(83 days)
Not Found
No
The device description details a nucleic acid probe test utilizing target capture, amplification (TMA), and detection (DKA) based on chemiluminescence and kinetic profiles. There is no mention of AI or ML in the device description, intended use, or performance studies. The data analysis involves calculating standard performance metrics like sensitivity and specificity based on cut-offs, not complex AI/ML algorithms.
No
The device is an in vitro diagnostic test for detecting specific nucleic acid sequences to aid in the diagnosis of chlamydial and/or gonococcal disease; it does not provide any therapeutic effect.
Yes
The "Intended Use / Indications for Use" section explicitly states that the assay is "to aid in the diagnosis of chlamydial and/or gonococcal disease."
No
The device is a nucleic acid probe test that utilizes target capture, amplification, and detection technologies, which are inherently hardware-dependent processes performed on the Panther System, an integrated hardware and software system. While software is involved in data reduction and automation, the core functionality relies on physical reagents and instrumentation.
Yes, this device is an IVD (In Vitro Diagnostic).
Here's why:
- Intended Use: The "Intended Use / Indications for Use" section explicitly states that the Aptima Combo 2® Assay is for the "in vitro qualitative detection and differentiation of ribosomal RNA from Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and/or Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) to aid in the diagnosis of chlamydial and/or gonococcal disease". The phrase "in vitro" is a key indicator of an IVD, meaning it's used to test samples outside of the body.
- Device Description: The description details the process of testing biological specimens (swabs and urine) in a laboratory setting using various technologies (target capture, TMA, DKA). This is consistent with the nature of an IVD.
- Specimen Types: The assay is designed to test various biological specimens collected from individuals, which is typical for IVDs used for diagnostic purposes.
- Purpose: The stated purpose is to "aid in the diagnosis of chlamydial and/or gonococcal disease," which is a diagnostic function performed on samples outside the body.
N/A
Intended Use / Indications for Use
The Aptima Combo 2® Assay is a target amplification nucleic acid probe test that utilizes target capture for the in vitro qualitative detection and differentiation of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) from Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and/or Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) to aid in the diagnosis of chlamydial and/or gonococcal disease using the Panther® System as specified.
On the Panther System, the assay may be used to test the following specimens from symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals: clinician-collected endocervical, vaginal, throat, rectal and male urethral swab specimens, clinician-collected gynecological specimens collected in the PreservCyt® Solution, patient-collected vaginal swab specimens, and female and male urine specimens.
Product codes
OEP, LSL, MKZ
Device Description
Clearance of this pre-market application will add extra-genital (throat and rectal) swab specimens as acceptable specimen types using the Aptima Combo 2 assay on the Panther system.
The Aptima Combo 2 Assay combines the technologies of target capture. Transcription-Mediated Amplification (TMA), and Dual Kinetic Assay (DKA). Specimens are collected and transferred into their respective specimen transport tubes. The transport solutions in these tubes release the rRNA targets and protect them from degradation during storage. When the Aptima Combo 2 Assay is performed in the laboratory, the target rRNA molecules are isolated from specimens by use of capture oligomers via target capture that utilizes magnetic microparticles. The capture oligomers contain sequences complementary to specific regions of the target molecules as well as a string of deoxyadenosine residues. A separate capture oligomer is used for each target. During the hybridization step, the sequence specific regions of the capture oligomers bind to specific regions of the target molecules. The capture oligomer:target complex is then captured out of solution by decreasing the temperature of the reaction to room temperature. This temperature reduction allows hybridization to occur between the deoxyadenosine region on the capture oligomer and the poly-deoxythymidine molecules that are covalently attached to the magnetic particles. The microparticles, including the captured target molecules bound to them, are pulled to the side of the reaction vessel using magnets and the supernatant is aspirated. The particles are washed to remove residual specimen matrix that may contain amplification reaction inhibitors. After the target capture steps are completed, the specimens are ready for amplification.
Target amplification assays are based on the ability of complementary oligonucleotide primers to specifically anneal and allow enzymatic amplification of the target nucleic acid strands. The Aptima Combo 2 Assay replicates a specific region of the 23S rRNA from CT and a specific region of the 16S rRNA from GC via DNA intermediates. A unique set of primers is used for each target molecule. Detection of the rRNA amplification product sequences (amplicon) is achieved using nucleic acid hybridization. Single-stranded chemiluminescent DNA probes, which are complementary to a region of each target amplicon, are labeled with different acridinium ester molecules. The labeled DNA probes combine with amplicon to form stable RNA:DNA hybrids. The Selection Reagent differentiates hybridized from unhybridized probe, eliminating the generation of signal from unhybridized probe. During the detection step, light emitted from the labeled RNA:DNA hybrids is measured as photon signals in a luminometer, and are reported as Relative Light Units (RLU). In DKA, differences in the kinetic profiles of the CT and GC labeled probes allow for the differentiation of signal; kinetic profiles are derived from measurements of photon output during the detection read time. The chemiluminescent detection for CT signal has very rapid kinetics and has the "flasher" kinetic type. The chemiluminescent detection reaction for GC signal is relatively slower and has the "glower" kinetic type. Assay results are determined by a cut-off based on the total RLU and the kinetic curve type.
The reagents required to perform the Aptima Combo 2 assay (Panther System) are available in two kit sizes (100- and 250-tests). The kits are packaged in 3 boxes containing 11 reagents which are required for sample processing. A description of the components that are required to perform the Aptima Combo 2 assay are detailed in Table 1. In addition, there are two ancillary kits required to run the assay (Table 2), and one collection kit utilized for collection of throat and rectal swab specimens (Table 3).
Table 1: Reagents Required to Perform the Aptima Combo 2 Assay
| Box | Components Description |
|---|---|
| 1 | Amplification Reagent |
| Enzyme Reagent | |
| Probe Reagent | |
| Target Capture Reagent B | |
| 2 | Amplification Reconstitution Solution |
| Enzyme Reconstitution Solution | |
| Probe Reconstitution Solution | |
| Selection Reagent | |
| Target Capture Reagent | |
| 3 | Aptima Positive Control CT/Neg Control GC |
| Aptima Positive Control GC/Neg Control CT |
Table 2: Ancillary Kits Required to Perform the Aptima Combo 2 Assay
Aptima Assay Fluids Kit
Aptima Auto Detect Reagents Kit
Table 3: Specimen Collection Kit Required for Collection of Throat and Rectal Swab Specimens
Aptima Multitest Swab Specimen Collection Kit
The Aptima Combo 2 assay has been designed for and validated on the Panther system. The Panther system is an integrated hardware and software system that together with the Aptima Combo 2 assay fully automates all the steps necessary to perform the assay from sample preparation through amplification of nucleic acid, detection, data reduction and amplicon inactivation.
Mentions image processing
Not Found
Mentions AI, DNN, or ML
Not Found
Input Imaging Modality
Not Found
Anatomical Site
Clinician-collected endocervical, vaginal, throat, rectal and male urethral swab specimens, clinician-collected gynecological specimens collected in the PreservCyt® Solution, patient-collected vaginal swab specimens, and female and male urine specimens.
Indicated Patient Age Range
Adult (≥18 years)
Intended User / Care Setting
Not Found
Description of the training set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
Not Found
Description of the test set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
A multicenter study was conducted using prospectively-collected rectal swab and throat swab samples from adult (≥18 years) participants seeking STI testing, with or without symptoms of STIs, who were attending participating US medical facilities. Nine (9) participating US STI screening and management, family planning, student health, women's health, and HIV management clinics, and clinics focusing on the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) population enrolled 2767 symptomatic and asymptomatic men and women.
Up to eight specimens were collected by the clinician from each subject: 4 rectal swabs and 4 throat swabs, collected in a randomized order. One swab of each specimen type was tested with the Aptima Combo 2 assay. The remaining rectal swab and throat swab specimens were tested with up to three reference NAATs – cleared for the detection of urogenital CT/GC infection and validated for use in rectal swab and throat swab specimens – to establish the anatomic site infected status (ASIS) for each specimen type-organism combination for each subject. The ASIS was determined based on results from testing the same sample type. Subjects were categorized as infected if a positive result occurred in at least two reference NAATs, and as not infected if at least 2 of the reference results were negative; the third (tie-breaker) reference was only required if the first 2 reference results were discordant.
Of the 2767 subjects enrolled, 8 did not complete the collection visit and had no specimens sent for testing, 167 had samples tested but were excluded due to temperature excursions that compromised specimen integrity, and 1 had no samples tested in error. Of the 2591 nonexcluded subjects that had at least one sample type tested, the following samples were excluded from performance analyses: 6 throat samples were excluded from evaluations of CT performance, 12 throat samples were excluded from evaluations of GC performance, 29 rectal samples were excluded from evaluations of CT performance, and 22 rectal swab samples were excluded from evaluations of GC performance. Total evaluable subjects: 2591.
Summary of Performance Studies (study type, sample size, AUC, MRMC, standalone performance, key results)
Study Type: Analytical (Non-Clinical) Studies & Clinical Study
Analytical Studies:
- Limit of Detection (LoD): The 95% limit of detection for the extra-genital swabs with the Aptima Combo 2 Assay was determined for throat and rectal swabs. Two CT Serovars (E and G) and two clinical GC isolates were spiked into pools of these swabs. The panels were tested on two Panther Systems using one reagent lot in replicates of at least 20 over eight days. The 95% limit of detection for throat and rectal swabs was 0.007 IFU/mL for CT and 0.10 CFU/mL for GC.
- Cross-Reactivity: Evaluated if various non-targeted microbes found in extra-genital specimens cross-react or interfere with the sensitivity and specificity of the AC2 assay. Results demonstrated that presence of the microorganisms in Table 6 did not interfere with the detection of CT and GC, and did not generate a positive result in the absence of CT and GC.
- Interfering Substances: Individually spiked cold sore medication, lip balm, hemorrhoidal cream, human feces, cough suppressant, toothpaste, mouthwash, laxative suppository, anti-diarrheal medication, and antacid into STM and tested on the Panther System for potential assay interference in the absence and presence of CT and GC slightly above the limit of detection.
Clinical Study:
- Design: Multicenter study using prospectively-collected rectal swab and throat swab samples from adult (≥18 years) participants seeking STI testing.
- Sample Size: 2585 for CT in throat; 2562 for CT in rectal; 2579 for GC in throat; 2569 for GC in rectal.
- Key Results:
- Aptima Combo 2 Assay Positivity in Rectal Swab Specimens (All sites):
- CT+/GC+: 2.3% (59/2562)
- CT+/GC-: 6.3% (161/2562)
- CT-/GC+: 5.8% (148/2562)
- Aptima Combo 2 Assay Positivity in Throat Swab Specimens (All sites):
- CT+/GC+: 0.3% (9/2584)
- CT+/GC-: 1.7% (44/2584)
- CT-/GC+: 8.2% (212/2584)
- Aptima Combo 2 Assay Positivity in Rectal Swab Specimens (All sites):
Key Metrics (Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV, etc.)
Aptima Combo 2 Assay Performance Compared to ASIS for Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis:
| Specimen Type | Symptom Status | n | Prev (%) | Sensitivity % (95% CI) | Specificity % (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Throat | All | 2585 | 2.0 | 88.2 (76.6-94.5) | 99.7 (99.4-99.8) |
| Symptomatic | 306 | 2.9 | 100 (70.1-100) | 99.7 (98.1-99.9) | |
| Asymptomatic | 2279 | 1.8 | 85.7 (72.2-93.3) | 99.7 (99.4-99.8) | |
| Rectal | All | 2562 | 8.4 | 91.62 (87.2-94.6) | 98.92 (98.4-99.3) |
| Symptomatic | 190 | 12.6 | 95.83 (79.8-99.3) | 98.83 (95.7-99.7) | |
| Asymptomatic | 2372 | 8.1 | 91.14 (86.2-94.4) | 98.94 (98.4-99.3) |
Aptima Combo 2 Assay Performance Compared to ASIS for Detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae:
| Specimen Type | Symptom Status | n | Prev (%) | Sensitivity % (95% CI) | Specificity % (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Throat | All | 2579 | 7.9 | 96.12 (92.4-98.0) | 98.92 (98.5-99.3) |
| Throat | Symptomatic | 303 | 12.9 | 1003 (91.0-100) | 99.23 (97.3-99.8) |
| Throat | Asymptomatic | 2276 | 7.2 | 95.14 (90.7-97.5) | 98.94 (98.4-99.3) |
| Rectal | All | 2569 | 7.7 | 97.55 (94.2-98.9) | 99.55 (99.1-99.7) |
| Rectal | Symptomatic | 192 | 19.8 | 1006 (90.8-100) | 1006 (97.6-100) |
| Rectal | Asymptomatic | 2377 | 6.7 | 96.97 (92.9-98.6) | 99.47 (99.0-99.7) |
Predicate Device(s)
Aptima Mycoplasma genitalium Assay; DEN180047
Reference Device(s)
Not Found
Predetermined Change Control Plan (PCCP) - All Relevant Information
Not Found
§ 866.3393 Device to detect nucleic acids from non-viral microorganism(s) causing sexually transmitted infections and associated resistance marker(s).
(a)
Identification. A device to detect nucleic acids from non-viral microorganism(s) causing sexually transmitted infections and associated resistance marker(s) is an in vitro diagnostic device intended for the detection and identification of nucleic acids from non-viral microorganism(s) and their associated resistance markers in clinical specimens collected from patients suspected of sexually transmitted infections. The device is intended to aid in the diagnosis of non-viral sexually transmitted infections in conjunction with other clinical and laboratory data. These devices do not provide confirmation of antibiotic susceptibility since mechanisms of resistance may exist that are not detected by the device.(b)
Classification. Class II (special controls). The special controls for this device are:(1) The intended use for the labeling required under § 809.10 of this chapter must include a detailed description of targets the device detects, the results provided to the user, the clinical indications appropriate for test use, and the specific population(s) for which the device is intended.
(2) Any sample collection device used must be FDA-cleared, -approved, or -classified as 510(k) exempt (standalone or as part of a test system) for the collection of specimen types claimed by this device; alternatively, the sample collection device must be cleared in a premarket submission as a part of this device.
(3) The labeling required under § 809.10(b) of this chapter must include:
(i) A detailed device description, including reagents, instruments, ancillary materials, all control elements, and a detailed explanation of the methodology, including all pre-analytical methods for processing of specimens;
(ii) Detailed discussion of the performance characteristics of the device for all claimed specimen types based on analytical studies, including Limit of Detection, inclusivity, cross-reactivity, interfering substances, competitive inhibition, carryover/cross contamination, specimen stability, within lab precision, and reproducibility, as appropriate;
(iii) Detailed descriptions of the test procedure, the interpretation of test results for clinical specimens, and acceptance criteria for any quality control testing;
(iv) Limiting statements indicating that:
(A) A negative test result does not preclude the possibility of infection;
(B) The test results should be interpreted in conjunction with other clinical and laboratory data available to the clinician;
(C) Reliable results are dependent on adequate specimen collection, transport, storage, and processing. Failure to observe proper procedures in any one of these steps can lead to incorrect results; and
(D) If appropriate (
e.g., recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, by current well-accepted clinical guidelines, or by published peer reviewed research), that the clinical performance is inferior in a specific clinical subpopulation or for a specific claimed specimen type; and(v) If the device is intended to detect antimicrobial resistance markers, limiting statements, as appropriate, indicating that:
(A) Negative results for claimed resistance markers do not indicate susceptibility of detected microorganisms, as resistance markers not measured by the assay or other potential mechanisms of antibiotic resistance may be present;
(B) Detection of resistance markers cannot be definitively linked to specific microorganisms and the source of a detected resistance marker may be an organism not detected by the assay, including colonizing flora;
(C) Detection of antibiotic resistance markers may not correlate with phenotypic gene expression; and
(D) Therapeutic failure or success cannot be determined based on the assay results, since nucleic acid may persist following appropriate antimicrobial therapy.
(4) Design verification and validation must include:
(i) Detailed device description documentation, including methodology from obtaining sample to result, design of primer/probe sequences, rationale for target sequence selection, and computational path from collected raw data to reported result (
e.g., how collected raw signals are converted into a reported result).(ii) Detailed documentation of analytical studies, including, Limit of Detection, inclusivity, cross-reactivity, microbial interference, interfering substances, competitive inhibition, carryover/cross contamination, specimen stability, within lab precision, and reproducibility, as appropriate.
(iii) Detailed documentation and performance results from a clinical study that includes prospective (sequential) samples for each claimed specimen type and, when determined to be appropriate by FDA, additional characterized clinical samples. The study must be performed on a study population consistent with the intended use population and compare the device performance to results obtained from FDA accepted comparator methods. Documentation from the clinical studies must include the clinical study protocol (including a predefined statistical analysis plan) study report, testing results, and results of all statistical analyses.
(iv) A detailed description of the impact of any software, including software applications and hardware-based devices that incorporate software, on the device's functions.
0
Image /page/0/Picture/0 description: The image contains the logos of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The Department of Health and Human Services logo is on the left, and the FDA logo is on the right. The FDA logo is a blue square with the letters "FDA" in white, followed by the words "U.S. Food & Drug Administration" in blue.
May 23, 2019
Hologic, Inc. Jeffrey Hergesheimer Regulatory Affairs Manager 10210 Genetic Center Drive San Diego, California 92121
Re: K190515
Trade/Device Name: Aptima Combo 2 Assay (Panther System) Regulation Number: 21 CFR 866.3393 Regulation Name: Device to detect nucleic acids from non-viral microorganism(s) causing sexually transmitted infections and associated resistance marker(s) Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: OEP, LSL, MKZ Dated: February 28, 2019 Received: March 1, 2019
Dear Jeffrey Hergesheimer:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. Although this letter refers to your product as a device, please be aware that some cleared products may instead be combination products. The 510(k) Premarket Notification Database located at https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfpmn/pmn.cfm identifies combination product submissions. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal
1
statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801 and Part 809); medical device reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803) for devices or postmarketing safety reporting (21 CFR 4, Subpart B) for combination products (see https://www.fda.gov/CombinationProducts/GuidanceRegulatoryInformation/ucm597488.html; good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820) for devices or current good manufacturing practices (21 CFR 4, Subpart A) for combination products; and, if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm.
For comprehensive regulatory information about mediation-emitting products, including information about labeling regulations, please see Device Advice (https://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/DeviceRegulationandGuidance/) and CDRH Learn (http://www.fda.gov/Training/CDRHLearn). Additionally, you may contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education (DICE) to ask a question about a specific regulatory topic. See the DICE website (http://www.fda.gov/DICE) for more information or contact DICE by email (DICE@fda.hhs.gov) or phone (1-800-638-2041 or 301-796-7100).
Sincerely,
for
Uwe Scherf, Ph.D. Director Division of Microbiology Devices OHT7: Office of In Vitro Diagnostics and Radiological Health Office of Product Evaluation and Quality Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
2
510(k) SUMMARY Aptima Combo 2 Assay (Panther System)
I. SUBMITTER
Hologic, Inc. 10210 Genetic Center Drive San Diego, CA 92121
| Contact Person: | Jeffrey Hergesheimer, MS, RAC
Regulatory Affairs Manager
Jeffrey.Hergesheimer@Hologic.com
Phone: (858) 410-8536
Fax: (858) 410-5557 |
| ----------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|---|
Date Prepared: February 28, 2019
II. DEVICE
| Proprietary Name of Device: | Aptima Combo 2 Assay (Panther System) |
|---|---|
| Regulation Name: | Device to detect nucleic acids from non-viral microorganism(s) causing sexually transmitted infections and associated resistance marker(s) |
| Regulation Number: | 21 CFR 866.3393 |
| Regulatory Class: | Class II |
| Product Code: | QEP, LSL, MKZ |
III. PREDICATE DEVICE
The predicate device is the Aptima Mycoplasma genitalium Assay; DEN180047, cleared January 23, 2019.
IV. DEVICE DESCRIPTION
Clearance of this pre-market application will add extra-genital (throat and rectal) swab specimens as acceptable specimen types using the Aptima Combo 2 assay on the Panther system.
3
Principles of the Procedure
The Aptima Combo 2 Assay combines the technologies of target capture. Transcription-Mediated Amplification (TMA), and Dual Kinetic Assay (DKA). Specimens are collected and transferred into their respective specimen transport tubes. The transport solutions in these tubes release the rRNA targets and protect them from degradation during storage. When the Aptima Combo 2 Assay is performed in the laboratory, the target rRNA molecules are isolated from specimens by use of capture oligomers via target capture that utilizes magnetic microparticles. The capture oligomers contain sequences complementary to specific regions of the target molecules as well as a string of deoxyadenosine residues. A separate capture oligomer is used for each target. During the hybridization step, the sequence specific regions of the capture oligomers bind to specific regions of the target molecules. The capture oligomer:target complex is then captured out of solution by decreasing the temperature of the reaction to room temperature. This temperature reduction allows hybridization to occur between the deoxyadenosine region on the capture oligomer and the poly-deoxythymidine molecules that are covalently attached to the magnetic particles. The microparticles, including the captured target molecules bound to them, are pulled to the side of the reaction vessel using magnets and the supernatant is aspirated. The particles are washed to remove residual specimen matrix that may contain amplification reaction inhibitors. After the target capture steps are completed, the specimens are ready for amplification.
Target amplification assays are based on the ability of complementary oligonucleotide primers to specifically anneal and allow enzymatic amplification of the target nucleic acid strands. The Aptima Combo 2 Assay replicates a specific region of the 23S rRNA from CT and a specific region of the 16S rRNA from GC via DNA intermediates. A unique set of primers is used for each target molecule. Detection of the rRNA amplification product sequences (amplicon) is achieved using nucleic acid hybridization. Single-stranded chemiluminescent DNA probes, which are complementary to a region of each target amplicon, are labeled with different acridinium ester molecules. The labeled DNA probes combine with amplicon to form stable RNA:DNA hybrids. The Selection Reagent differentiates hybridized from unhybridized probe, eliminating the generation of signal from unhybridized probe. During the detection step, light emitted from the labeled RNA:DNA hybrids is measured as photon signals in a luminometer,
4
and are reported as Relative Light Units (RLU). In DKA, differences in the kinetic profiles of the CT and GC labeled probes allow for the differentiation of signal; kinetic profiles are derived from measurements of photon output during the detection read time. The chemiluminescent detection for CT signal has very rapid kinetics and has the "flasher" kinetic type. The chemiluminescent detection reaction for GC signal is relatively slower and has the "glower" kinetic type. Assay results are determined by a cut-off based on the total RLU and the kinetic curve type.
Assay Components
The reagents required to perform the Aptima Combo 2 assay (Panther System) are available in two kit sizes (100- and 250-tests). The kits are packaged in 3 boxes containing 11 reagents which are required for sample processing. A description of the components that are required to perform the Aptima Combo 2 assay are detailed in Table 1. In addition, there are two ancillary kits required to run the assay (Table 2), and one collection kit utilized for collection of throat and rectal swab specimens (Table 3).
| Box | Components Description |
|---|---|
| 1 | Amplification Reagent |
| Enzyme Reagent | |
| Probe Reagent | |
| Target Capture Reagent B | |
| 2 | Amplification Reconstitution Solution |
| Enzyme Reconstitution Solution | |
| Probe Reconstitution Solution | |
| Selection Reagent | |
| Target Capture Reagent | |
| 3 | Aptima Positive Control CT/Neg Control GC |
| Aptima Positive Control GC/Neg Control CT |
Table 1: Reagents Required to Perform the Aptima Combo 2 Assay
5
Table 2: Ancillary Kits Required to Perform the Aptima Combo 2 Assay Aptima Assay Fluids Kit Aptima Auto Detect Reagents Kit
Table 3: Specimen Collection Kit Required for Collection of Throat and Rectal Swab Specimens
Aptima Multitest Swab Specimen Collection Kit
Instrumentation
The Aptima Combo 2 assay has been designed for and validated on the Panther system. The Panther system is an integrated hardware and software system that together with the Aptima Combo 2 assay fully automates all the steps necessary to perform the assay from sample preparation through amplification of nucleic acid, detection, data reduction and amplicon inactivation.
V. INDICATIONS FOR USE
Intended Use
The Aptima Combo 2® Assay is a target amplification nucleic acid probe test that utilizes target capture for the in vitro qualitative detection and differentiation of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) from Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and/or Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) to aid in the diagnosis of chlamydial and/or gonococcal disease using the Panther® System as specified.
On the Panther System, the assay may be used to test the following specimens from symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals: clinician-collected endocervical, vaginal, throat, rectal and male urethral swab specimens, clinician-collected gynecological specimens collected in the PreservCyt® Solution, patient-collected vaginal swab specimens, and female and male urine specimens.
1 Patient-collected vaginal swab specimens are an option for screening women when a pelvic exam is not otherwise indicated. The Aptima Multitest Swab Specimen Collection Kit has not been evaluated for home use.
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VI. COMPARISON OF TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS WITH THE PREDICATE DEVICE
A comparison of the Aptima Combo 2 assay (Panther System) with the addition of the extragenital specimen types to the predicate device, Aptima Mycoplasma genitalium Assay (DEN180047; January 23, 2019), is summarized in Table 4 (similarities) and Table 5 (differences).
| Item | Predicate Device
Aptima Mycoplasma genitalium
Assay
(DEN180047) | Subject Device
Aptima Combo 2 Assay (Panther) |
|--------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------|
| Technology Principle
of Operation | Target Capture (TC), Transcription-
Mediated Amplification (TMA),
Hybridization Protection Assay (HPA) | Same |
| Platform | Automated Panther System | Same |
| Assay Results | Qualitative | Same |
| Table 4: Similarities Between Predicate Device and Subject Device | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Item | Aptima Mycoplasma genitalium Assay
(Predicate Device) | Aptima Combo 2 Assay (Panther)
(Subject Device) |
|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Intended Use | The Aptima Mycoplasma genitalium assay is an in vitro nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) for the qualitative detection of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) from Mycoplasma genitalium on the fully automated Panther system. It is intended for use as an aid in the diagnosis of M. genitalium urogenital infections in male and female patients suspected of M. genitalium infection.
The assay may be used to test the following specimens: clinician-collected and self-collected vaginal swabs (in a clinical setting), clinician-collected endocervical swabs, female and male urine, clinician-collected male urethral swabs, and self-collected penile meatal swabs (in | The Aptima Combo 2 Assay is a target amplification nucleic acid probe test that utilizes target capture for the in vitro qualitative detection and differentiation of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) from Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and/or Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) to aid in the diagnosis of chlamydial and/or gonococcal disease using the Panther System as specified.
On the Panther System, the assay may be used to test the following specimens from symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals: clinician-collected endocervical, vaginal, throat, rectal and male urethral swab specimens, clinician-collected gynecological specimens collected in the PreservCyt Solution, patient-collected vaginal |
| Item | Aptima Mycoplasma genitalium Assay
(Predicate Device) | Aptima Combo 2 Assay (Panther)
(Subject Device) |
| | a clinical setting).
For females, a vaginal swab is the preferred specimen type due to higher clinical sensitivity for detecting M. genitalium than other specimen types; however, female urine or clinician-collected endocervical swabs may be used as alternative specimens when vaginal swab specimens are not available. If female urine or clinician-collected endocervical swab specimens test negative, testing with a vaginal swab may be indicated, if M. genitalium infection is suspected. | swab specimens, 1 and female and male urine specimens.
1Patient-collected vaginal swab specimens are an option for screening women when a pelvic exam is not otherwise indicated. The Aptima Multitest Swab Specimen Collection Kit has not been evaluated for home use. |
| Specimen Types | Female specimens:
• Vaginal swab
• Endocervical swab
• Urine
Male Specimens:
• Penile meatal swab
• Urethral swab
• Urine | Female specimens:
• Vaginal swab
• Endocervical swab
• Gynecological specimens in PreservCyt solution
• Urine
• Throat swab
• Rectal swab
Male Specimens:
• Urethral swab
• Urine
• Throat swab
• Rectal swab |
| Assay Targets | Mycoplasma genitalium rRNA | Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and/or Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) rRNA |
| Function | Detection of rRNA from Mycoplasma genitalium | Detection and differentiation of rRNA from Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
Table 5: Differences Between Predicate Device and Subject Device
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8
VII. PERFORMANCE DATA
The following performance data were provided in support of the substantial equivalence determination.
Brief Description of Analytical (Non-Clinical) Studies
The following analytical studies (non-clinical) were conducted to support the clearance of the Aptima Combo 2 assay on the Panther system with the two new clinical specimen types throat and rectal swabs.
Limit of Detection (LoD)
The 95% limit of detection for the extra-genital swabs with the Aptima Combo 2 Assay was determined for throat and rectal swabs. Two CT Serovars (E and G) and two clinical GC isolates were spiked into pools of these swabs. The panels were tested on two Panther Systems using one reagent lot in replicates of at least 20 over eight days.
The 95% limit of detection for throat and rectal swabs was 0.007 IFU/mL for CT. The 95% limit of detection for throat and rectal swabs was 0.10 CFU/mL for GC.
9
Cross-Reactivity
To evaluate if various non-targeted microbes, which may be found in extra-genital specimens, cross-react or interfere with the sensitivity and specificity of the AC2 assay. Results demonstrated that presence of the microorganisms in Table 6 did not interfere with the detection of CT and GC, and did not generate a positive result in the absence of CT and GC.
| Organism | Organism | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| Adenovirus | Eggerthella lenta | Metapneumo virus |
| Anaerococcus spp. | Entamoeba histolytica | Moraxella catarrhalis |
| Arcanobacterium haemolyticum | Enterovirus | Mycoplasma pneumoniae |
| Bacteroides oralis | Epstein-Barr Virus | Norovirus |
| Bordetella parapertussis | Fusobacterium necrophorum | Peptostreptococcus micros |
| Bordetella pertussis | Giardia lamblia | Prevotella spp. |
| Burkholderia cepacia | Haemophilus parahaemolyticus | Respiratory syncytial virus |
| Campylobacter rectus | Haemophilus parainfluenzae | Rhinovirus |
| Citrobacter koseri | Helicobacter pylori | Shigella dysenteriae |
| Clostridioides difficile | Hepatitis B Virus | Shigella flexneri |
| Coronavirus | Hepatitis C Virus | Shigella sonnei |
| Corynebacterium diphtheriae | Human influenza virus A | Stenotrophomonas maltophilia |
| Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum | Human influenza virus B | Streptococcus anginosus group |
| Coxsackie Virus | Legionella jordanis | Veillonella parvula |
| Echovirus | Legionella micdadei | Veillonella parvula |
Table 6: Cross-Reactivity Microorganisms for Throat and Rectal Specimens
Interfering Substances
The following interfering substances were individually spiked into STM and tested on the Panther System: cold sore medication, lip balm, hemorrhoidal cream, human feces, cough suppressant, toothpaste, mouthwash, laxative suppository, anti-diarrheal medication, and antacid. All were tested for potential assay interference in the absence and presence of CT and GC slightly above the limit of detection.
10
Brief Description of Clinical Study
Clinical testing of the Aptima Combo 2 assay on the Panther system included performance testing in rectal swab and throat swab specimens.
A multicenter study was conducted using prospectively-collected rectal swab and throat swab samples from adult (≥18 years) participants seeking STI testing, with or without symptoms of STIs, who were attending participating US medical facilities. Nine (9) participating US STI screening and management, family planning, student health, women's health, and HIV management clinics, and clinics focusing on the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) population enrolled 2767 symptomatic and asymptomatic men and women.
Up to eight specimens were collected by the clinician from each subject: 4 rectal swabs and 4 throat swabs, collected in a randomized order. One swab of each specimen type was tested with the Aptima Combo 2 assay. The remaining rectal swab and throat swab specimens were tested with up to three reference NAATs – cleared for the detection of urogenital CT/GC infection and validated for use in rectal swab and throat swab specimens – to establish the anatomic site infected status (ASIS) for each specimen type-organism combination for each subject. The ASIS was determined based on results from testing the same sample type. Subjects were categorized as infected if a positive result occurred in at least two reference NAATs, and as not infected if at least 2 of the reference results were negative; the third (tie-breaker) reference was only required if the first 2 reference results were discordant.
The clinical performance of the Aptima Combo 2 assay was evaluated against the ASIS for each specimen type-organism combination; sensitivity and specificity were calculated for each specimen type for CT and GC separately, along with corresponding 2-sided 95% CIs.
Of the 2767 subjects enrolled. 8 did not complete the collection visit and had no specimens sent for testing, 167 had samples tested but were excluded due to temperature excursions that compromised specimen integrity, and 1 had no samples tested in error. Of the 2591 nonexcluded subjects that had at least one sample type tested, the following samples were excluded from performance analyses: 6 throat samples were excluded from evaluations of CT
11
performance, 12 throat samples were excluded from evaluations of GC performance, 29 rectal samples were excluded from evaluations of CT performance, and 22 rectal swab samples were excluded from evaluations of GC performance. Table 7 shows the demographic of evaluable subjects.
| Total, N | 2591 | |
|---|---|---|
| Age, years | ||
| Mean ± SD | 33.8 ± 11.74 | |
| Median | 30.0 | |
| Range | 18-76 | |
| Age category (years), n (%) | ||
| 18-20 | 181 (7.0) | |
| 21-25 | 565 (21.8) | |
| >25 | 1845 (71.2 | |
| Sex, n (%) | ||
| Female | 538 (20.8) | |
| Male | 2053 (79.2) | |
| Symptom Status (Rectal), n (%) | ||
| Asymptomatic | 2396 (92.5) | |
| Symptomatic | 195 (7.5) | |
| Symptom Status (Throat), n (%) | ||
| Asymptomatic | 2285 (88.2) | |
| Symptomatic | 306 (11.8) |
Table 7: Summary of Demographics of Evaluable Subjects
The CT+/GC-, CT-/GC+, and CT+/GC+ positivity rates were calculated for each anatomic site for subjects with valid, non-equivocal Aptima Combo 2 assay results for each specimen type (see Table 8 and Table 9). Performance characteristics were calculated overall and by symptom status for CT (see Table 10) and GC (see Table 11).
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| Collection
Site | % Positivity (# positive/# tested)
CT+/GC+ | % Positivity (# positive/# tested)
CT+/GC- | % Positivity (# positive/# tested)
CT-/GC+ |
|--------------------|-----------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------|
| All | 2.3 (59/2562) | 6.3 (161/2562) | 5.8 (148/2562) |
| 1 | 2.1 (3/141) | 10.6 (15/141) | 6.4 (9/141) |
| 2 | 0.4 (1/223) | 6.3 (14/223) | 1.3 (3/223) |
| 3 | 3.4 (12/357) | 4.5 (16/357) | 4.5 (16/357) |
| 4 | 0.0 (0/110) | 1.8 (2/110) | 0.9 (1/110) |
| 5 | 2.4 (8/332) | 4.2 (14/332) | 3.6 (12/332) |
| 6 | 0.8 (3/395) | 2.5 (10/395) | 5.8 (23/395) |
| 7 | 3.4 (10/290) | 5.5 (16/290) | 5.5 (16/290) |
| 8 | 1.6 (6/366) | 10.9 (40/366) | 6.3 (23/366) |
| 9 | 4.6 (16/348) | 9.8 (34/348) | 12.9 (45/348) |
| Table 8: Aptima Combo 2 Assay Positivity in Rectal Swab Specimens | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | -- | -- | -- |
CT = Chlamydia trachomatis, GC = Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
| Table 9: Aptima Combo 2 Assav Positivity in Throat Swab Specimens | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ------------------------------------------------------------------- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Collection
| Site | % Positivity (# positive/# tested) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| CT+/GC+ | CT+/GC- | CT-/GC+ | |
| All | 0.3 (9/2584) | 1.7 (44/2584) | 8.2 (212/2584) |
| 1 | 0.0 (0/143) | 2.8 (4/143) | 9.8 (14/143) |
| 2 | 0.0 (0/225) | 0.4 (1/225) | 1.3 (3/225) |
| 3 | 0.3 (1/363) | 0.8 (3/363) | 5.5 (20/363) |
| 4 | 0.0 (0/112) | 0.9 (1/112) | 1.8 (2/112) |
| 5 | 0.6 (2/333) | 1.5 (5/333) | 4.5 (15/333) |
| 6 | 0.3 (1/398) | 1.0 (4/398) | 7.8 (31/398) |
| 7 | 0.3 (1/288) | 1.7 (5/288) | 9.7 (28/288) |
| 8 | 0.3 (1/367) | 4.1 (15/367) | 10.4 (38/367) |
| 9 | 0.8 (3/355) | 1.7 (6/355) | 17.2 (61/355) |
CT = Chlamydia trachomatis, GC = Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
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| Specimen
Type | Symptom
Status | n | TP | FP | TN | FN | Prev
(%) | Sensitivity %
(95% CI)1 | Specificity %
(95% CI)1 |
|------------------|-------------------|------|-----|----|------|----|-------------|----------------------------|----------------------------|
| Throat | All | 2585 | 45 | 8 | 2526 | 6 | 2.0 | 88.2 (76.6-94.5) | 99.7 (99.4-99.8) |
| | Symptomatic | 306 | 9 | 1 | 296 | 0 | 2.9 | 100 (70.1-100) | 99.7 (98.1-99.9) |
| | Asymptomatic | 2279 | 36 | 7 | 2230 | 6 | 1.8 | 85.7 (72.2-93.3) | 99.7 (99.4-99.8) |
| Rectal | All | 2562 | 197 | 25 | 2322 | 18 | 8.4 | 91.62 (87.2-94.6) | 98.92 (98.4-99.3) |
| | Symptomatic | 190 | 23 | 2 | 164 | 1 | 12.6 | 95.83 (79.8-99.3) | 98.83 (95.7-99.7) |
| | Asymptomatic | 2372 | 174 | 23 | 2158 | 17 | 8.1 | 91.14 (86.2-94.4) | 98.94 (98.4-99.3) |
Table 10: Aptima Combo 2 Assay Performance Compared to ASIS for Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis
ASIS = anatomic site infected status, Prev = prevalence
Note: Symptomatic status refers to the anatomic site-specific symptomatic status.
1 Score CI.
2 Equivocal results excluded; the percent of eaults is 0.4% (102572). If all equivocal results are considered discordant results (e.g., false positive or false negative), Sensitivity = 89.5% (197/220), 95% C1: 84.8% - 92.9% (232/2352), 95% C1: 98.2% - 99.1%.
3 Equivocal results excluded; the percent of equivocal results are considered discordant results (e.g., false positive of false negative), Sensitivity = 95.8% (23/24), 95% CI: 79.8% - 99.3% and Specificity = 98.2% (164/167), 95% CI: 94.9% - 99.4%.
4 Equivocal results excluded; the percent of equivocal results are considered discordant results (e.g., false positive or false negative), Sensitivity = 88.8% (174/196), 95% C1: 83.6% - 92.5% and Specificity = 98.8% (2158/2185), 95% C1: 98.2% - 99.1%.
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| Specimen
Type | Symptom
Status | n | TP | FP | TN | FN | Prev
(%) | Sensitivity %
(95% CI)1 | Specificity %
(95% CI)1 |
|------------------|-------------------|------|-----|----|------|----|-------------|----------------------------|----------------------------|
| Throat | All | 2579 | 195 | 25 | 2351 | 8 | 7.9 | 96.12 (92.4-98.0) | 98.92 (98.5-99.3) |
| Throat | Symptomatic | 303 | 39 | 2 | 262 | 0 | 12.9 | 1003 (91.0-100) | 99.23 (97.3-99.8) |
| Throat | Asymptomatic | 2276 | 156 | 23 | 2089 | 8 | 7.2 | 95.14 (90.7-97.5) | 98.94 (98.4-99.3) |
| Rectal | All | 2569 | 192 | 13 | 2359 | 5 | 7.7 | 97.55 (94.2-98.9) | 99.55 (99.1-99.7) |
| Rectal | Symptomatic | 192 | 38 | 0 | 154 | 0 | 19.8 | 1006 (90.8-100) | 1006 (97.6-100) |
| Rectal | Asymptomatic | 2377 | 154 | 13 | 2205 | 5 | 6.7 | 96.97 (92.9-98.6) | 99.47 (99.0-99.7) |
Table 11: Aptima Combo 2 Assay Performance Compared to ASIS for Detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae
ASIS = anatomic site infected status, Prev = prevalence
Note: Symptomatic status refers to the anatomic site-specific symptomatic status.
1 Score CI.
2 Equivocal results excluded; the percent of equivocal results are considered discordant results (e.g., false positive or false negative). Sensitivity = 96.1% (195/203). 95% CI: 92.0% and Specificity = 98.8% (2351/2379). 95% CI: 98.3%.
3 Equivocal results excluded; the percent of equivocal results are considered discordant results (e.g., false positive or false negative), Sensitivity = 100% (39/39), 95% C1: 91.0% and Specificity = 98.5% (262/266), 95% C1: 96.2% - 99.4%.
4 Equivocal results excluded; the percent of equivocal results are considered discontant results (e.g., false positive or false negative), Sensitivity = 95.1% (156/164), 95% C1: 90.7% - 97.5% and Specificity = 98.9% (2089/2113), 95% C1: 98.3% - 99.2%.
5 Equivocal results excluded; the percent of equivocal results are considered discordant results (e.g., false positive or false negative), Sensitivity = 96.5% (192199), 95% C1: 92.9% - 98.3% and Specificity = 99.3% (2359/2375), 95% - 99.6%.
" Equivocal results excluded the percents is 0.5% (1/193). If all equivocal results are considered discordant results (e.g. false positive of false negative), Sensitivity = 97.4% (38/39), 95% CI: 86.8% - 99.5% and Specificity = 100% (154/154), 95% CI: 97.6% - 100%.
7 Equivocal results excluded; the percent of equivocal results are considered discordant results (e.g., false positive or false negative), Sensitivity = 96.3% (154/160), 95% C1: 98.3% and Specificity = 99.3% (2005/221), 55% C1: 98.9% - 99.6%.
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VIII. CONCLUSIONS
The analytical and clinical study results demonstrate that the Aptima Combo 2 assay on the Panther system performs comparably to the predicate device in detecting non-viral microorganisms that cause sexually transmitted infections and support a substantial equivalence decision.