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The DePuy PULSE Thoracolumbar Screw System is intended to provide immobilization of spinal segments in skeletally mature patients as an adjunct to fusion in the treatment of acute and chronic instabilities or deformities of the thoracic, lumbar and sacral spine.

The DePuy PULSE Thoracolumbar Screw System metallic components are intended for noncervical pedicle fixation and nonpedicle fixation for the following indications: degenerative disc disease (defined as back pain of discogenic origin with degeneration of the disc confirmed by history and radiographic studies); spondylolisthesis; trauma (i.e., fracture or dislocation); spinal stenosis; curvatures (i.e., scoliosis, and/or lordosis); tumor, pseudoarthrosis; and failed previous fusion in skeletally mature patients.

The ISOLA, VSP, MOSS MIAMI, TiMX, CrossOver Cross Connectors, E-Z Link Cross Connectors, and MONARCH Spine Systems are pedicle screw systems intended to provide immobilization of spinal segments in skeletally mature patients as an adjunct to fusion in the treatment of the following acute and chronic instabilities or deformities of the thoracic, lumbar, and sacral spine: degenerative spondylolisthesis with objective evidence of neurological impairment, fracture, dislocation, scoliosis, spinal tumor, and failed previous fusion (pseudarthrosis).

The ISOLA, VSP, MOSS MIAMI, TiMX, CrossOver Cross Connectors, E-Z Link Cross Connectors, and MONARCH Spine Systems are also indicated for pedicle screw fixation for the treatment of severe spondylolisthesis (Grades 3 and 4) of the L5-S1 vertebra in skeletally mature patients receiving fusion by autogenous bone graft having implants attached to the lumbar and sacral spine (L3 to sacrum) with removal of the implants after the attainment of a solid fusion.

The ISOLA, MOSS MIAMI, TiMX, CrossOver Cross Connectors, E-Z Link Cross Connectors, and MONARCH Spine Systems are also a hook and sacral/iliac screw fixation system of the indicated for degenerative disc disease (defined as discogenic back pain with degeneration of the disc confirmed by history and radiographic studies), spondylolisthesis, trauma (fracture and/or dislocation), spinal stenosis, deformities (scoliosis, lordosis and/or kyphosis), tumor, and previous failed fusion (pseudarthrosis).

The ISOLA, VSP, CrossOver Cross Connectors, E-Z Link Cross Connectors, and MONARCH Spine Systems when used with pedicle screws are indicated for degenerative disc disease (defined as discogenic back pain with degeneration of the disc confirmed by history and radiographic studies). Levels of fixation are for the thoracic, lumbar and sacral spine.

The ISOLA and MOSS MIAMI Spine Systems when used as anterior thoracic/lumbar screw fixation systems, are indicated for degenerative disc disease (defined as discogenic back pain with degeneration of the disc confirmed by history and radiographic studies), spondylolisthesis, trauma (fracture and/or dislocation), spinal stenosis, deformities (scoliosis, lordosis and/or kyphosis), tumor, and previous failed fusion (pseudarthrosis).

The MONARCH Spine System Dual Rod Connectors can be used to connect MONARCH Spine System Rods to rods of other DePuy Spine 4.75mm, 5.5mm, and 6.35mm diameter rod systems.

The EXPEDIUM SFX Cross Connector System is designed to transversely connect two rods used in posterior spinal instrumentation constructs. The EXPEDIUM SFX Cross Connector System devices are intended for use with components of the commercially available EXPEDIUM, VIPER, VSP, ISOLA, MONARCH, MOSS MIAMI, and TiMX Spine Systems. Please refer to the labeling of the aforementioned spinal systems indications for use.

The EXPEDIUM Spine System, EXPEDIUM VERSE Spine System, VIPER 2 System, VIPER SAI, and VIPER PRIME is intended to provide immobilization of spinal segments in skeletally mature patients as an adjunct to fusion in the treatment of acute and chronic instabilities of the thoracic. Iumbar and sacral spine.

The EXPEDIUM Spine System, EXPEDIUM VERSE Spine System, VIPER 2 System, VIPER SAI, and VIPER PRIME is intended for noncervical pedicle fixation for the following indications: degenerative disc disease (defined as back pain of discogenic origin with degeneration of the disc confirmed by history and radiographic studies); spondylolisthesis; trauma (i.e., fracture or dislocation); spinal stenosis; curvatures (i.e., scoliosis, kyphosis, and/or lordosis); tumor, pseudoarthrosis; and failed previous fusion in skeletally mature patients.

When used in a posterior percutaneous approach with MIS instrumentation, the EXPEDIUM Spine System, EXPEDIUM VERSE Spine System, VIPER System, VIPER 2 System, VIPER PRIME is intended for noncervical pedicle fixation and nonpedicle fixation for the following indications: degenerative disc disease (defined as back pain of discogenic origin with degeneration of the disc confirmed by history and radiographic studies); trauma (i.e., fracture or dislocation); spinal stenosis; curvatures (i.e., scoliosis, and/or lordosis); tumor, pseudoarthrosis; and failed previous fusion in skeletally mature patients.

When used for posterior non-cervical pedicle screw fixation in pediatric patients, the EXPEDIUM Spine System, EXPEDIUM VERSE Spine System, VIPER 2 System metallic implants are indicated as an adjunct to fusion to treat adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. The EXPEDIUM Spine System, EXPEDIUM VERSE Spine System, VIPER System, VIPER 2 System, and VIPER PRIME are intended to be used with autograft and/or allograft. Pediatric pedicle screw fixation is limited to a posterior approach.

The EXPEDIUM Growing System is indicated for patients with potential for additional spinal growth under 10 years of age who require surgical treatment to obtain and maintain correction of severe, progressive, life-threatening, early-onset spinal deformities associated with thoracic insufficiency, including early-onset scoliosis. The EXPEDIUM Growing System may be used with any cleared traditional 4.5 and 5.5 EXPEDIUM Spine Systems. The EXPEDIUM Growing Spine System is not intended to be used with 4.0mm diameter screws.

When used in conjunction with CONFIDENCE High Viscosity Spinal Cement, the VIPER and EXPEDIUM Fenestrated Screw Systems are intended to restore the integrity of the spinal column even in the absence of fusion for a limited time period in patients with advanced stage tumors involving the thoracic and lumbar spine in whom life expectancy is of insufficient duration to permit achievement of fusion. The VIPER and EXPEDIUM Fenestrated Screw Systems augmented with the CONFIDENCE High Viscosity Spinal Cement are for use at spinal levels where the structural integrity of the spine is not severely compromised.

The Cross over and E-Z Link Cross Connectors are designed to transversely connect two rods used in spinal instrumentation constructs. The connector minimizes torsional forces on the construct, thus reducing the micromotion and the probability of the construct shifting after placement. The CrossOver and E-Z Link Cross Connectors are indicated as part of the ISOLA Spinal System.

The DePuy PULSE Thoracolumbar Screw System consists of a variety of rods, pedicle screws, connectors, setscrews and other connection components used to build a spinal construct. The DePuy PULSE Thoracolumbar Screw System is offered in titanium material in sizes ranging from 4.35mm to 12.0mm in shank diameter and 20mm to 130mm in length. Screw shanks with 7.0mm and smaller are assembled from the top of the outer head, while screws with 7.5mm and larger are assembled from the bottom using a flex ball. The implant components can be rigidly locked into a variety of configurations, with each construct being made for the individual case.

The EXPEDIUM, VIPER and VIPER PRIME screws with fenestrations are designed with a cortical fix screw shank that is fully cannulated with lateral fenestrations at the distal end and may be used in conjunction with, or without the CONFIDENCE High Viscosity Spinal Cement. The cannulation and fenestrations allow for the injection of bone cement through the screws into the vertebral body in patients with severe osteoporosis or pathological fractures due to osteoporosis and tumor in the thoracic, lumbar and sacral spine.

The EXPEDIUM SFX Cross Connector System is designed to transversely connect two rods used in constructs comprising spinal instrumentation components. It features an advanced top-loading design and unique snap-fit feature that simplify initial placement and tightening procedures which helps avoid impingement of surrounding anatomy. The EXPEDIUM SFX Cross Connector system incorporates a broad range of implant options in both and adjustable configurations for an optimal balance between dural clearance and implant profile.

The EXPEDIUM VERSE Spine System is designed to provide intraoperative polyaxial to monoaxial conversion. It facilitates easier rod capture and provides a powerful and precise reduction mechanism. EXPEDIUM VERSE is a reduced profile thoracolumbar implant for use for with wide range of patient statures. EXPEDIUM VERSE is a selfcontained, efficient, and intuitive instrument system that is compatible with EXPEDIUM 5.5 rods, hooks and mono screws to enhance versatility.

The ISOLA Spine System is a pedicle screw system intended to provide immobilization and stabilization of spinal segments in skeletally mature patients as an adjunct to fusion in the treatment of the following acute and chronic instabilities or deformities of the thoracic, lumbar and sacral spine. The ISOLA Spine System consists of connectors, open and closed iliac screws, iliac bolts, and angled closed iliac screws. These components have been designed to allow for rigid fixation of the sacral and pelvic regions of the spine.

The MONARCH Spine System is both a rod-based and plate-based system designed to interface with various spinal anatomies. The plate-based system consists of pedicle screws, spine plates, transverse connectors. J-hooks, washers, nuts and set screws. The rod-based system consists of spinal rods, pedicle screws, set screws, various slotted connectors, and transverse connectors.

The TiMX Low Back System is a construct that consists of pedicle and sacral screws, spine plates, nuts, washers, and transverse connectors. The TiMX Low Back System is intended to provide immobilization and stabilization of spinal segments in skeletally mature patients as an adjunct to fusion in the treatment of chronic instabilities and deformities of the thoracic, lumber, and sacral spine.

The MOSS MIAMI Spine System is a closure mechanism which secures the rod to the screw in one single, simple step. The unique square threads balance the forces vertically, creating a secure assembly. It consists of anatomic hooks, monoaxial screws, polyaxial screws and a dual closure mechanism.

The VIPER PRIME System is novel technique for percutaneous pedicle screw placement and posterior stabilization. This innovative technique eliminates the need for guidewires, Jamshidi needles and pedicle preparation instruments; utilizing a stylet that is fully controlled by the screwdriver. The VIPER PRIME System enables surgeons to target pedicles and insert the screw, without the need for instrument exchanges or reconfirmation of their trajectory.

The VIPER Sacral-Alar-Iliac Screw is an implant designed for sacropelvic fixation. The VIPER SAI Screw is optimized for Sacral-Alar-Iliac placement vis-à-vis a favored angle polyaxial head, smooth shank and robust drive feature. The in-line nature of this anchor allows not only stabilization but also correction of pelvic sagittal or coronal deformities.

The EXPEDIUM Spine System, VIPER System, and VIPER 2 System are metallic implants intended to provide immobilization and stabilization of spinal segments. They can be used for skeletally mature patients as an adjunct to fusion in the treatment of acute and chronic instabilities or deformities of the thoracic, lumbar, and sacral spine; or for posterior non-cervical pedicle screw fixation in pediatric patients as an adjunct to fusion to treat adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. The EXPEDIUM and VIPER/VIPER2 systems are intended to be used with autograft and/or allograft. Pediatric pedicle screw fixation is limited to a posterior approach.

The EXPEDIUM Spine System consist of longitudinal rods, monoaxial screws, polyaxial screws, uni-planar screws, reduction screws, cable/wire screws, bolts, slotted connectors, wires, hooks, reduction hooks, transverse connectors, SFX Cross Connector System, dual rod connectors, sacral extenders, lateral connectors, and washers. The VIPER and VIPER 2 Systems consist of cannulated polyaxial screws, monoaxial screws, uni-planar screws, reduction screws, and rods used in a percutaneous approach.

The VSP Spine System is indicated for degenerative spondylolisthesis, in skeletally mature patients, with objective evidence of neurologic impairment, fracture, dislocation, scoliosis, kyphosis, spinal tumor, and failed previous fusion. Levels of fixation are for the thoracic, lumbar and sacral spine. The VSP Spine System is also indicated for pedicle screw fixation for severe spondylolisthesis (Grades 3 and 4) at L5-S1, in skeletally mature patients, when autogenous bone graft is used, when affixed to the posterior lumbosacral spine, and intended to be removed after solid fusion us attained. Levels of fixation are from L3-S1.

This is a 510(k) premarket notification for a medical device, which seeks to demonstrate substantial equivalence to previously cleared devices. Therefore, the information provided focuses on comparative data rather than a standalone clinical study with acceptance criteria in the same manner as a de novo or PMA submission might require.

However, based on the provided text, we can infer some "acceptance criteria" related to magnetic resonance compatibility and how the study "proves" the device meets them.

1. Table of Acceptance Criteria and Reported Device Performance

Explanation: The "acceptance criteria" here are indirectly established by the selection of specific ASTM standards for magnetic resonance compatibility. The study "proves" the device meets these criteria by performing tests according to these standards and reporting that the "results demonstrated compatibility conditions." While the exact quantitative thresholds are not provided in this summary, the FDA's clearance implies that the performance met the requirements set by these recognized standards for MR safety.

2. Sample Size Used for the Test Set and Data Provenance

• Sample Size for Test Set: Not specified. The document states that "non-clinical testing was conducted in alignment with the following standards." This usually means a set of representative devices or components are tested, but the specific number is not provided in this summary.
• Data Provenance: The nature of the tests (magnetic resonance compatibility) indicates laboratory testing of the devices themselves, rather than human subject data. Therefore, "country of origin of the data" and "retrospective or prospective" do not directly apply in the traditional sense of clinical studies. The tests were performed to demonstrate that the device materials and design are safe within an MR environment.

3. Number of Experts Used to Establish Ground Truth for the Test Set and Their Qualifications

This submission is for device clearance based on non-clinical (laboratory) testing for MR compatibility. Therefore, there were no experts used to establish ground truth for a test set in the clinical sense. The "ground truth" is governed by the objective measurements defined by the ASTM standards for MR compatibility.

4. Adjudication Method for the Test Set

Not applicable. As this is non-clinical laboratory testing, there is no adjudication method involving human interpretation or consensus. The data points are quantitative measurements against predefined ASTM standard limits.

5. If a Multi-Reader Multi-Case (MRMC) Comparative Effectiveness Study was done

No. An MRMC comparative effectiveness study was not done. This type of study is relevant for assessing the impact of AI on diagnostic performance with human readers, which is not the purpose of this submission. This submission is for the clearance of physical medical devices (spinal systems) and their magnetic resonance compatibility labeling.

6. If a Standalone (i.e. algorithm only without human-in-the-loop performance) was done

No. A standalone algorithm-only performance study was not done. This submission concerns physical medical devices and their MR compatibility, not an algorithm.

7. The Type of Ground Truth Used

The "ground truth" for the non-clinical tests was defined by the specifications and limits within the cited ASTM standards (ASTM F2213, ASTM F2052, ASTM F2119, ASTM F2182) for magnetic resonance compatibility. These standards outline methodologies and acceptable thresholds for torque, displacement force, image artifacts, and heating.

8. The Sample Size for the Training Set

Not applicable. There is no "training set" in the context of this 510(k) submission, as it relates to physical device testing for MR compatibility, not machine learning or AI algorithm development.

9. How the Ground Truth for the Training Set was Established

Not applicable. As there is no training set, there is no ground truth to establish for it.

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The Cohen Crossover Catheter is intended to be used to deliver radiopaque media to selected sites in the vascular system, including the lower extremities using a contralateral approach.

The Cohen Crossover Catheters are angiographic catheters used to aid in percutaneous peripheral procedures. The catheters guide an introducer sheath across the illiac bifurcation and perform a standard angiogram. The catheters are available in three sizes (6 F, 7 F, and 8 F) and taper to a radiopaque, 5 F modified hook configuration on the distal end. Side holes are located at the distal end of the catheters for contrast media injections. The catheters are compatible with 0.035" guidewires.

Here's an analysis of the provided text regarding the Cohen Crossover Catheter, structured according to your request.

1. Table of Acceptance Criteria and Reported Device Performance

The provided text describes verification testing for a medical device (Cohen Crossover Catheter) rather than a software algorithm or AI. Therefore, the "acceptance criteria" are the successful completion of these engineering and safety tests, and the "reported device performance" is that the device met these criteria. There are no quantitative performance metrics (like sensitivity, specificity, etc.) that would typically be associated with AI/software performance.

2. Sample Size Used for the Test Set and Data Provenance

This document describes the premarket notification (510(k)) for a physical medical device (catheter), not an AI algorithm. Therefore, there isn't a "test set" in the context of data used to evaluate an AI model's performance. The "tests" mentioned are engineering and laboratory verification tests conducted on the physical device itself. The document does not specify the number of devices or components tested for each criterion, nor does it refer to data provenance in terms of country of origin or retrospective/prospective data collection as would be relevant for clinical data informing an AI.

3. Number of Experts Used to Establish the Ground Truth for the Test Set and Qualifications of Those Experts

Not applicable. This is for a physical device, not an AI or diagnostic algorithm, so there is no "ground truth" established by experts in the context of diagnostic accuracy. The "truth" for these engineering tests is defined by the test specifications and whether the device's physical properties meet them.

4. Adjudication Method for the Test Set

Not applicable. As this is not an AI or diagnostic algorithm evaluation requiring expert consensus on outputs, there is no adjudication method described.

5. If a Multi-Reader Multi-Case (MRMC) Comparative Effectiveness Study Was Done

No. An MRMC study is relevant for evaluating the impact of an AI system on human reader performance for diagnostic tasks. This document concerns a physical device, not an AI.

6. If a Standalone (i.e., algorithm only without human-in-the-loop performance) Was Done

Not applicable. This is for a physical device. There is no algorithm to run in a standalone fashion.

7. The Type of Ground Truth Used

Not applicable in the context of AI. For the engineering tests, the "ground truth" would be established by the specifications of the device and standard engineering testing protocols (e.g., a specific tensile strength requirement, a specific flow rate, etc.).

8. The Sample Size for the Training Set

Not applicable. This is a physical medical device; there is no "training set" as understood in machine learning. Its design and manufacturing are based on engineering principles and existing predicate devices, not data-driven training.

9. How the Ground Truth for the Training Set Was Established

Not applicable. There is no training set for a physical medical device.

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The CSI is indicated for use in arterial and venous procedures requiring percutaneous introduction of therapeutic or diagnostic intravascular devices or fluids.

The RCIS consists of a 5-7F spiral reinforced sheath introducer and an appropriately sized dilator packaged in a tyvek/polymylar pouch. Each reinforced introducer sheath features an integrated hemostasis valve system with a sideport extension and a 3-way stopcock. Each introducer also has a radiopaque distal tip to aid the physician is correct placement of the device. The RCIS dilator is lockable to the mating reinforced introducer sheath. The dilator has a straight curve configuration that extends approximately 2.5cm beyond the matching sheath when the dilator is locked to the sheath. The dilator is compatible with an up to 0.038" diameter guidewire.

The provided text does not contain information about acceptance criteria, device performance, or any studies involving test sets, training sets, or expert evaluations.

The document is a 510(k) summary for a Reinforced Catheter Introducer System (RCIS) and the FDA's clearance letter for the device. It focuses on establishing substantial equivalence to a predicate device, as required for 510(k) submissions.

Key information provided:

• Device: Reinforced Catheter Introducer System (RCIS) (5-7F)
• Manufacturer: Thomas Medical Products, Inc.
• Predicate Device: Thomas Medical Products, Inc., Reinforced Catheter Introducer System - K081341
• Comparison Basis: The submission states that the "technological characteristics of the device are identical to those of the predicate devices" and that they have "identical intended use / indications for use."
• Indications for Use: The RCIS is indicated for use in arterial and venous procedures requiring percutaneous introduction of therapeutic or diagnostic intravascular devices or fluids.
• Regulatory Clearance: The FDA found the device substantially equivalent to legally marketed predicate devices, allowing it to proceed to market.

Therefore, I cannot fulfill the request as the necessary data regarding acceptance criteria, study details, sample sizes, expert involvement, or ground truth establishment are not present in the provided text. This type of information is typically found in design validation reports or clinical study summaries, which are not part of this 510(k) submission document.

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The Moss Miami Spine System is a pedicle screw system intended to provide immobilization and stabilization of spinal segments in skeletally mature patients as an adjunct to fusion in the treatment of the following acute and chronic instabilities or deformities of the thoracic, lumbar, and sacral spine: degenerative spondylolisthesis with objective evidence of neurological impairment, fracture, dislocation, scoliosis, kyphosis, spinal tumor, and failed previous fusion (pseudarthrosis).

The Moss Miami Spine System is also indicated for pedicle screw fixation for the treatment of severe spondylolisthesis (Grades 3 and 4) of the L5-S1 vertebra in skeletally mature patients receiving fusion by autogenous bone graft having implants attached to the lumbar and sacral spine (L3 to sacrum) with removal of the implants after the attainment of a solid fusion.

The Moss Miami Spine System is also a hook and sacral/iliac screw fixation svstem of the noncervical spine indicated for degenerative disc disease (defined as discogenic back pain with degeneration of the disc confirmed by history and radiographic studies), spondylolisthesis, trauma (fracture and/or dislocation), spinal stenosis, deformities (scoliosis, lordosis and/or kyphosis), turnor, and previous failed fusion (pseudarthrosis).

The CrossOver Cross Connector is designed to transversely connect two rods used in spinal instrumentation constructs. The connector minimizes the torsional forces on the construct, thus reducing the micromotion and the probability of the construct shifting after placement. It is designed to accommodate the 5.0mm and 6.35mm spinal rods of the Moss Miami Spine System

The provided text is a 510(k) summary for the DePuy AcroMed, Inc. CrossOver Cross Connector, a spinal fixation device. It details the device's description, intended use, materials, and predicate devices. However, the document does not contain any information regarding acceptance criteria for device performance or a study proving the device meets acceptance criteria.

The section labeled "PERFORMANCE DATA:" directly states:

Performance data were submitted to characterize the CrossOver Cross Connector.

This indicates that some performance data was submitted, but the document itself does not elaborate on what that data entails, what acceptance criteria were used, or the results of any specific studies.

Therefore, I cannot provide the requested information in the table or answer the subsequent questions based on the provided text. The document is primarily a regulatory filing (510(k) summary) focused on demonstrating substantial equivalence to a predicate device, rather than a detailed report of a performance study with specific acceptance criteria.

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The ISOLA Spinal System is a pedicle screw system intended to provide immobilization and stabilization of spinal segments in skeletally mature patients as an adjunct to fusion in the treatment of the following acute and chronic instabilities or deformities of the thoracic, lumbar, and sacral spine: degenerative spondylolisthesis with objective evidence of neurological impairment, fracture, dislocation, scoliosis, kyphosis, spinal tumor, and failed previous fusion (pseudarthrosis).

The ISOLA Spinal System is also indicated for pedicle screw fixation for the treatment of severe spondylolisthesis (Grades 3 and 4) of the L5-S1 vertebra in skeletally mature patients receiving fusion by autogenous bone graft having implants attached to the lumbar and sacral spine (L3 to sacrum) with removal of the implants after the attainment of a solid fusion.

The ISOLA Spinal System is also a hook and sacral/iliac screw fixation system of the noncervical spine indicated for degenerative disc disease (defined as discogenic back pain with degeneration of the disc confirmed by history and radiographic studies), spondylolisthesis, trauma (fracture and/or dislocation), spinal stenosis, deformities (scoliosis, lordosis and/or kyphosis), tumor, and previous failed fusion (pseudarthrosis).

The ISOLA Spinal System when used with pedicle screws is indicated for degenerative disc disease (defined as discogenic back pain with degeneration of the disc confirmed by history and radiographic studies). Levels of fixation are for the thoracic, lumbar and sacral spine.

The CrossOver Cross Connector is designed to transversely connect two rods used in spinal instrumentation constructs. The connector minimizes the torsional forces on the construct, thus reducing the micromotion and the probability of the construct shifting after placement. It is designed to accommodate the 4.75mm and 6.35mm spinal rods of the ISOLA Spinal System

The provided text is a 510(k) summary for the CrossOver Cross Connector. It describes the device, its intended use, and indicates that performance data was submitted, but it does not explicitly detail acceptance criteria or the specific study that proves the device meets those criteria, especially in a way that aligns with AI/ML device testing standards.

The document is from 2002, which predates the widespread use of AI/ML in medical devices and the associated regulatory requirements for describing AI/ML performance evaluation studies. Therefore, many of the requested fields related to AI/ML device testing (e.g., sample size for test/training sets, expert adjudication methods, MRMC studies, standalone performance) are not applicable or not present in this type of regulatory submission.

Based on the information provided, here's what can be extracted and what cannot:

1. Table of acceptance criteria and reported device performance:

2. Sample size used for the test set and the data provenance:

• Sample size: Not applicable/Not provided. The "performance data" mentioned likely refers to mechanical testing or other non-clinical evaluations rather than a clinical "test set" in the context of AI/ML.
• Data provenance: Not applicable/Not provided.

3. Number of experts used to establish the ground truth for the test set and the qualifications of those experts:

• Not applicable. This device is a mechanical implant; it does not involve expert interpretation for establishing a ground truth in the way an AI/ML diagnostic or prognostic device would.

4. Adjudication method for the test set:

• Not applicable.

5. If a multi reader multi case (MRMC) comparative effectiveness study was done, If so, what was the effect size of how much human readers improve with AI vs without AI assistance:

• Not applicable. This is a mechanical device, not an AI-assisted diagnostic tool.

6. If a standalone (i.e. algorithm only without human-in-the loop performance) was done:

• Not applicable. This is a mechanical device.

7. The type of ground truth used:

• For a mechanical device like this, ground truth would typically relate to established engineering standards (e.g., material strength, fatigue life, mechanical stability) and biomechanical testing results rather than clinical "ground truth" derived from patient outcomes or expert consensus. The document does not specify the exact nature of the performance data, but it likely involved bench testing confirming structural integrity and biomechanical properties.

8. The sample size for the training set:

• Not applicable. This is a mechanical device, not an AI/ML algorithm.

9. How the ground truth for the training set was established:

• Not applicable.

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