | Ti6Al4V | X | |
| Material Standards | |||||
| Ti6Al4V (ISO 5832-3 - ASTM F1472) - CoCrMo (ISO 5832-12 - ASTM F1537) – UHMWPE (ISO 5834-2 - | |||||
| ASTM F648) - PoroTi Titanium Coating (ASTM F1580) - Ta (ISO13782 - ASTM F560) |
A= Anatomic / R=Reverse
*NOTES:
- In the US, the SMR Metal Backed Glenoid/Liner construct, used as part of the SMR . Anatomic Shoulder Replacement, is intended for use with bone cement and should be used without bone screws.
- . The SMR Metal Backed Glenoid/Connector/Glenosphere construct, used as part of the SMR Reverse Shoulder replacement, is intended for uncemented use with the addition of screws for fixation.
- . SMR lateralized connectors are not indicated for use with glenoid bone grafting techniques.
- . In the US the SMR TT Metal Back Baseplate used as part of the SMR Anatomic Shoulder Replacement, is intended for use with bone cement and should be used without bone screws; while when used as part of the SMR Reverse Shoulder replacement, is intended for uncemented use with the addition of screws for fixation.
- . If a SMR Hybrid Glenoid is in place and revision to a reverse prosthesis is required, the patient can be revised by removing the polyethylene baseplate, leaving the metal peg in place and by connecting it to the SMR Hybrid Glenoid Reverse Baseplate. The SMR Hybrid Glenoid Reverse Baseplate is intended for uncemented use with the addition of screws for fixation.
- . The Dia. 50, 52 and 54 mm Humeral Heads with + 3mm increased height cannot be coupled to the Long Adaptor Tapers (both concentric and eccentric). The Dia. 52 and 54 mm Humeral Heads with + 2mm increased height cannot be coupled to the Long Adaptor Tapers (both concentric and eccentric).
| Company | Device name | Cleared via |
|---|---|---|
| Limacorporate | SMR Reverse Shoulder System | K100858, K101263,K110598, K111212,K113254, K133349,K142139, K163397,K172456 |
| DJO Surgical (legallyEncore Medical, L.P.) | RSP Reverse Shoulder Prosthesis | K092873, K112069,K041066, K051075,K141006 |
| Tornier | Aequalis PerFORM Reversed &Aequalis PerFORM+ Reversed Glenoid | K161742 |
Predicate Devices:
Traditional 510(k) - SMR Lateralized Connectors with screws January 18, 2018
Company Confidential Page 3 of 4
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K183042
Summary of technology comparison:
The intended use, design (fixation, taper couplings, offset) and materials of the SMR Lateralized Connectors with screws are substantially equivalent to the ones of the predicate devices. Design Control Activities have been successfully completed.
Non-clinical testing
Mechanical tests (Dynamic evaluation of glenoid loosening and dissociation per ASTM F2028-18, Fatigue-fretting behaviour and endurance stability of the taper connection followed by evaluation for corrosion) demonstrated device performances fulfill the intended use and are substantially equivalent to the predicate devices. Mechanical testing was performed on worst case components or constructs.
Clinical testing
Clinical testing was not necessary to demonstrate substantial equivalence of the new sizes of SMR Connectors to the predicate devices.
§ 888.3660 Shoulder joint metal/polymer semi-constrained cemented prosthesis.
(a)
Identification. A shoulder joint metal/polymer semi-constrained cemented prosthesis is a device intended to be implanted to replace a shoulder joint. The device limits translation and rotation in one or more planes via the geometry of its articulating surfaces. It has no linkage across-the-joint. This generic type of device includes prostheses that have a humeral resurfacing component made of alloys, such as cobalt-chromium-molybdenum, and a glenoid resurfacing component made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, and is limited to those prostheses intended for use with bone cement (§ 888.3027).(b)
Classification. Class II. The special controls for this device are:(1) FDA's:
(i) “Use of International Standard ISO 10993 ‘Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices—Part I: Evaluation and Testing,’ ”
(ii) “510(k) Sterility Review Guidance of 2/12/90 (K90-1),”
(iii) “Guidance Document for Testing Orthopedic Implants with Modified Metallic Surfaces Apposing Bone or Bone Cement,”
(iv) “Guidance Document for the Preparation of Premarket Notification (510(k)) Application for Orthopedic Devices,” and
(v) “Guidance Document for Testing Non-articulating, ‘Mechanically Locked’ Modular Implant Components,”
(2) International Organization for Standardization's (ISO):
(i) ISO 5832-3:1996 “Implants for Surgery—Metallic Materials—Part 3: Wrought Titanium 6-aluminum 4-vandium Alloy,”
(ii) ISO 5832-4:1996 “Implants for Surgery—Metallic Materials—Part 4: Cobalt-chromium-molybdenum casting alloy,”
(iii) ISO 5832-12:1996 “Implants for Surgery—Metallic Materials—Part 12: Wrought Cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy,”
(iv) ISO 5833:1992 “Implants for Surgery—Acrylic Resin Cements,”
(v) ISO 5834-2:1998 “Implants for Surgery—Ultra-high Molecular Weight Polyethylene—Part 2: Moulded Forms,”
(vi) ISO 6018:1987 “Orthopaedic Implants—General Requirements for Marking, Packaging, and Labeling,” and
(vii) ISO 9001:1994 “Quality Systems—Model for Quality Assurance in Design/Development, Production, Installation, and Servicing,” and
(3) American Society for Testing and Materials':
(i) F 75-92 “Specification for Cast Cobalt-28 Chromium-6 Molybdenum Alloy for Surgical Implant Material,”
(ii) F 648-98 “Specification for Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Powder and Fabricated Form for Surgical Implants,”
(iii) F 799-96 “Specification for Cobalt-28 Chromium-6 Molybdenum Alloy Forgings for Surgical Implants,”
(iv) F 1044-95 “Test Method for Shear Testing of Porous Metal Coatings,”
(v) F 1108-97 “Specification for Titanium-6 Aluminum-4 Vanadium Alloy Castings for Surgical Implants,”
(vi) F 1147-95 “Test Method for Tension Testing of Porous Metal,”
(vii) F 1378-97 “Standard Specification for Shoulder Prosthesis,” and
(viii) F 1537-94 “Specification for Wrought Cobalt-28 Chromium-6 Molybdenum Alloy for Surgical Implants.”