(365 days)
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No
The description mentions "iterative reconstruction technique" and "iterations going back and forth between image space and raw data space," which are characteristic of traditional iterative reconstruction methods, not necessarily AI/ML. There is no mention of AI, ML, deep learning, or training data.
No
The device is described as CT reconstruction software designed to improve image quality and potentially reduce radiation dose, not to directly treat or diagnose a disease or condition.
No
SAFIRE is a CT reconstruction software designed to improve image quality and reduce radiation dose, not to diagnose medical conditions directly.
Yes
The device is explicitly described as a "software option" for a CT operating system and its function is image reconstruction, which is a software-based process. There is no mention of any accompanying hardware components being part of the device itself.
Based on the provided information, this device is not an IVD (In Vitro Diagnostic).
Here's why:
- IVD Definition: In Vitro Diagnostics are medical devices used to perform tests on samples taken from the human body, such as blood, urine, or tissue, to detect diseases, conditions, or infections.
- SAFIRE's Function: SAFIRE is a software that processes raw data acquired from a CT scanner to reconstruct images. It works with the imaging data itself, not with biological samples from the patient.
- Intended Use: The intended use clearly states it's a CT reconstruction software used to improve image quality and potentially reduce radiation dose during CT scans. This is an in vivo (within the living body) imaging process, not an in vitro (in glass/outside the body) diagnostic test.
Therefore, SAFIRE falls under the category of medical imaging software, not an In Vitro Diagnostic device.
N/A
Intended Use / Indications for Use
SAFIRE is a CT reconstruction software. The end user can choose to apply either SAFIRE or the weighted filter back-projection (WFBP) to the acquired raw data.
Depending on the clinical task, patient size, anatomical location, and clinical practice, the use of SAFIRE can help to reduce radiation dose while maintaining Pixel noise, low contrast detectability and high contrast resolution. Phantom measurements showed that high contrast resolution and pixel noise are equivalent between full dose WFBP images and reduced dose SAFIRE images. Additionally, SAFIRE can reduce spiral artifacts by using iterations going back and forth between image space and raw data space.
A Model Observer evaluation showed that equivalent low contrast detectability can be achieved with 54% to 60% less dose using SAFIRE at highest noise reduction strength for thin (0.6 mm) reconstruction slices in simulated body and head phantoms for low contrast objects with different contrasts.
Images reconstructed with SAFIRE are not intended to be evaluated with syngo Osteo CT or syngo Calcium Scoring.
Product codes (comma separated list FDA assigned to the subject device)
JAK
Device Description
Siemens SAFIRE is a software option to for CT operating system SOMARIS/7. It provides an improved image quality. Reciprocally the use SAFIRE allows the physician to acquire scans with reduced radiation dose without reduction of image quality compared to today's standard.
Mentions image processing
SAFIRE is a software option to for CT operating system SOMARIS/7. It provides an improved image quality.
Additionally, SAFIRE can reduce spiral artifacts by using iterations going back and forth between image space and raw data space.
SAFIRE is an option within the image reconstruction module of the CT operating system SOMARIS/7 that can be selected by the user in addition to conventional image reconstruction technique (Weighted Filtered Back Projection). It improves image quality and allows for radiation dose reduction. The iterative steps include the validation of current images compared with measured raw data, and reconstruction of differences to an updated image, which is added to the previous image.
Mentions AI, DNN, or ML
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Input Imaging Modality
Computed Tomography X-ray System
Anatomical Site
body and head phantoms
body and in head region
Indicated Patient Age Range
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Intended User / Care Setting
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Description of the training set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
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Description of the test set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
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Summary of Performance Studies (study type, sample size, AUC, MRMC, standalone performance, key results)
Non clinical tests were conducted for SAFIRE software package during product development. Additionally, a Model Observer evaluation showed that equivalent low contrast detectability can be achieved with 54% to 60% less dose using SAFIRE at highest strength for thin reconstruction slices in body and in head region compared to weighted filtered backprojection (WFBP). At the same time phantom measurements showed that high contrast resolution and pixel noise in the images is equivalent for full dose WFBP images and SAFIRE images acquired with reduced dose.
The Risk analysis was completed and risk control implemented to mitigate identified hazards. The testing results supports that all the software specifications have met the acceptance criteria.
Additionally the iterative reconstruction technique was evaluated in clinical environment. The results show that the use of up to 60% less radiation dose compared to today's standard scan techniques in combination with the use of SAFIRE provides images with the same results in terms of pixel noise and spatial resolution. Testing for verification and validation of the device was found acceptable to support the claims of substantial equivalence.
The reduction of spiral artifacts was validated in clinical images and in simulations with established image quality phantoms.
Key Metrics (Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV, etc.)
Equivalent low contrast detectability can be achieved with 54% to 60% less dose using SAFIRE.
High contrast resolution and pixel noise are equivalent.
Predicate Device(s): If the device was cleared using the 510(k) pathway, identify the Predicate Device(s) K/DEN number used to claim substantial equivalence and list them here in a comma separated list exactly as they appear in the text. List the primary predicate first in the list.
Reference Device(s): Identify the Reference Device(s) K/DEN number and list them here in a comma separated list exactly as they appear in the text.
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Predetermined Change Control Plan (PCCP) - All Relevant Information for the subject device only (e.g. presence / absence, what scope was granted / cleared under the PCCP, any restrictions, etc).
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§ 892.1750 Computed tomography x-ray system.
(a)
Identification. A computed tomography x-ray system is a diagnostic x-ray system intended to produce cross-sectional images of the body by computer reconstruction of x-ray transmission data from the same axial plane taken at different angles. This generic type of device may include signal analysis and display equipment, patient and equipment supports, component parts, and accessories.(b)
Classification. Class II.
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Image /page/0/Picture/0 description: The image shows the word "SIEMENS" in bold, black letters. The letters are large and evenly spaced, filling most of the frame. A thin black line runs underneath the word, emphasizing the text.
Section 5: 510(k) Summary
NOV 2 2 2011
510(k) Summary For SAFIRE
Submitted by: Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc. 51 Valley Stream Parkway Malvern, PA 19355
September 25, 2010
This 510(k) summary of safety and effectiveness information is being submitted in accordance with the requirements of SMDA 1990 and 21 CFR § 807.92.
l. General Information
Importer / Distributor
Siemens Medical Solutions, Inc. 51 Valley Stream Parkway, E-50 Malvern, PA 19355 Establishment Registration Number 2240869
Manufacturing Site
SIEMENS AG Healthcare Sector Siemensstrasse 1 D-91301 Forchheim
2. Contact Person:
Mrs. Alicia Bustos-Juergensen Technical Specialist, Regulatory Affairs Submissions Siemens Medical Solutions, Inc. USA 51 Valley Stream Parkway E-50 Malvern, PA 19355-1406 Phone:(610) 448-4056 Fax: (610) 448-1778
3. Device Name and Classification
SAFIRE Product Name: Propriety Trade Name: SAFIRE Classification Name: Computed Tomography X- ray System Classification Panel: Radiology 21 CFR §892.1750 CFR Section: Device Class: Class II Product Code: 90 JAK
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4. Device Description
Siemens SAFIRE is a software option to for CT operating system SOMARIS/7. It provides an improved image quality. Reciprocally the use SAFIRE allows the physician to acquire scans with reduced radiation dose without reduction of image quality compared to today's standard.
5. Intended Use
SAFIRE is a CT reconstruction software. The end user can choose to apply either SAFIRE or the weighted filter back-projection (WFBP) to the acquired raw data.
Depending on the clinical task, patient size, anatomical location, and clinical practice, the use of SAFIRE can help to reduce radiation dose while maintaining Pixel noise, low contrast detectability and high contrast resolution. Phantom measurements showed that high contrast resolution and pixel noise are equivalent between full dose WFBP images and reduced dose SAFIRE images. Additionally, SAFIRE can reduce spiral artifacts by using iterations going back and forth between image space and raw data space.
A Model Observer evaluation showed that equivalent low contrast detectability can be achieved with 54% to 60% less dose using SAFIRE at highest noise reduction strength for thin (0.6 mm) reconstruction slices in simulated body and head phantoms for low contrast objects with different contrasts.
Images reconstructed with SAFIRE are not intended to be evaluated with syngo Osteo CT or syngo Calcium Scoring.
Substantial Equivalence: 6.
Siemens Computed tomography X-ray systems, configured with software version SOMARIS/7 including SAFIRE are substantially equivalent to the following medical device in commercial distribution
| Predicate Device Name | FDA Clearance Number | FDA Clearance Date |
|---|---|---|
| SOMATOM Definition Flash | K082220 | 10/10/2008 |
7. Summary of Technological Characteristics of the Principal Device as Compared with the Predicate Device
SAFIRE is an option within the image reconstruction module of the CT operating system SOMARIS/7 that can be selected by the user in addition to conventional image reconstruction technique (Weighted Filtered Back Projection). It improves image quality and allows for radiation dose reduction. The iterative steps include the validation of current images compared with measured raw data, and reconstruction of differences to an updated image, which is added to the previous image.
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8. Verification and Validation
Non clinical tests were conducted for SAFIRE software package during product development. Additionally, a Model Observer evaluation showed that equivalent low contrast detectability can be achieved with 54% to 60% less dose using SAFIRE at highest strength for thin reconstruction slices in body and in head region compared to weighted filtered backprojection (WFBP). At the same time phantom measurements showed that high contrast resolution and pixel noise in the images is equivalent for full dose WFBP images and SAFIRE images acquired with reduced dose.
The Risk analysis was completed and risk control implemented to mitigate identified hazards. The testing results supports that all the software specifications have met the acceptance criteria.
Additionally the iterative reconstruction technique was evaluated in clinical environment. The results show that the use of up to 60% less radiation dose compared to today's standard scan techniques in combination with the use of SAFIRE provides images with the same results in terms of pixel noise and spatial resolution. Testing for verification and validation of the device was found acceptable to support the claims of substantial equivalence.
The reduction of spiral artifacts was validated in clinical images and in simulations with established image quality phantoms.
General Safety and Effectiveness Concerns 9.
Instructions for use are included within the device labeling, and the information provided will enable the user to operate the device in a safe and effective manner.
Furthermore the operators are health care professionals familiar with and responsible for the X-ray examinations to be performed. To minimize electrical, mechanical and radiation hazards, Siemens adheres to recognized and established industry practice, and all equipment is subject to final performance testing.
10. Conclusion as to Substantial Equivalence
Siemens Computed tomography X-ray systems, configured with software version SOMARIS/7 including SAFIRE are intended for the same indications for use as the predicate. device
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Image /page/3/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The logo consists of a stylized eagle or bird symbol with three overlapping, curved lines forming its body and wings. The bird is facing left. Encircling the bird is the text "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES - USA" in a circular arrangement.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES
Public Health Service
Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Document Control Room - WO66-G609 Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002
NOV 2 2 2011
Mrs. Alicia Bustos-Juergensen Technical Specialist, Regulatory Affairs Submissions Siemens Medical Solutions, Inc. USA 51 Valley Stream Parkway, E-50 MELVERN PA 19355-1406
Re: K103424
Trade/Device Name: Safire Regulation Number: 21 CFR 892.1750 Regulation Name: Computed tomography x-ray system Regulatory Class: II Product Code: JAK Dated: October 27, 2011 Received: October 28, 2011
Dear Mrs. Bustos-Juergensen:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into class II (Special Controls), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in Title 21, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Parts 800 to 895. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Parts 801 and 809); medical device reporting (reporting of
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medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803); and good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820). This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your Section 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Parts 801 and 809), please contact the Office of In Vitro Diagnostic Device Evaluation and Safety at (301) 796-5450. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm for the CDRH's Office of Surveillance and Biometrics/Division of Postmarket Surveillance.
You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/industry/support/index.html.
Sincerely Yours.
Mary S Patel
Mary S. Pastel, Sc.D. Director Division of Radiological Devices Office of In Vitro Diagnostic Device Evaluation and Safety Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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FMENS
510(k) Number (if known): K103424
Device Name: SAFIRE
Indications for Use:
SAFIRE is a CT reconstruction software. The end user can choose to apply either SAFIRE or the weighted filter back-projection (WFBP) to the acquired raw data.
Depending on the clinical task, patient size, anatomical location, and clinical practice, the use of SAFIRE can help to reduce radiation dose while maintaining Pixel noise, low contrast detectability and high contrast resolution. Phantom measurements showed that high contrast resolution and pixel noise are equivalent between full dose WFBP images and reduced dose SAFIRE images. Additionally, SAFIRE can reduce spiral artifacts by using iterations going back and forth between image space and raw data space.
A Model Observer evaluation showed that equivalent low contrast detectability can be achieved with 54% to 60% less dose using SAFIRE at highest noise reduction strength for thin (0.6 mm) reconstruction slices in simulated body and head phantoms for low contrast objects with different contrasts.
Images reconstructed with SAFIRE are not intended to be evaluated with syngo Osteo CT or syngo Calcium Scoring.
Prescription Use AND/OR (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D)
Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE-CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of In Vitro Diagnostic Devices (OIVD)
Division Sign-Off
Office of In Vitro Diagnostic Device Evaluation and Safety
510(k) K103424