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The Disposable and Reusable SPO2 Sensors are indicated for continuous non-invasive monitoring of functional oxygen saturation of arterial hemoglobin (SpO2) and pulse rate (PR) for adult patients weighing greater than 40 kg at hospital facilities.

The proposed device, Disposable and Reusable SpO2 Sensors are accessories to the oximeters, which are intended for spot checking or continuous monitoring of functional arterial oxygen saturation and pulse rate in non-invasive with U.S. legally marketed oximeters or patient monitors. The SSD-001-W09AN sensors is disposable while the SS-010-AF10 and SS-018-AF10 sensors are reusable. They are only intended for adult.

The sensor shall be connected with its corresponding monitor. Oxygenation of blood is measured by detecting the infrared and red light absorption characteristics of deoxygenated hemoglobin and oxygenated hemoglobin, which consists of a probe attached to the patient's finger. The sensor is connected to a data acquisition system which is used to calculate and display oxygen saturation levels and heart rate conditions.

Each sensor has two LEDs, emitting both red and infrared light, and a photodiode. Red and infrared light lit alternately according to certain sequence, when the fingertips of capillary repeatedly with the heart pumps blood congestion, light emitting diode after blood vessels and projected onto a photodiode, photodiode can be induced to change with pulse light intensity, the electrical signals in the form of change. Then the received signal is forwarded to the corresponding oximeter that amplifies the signal and an algorithm that calculates the ratio. By measuring the wave crest of the pulse wave and the absorbance of the trough, SpO2 is calculated to obtain the correct oxygen saturation value. The saturation value is determined by the percentage ratio of the oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) to the total amount of hemoglobin (Hb).

Here's an analysis of the provided information regarding the acceptance criteria and study for the Disposable SpO2 Sensors and Reusable SpO2 Sensors:

1. Table of Acceptance Criteria and Reported Device Performance

The document explicitly states the acceptance criteria for SpO2 and Pulse Rate (PR) accuracy, and it reports that the device meets these requirements.

2. Sample Size Used for the Test Set and Data Provenance

• Sample Size: 12 human adult volunteers were used for each clinical study (there were two studies). This means a total of 24 human adult volunteers were used for the two studies combined.
• Data Provenance: The studies were described as "Clinical hypoxia test results obtained in human adult volunteers." The document doesn't specify the country of origin, but it implies a prospective clinical study using induced hypoxia.

3. Number of Experts Used to Establish the Ground Truth for the Test Set and Qualifications of Those Experts

The document does not specify the number of experts or their qualifications for establishing the ground truth. It only states that the ground truth for arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) was "determined by co-oximetry."

4. Adjudication Method for the Test Set

The document does not provide details on any adjudication method used for the test set.

5. If a Multi-Reader Multi-Case (MRMC) Comparative Effectiveness Study Was Done

No, a multi-reader multi-case (MRMC) comparative effectiveness study was not done. This device is a sensor, and the clinical study focuses on its accuracy against a gold standard (co-oximetry) rather than a comparison of human reader performance with and without AI assistance.

6. If a Standalone (i.e., algorithm only without human-in-the-loop performance) Was Done

Yes, the accuracy tests described are effectively a standalone performance evaluation of the device. The device itself (sensor and its internal algorithms for calculating SpO2 and PR) is directly compared against the ground truth (co-oximetry) measurements. There's no human 'reading' or interpretation of the sensor's output being evaluated in this context, other than potentially reading the numerical display that the device provides.

7. The Type of Ground Truth Used

The ground truth used was arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) as determined by co-oximetry. This is a recognized gold standard for measuring oxygen saturation in blood.

8. The Sample Size for the Training Set

The document does not mention the sample size for any training set. Given that this is a sensor (hardware with embedded algorithms) rather than a software-as-a-medical-device (SaMD) based on AI/Machine Learning that typically requires extensive re-training, it's possible that a distinct "training set" as understood in deep learning contexts was not highly relevant or explicitly documented. The development process likely involved calibration and verification, which might use internal datasets not explicitly labeled as "training."

9. How the Ground Truth for the Training Set Was Established

Since a "training set" is not explicitly mentioned, the method for establishing its ground truth is also not provided.

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