(168 days)
No
The description focuses on the hardware, microfluidics, and electrochemical detection technology. The software processes raw data and determines results based on established principles of nucleic acid testing, not AI/ML algorithms. There is no mention of AI, ML, or related concepts in the document.
No.
This device is an automated in vitro diagnostic (IVD) device designed to perform multiplexed nucleic acid tests for the simultaneous detection and identification of nucleic acid targets, not to treat or alleviate a disease.
Yes
Explanation: The "Intended Use / Indications for Use" section explicitly states, "The ePlex Instrument is an automated in vitro diagnostic (IVD) device..." This directly indicates its diagnostic purpose.
No
The device description clearly outlines multiple hardware components including a base with a PC, towers, bays, a touchscreen GUI, and components for processing cartridges and performing nucleic acid testing. While software is mentioned as part of the system, it is integral to and dependent on the described hardware.
Yes, the ePlex Instrument is an IVD (In Vitro Diagnostic) device.
Here's why:
- Explicit Statement in Intended Use: The very first sentence of the "Intended Use / Indications for Use" section clearly states: "The ePlex Instrument is an automated in vitro diagnostic (IVD) device..."
- Functionality: The device is designed to perform multiplexed nucleic acid tests for the detection and identification of nucleic acid targets. This process involves analyzing biological samples in vitro (outside of the living body) to provide diagnostic information.
- Processing of Biological Samples: The description details how the device handles biological samples, including nucleic acid extraction, amplification, and hybridization. These are all key steps in in vitro diagnostic testing.
- Use with IVD Cartridges: The device is specifically designed to work with "single-use cartridges developed and manufactured by GenMark Diagnostics, Inc." which are themselves intended for diagnostic use.
- Generation of Test Results: The instrument software processes raw data and "determines the test result," which is the output of a diagnostic test.
The document consistently describes the ePlex Instrument as a device used for performing diagnostic tests on biological samples, aligning perfectly with the definition of an In Vitro Diagnostic device.
N/A
Intended Use / Indications for Use
The ePlex Instrument is an automated in vitro diagnostic (IVD) device designed to perform multiplexed nucleic acid tests for the simultaneous detection and identification of nucleic acid targets by processing single-use cartridges developed and manufactured by GenMark Diagnostics, Inc.
Product codes
NSU
Device Description
The ePlex® Instrument is used to run single-use assay cartridges that incorporate digital microfluidics and GenMark's eSensor® detection technology (used by products that are currently FDA-cleared: K073720 and K090901) to automate all aspects of nucleic acid testing. The ePlex Instrument is designed to: provide a nucleic acid amplification testing solution directly from various sample types, provide random access testing capability, and require minimal operator interaction.
The ePlex Instrument includes the following components:
- . Base: A touchscreen graphical user interface (GUI) powered by a PC with a Windows Operating System 7. The base communicates with the bays to transfer data. The instrument software installed on the ePlex base processes the raw data generated by the individual bays and determines the test result.
- Tower: A chassis housing six bays. ePlex is scalable from one to four towers . connected to either side of the base.
- . Bay: 6 bays are housed in each tower. Each bay will accept cartridges independent of the testing status of the other bays allowing for random access testing. Each bay has an Ethernet port for communication with the base unit to receive user inputs and deliver test data to the ePlex Instrument software.
The touchscreen graphical user interface (GUI) is flanked on either side by a tower with six bays containing a slot for the cartridge and an LED to indicate bay status (in-use or available for use). The instrument is designed to be scalable with configurations to accommodate a single tower with 6 bays or up to four towers with 24 bays.
The ePlex system is used to run multiplex microarray-based assays developed by GenMark. This type of assay is based on the principles of competitive nucleic acid hybridization using a sandwich assay format, wherein a single-stranded target binds concurrently to a sequencespecific solution-phase signal probe and a solid-phase electrode-bound capture probe. The test employs nucleic acid extraction, target amplification via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and hybridization of target DNA. In the process, the double-stranded PCR amplicons are digested with exonuclease to generate single-stranded DNA suitable for hybridization.
Nucleic acid extraction from biological samples occurs within the cartridge via cell lysis, nucleic acid capture onto magnetic beads, and release for amplification. The nucleic acid extraction is processed through microfluidic liquid handling. Once the nucleic acid targets are captured and inhibitors are washed away, the magnetic particles are delivered to the electrowetting environment on the printed circuit board (PCB) and the targets are eluted from the particles and amplified.
During hybridization, the single-stranded target DNA binds to a complementary, singlestranded capture probe immobilized on the working gold electrode surface. Single-stranded signal probes (labeled with electrochemically active ferrocenes) bind to specific target sequence / region adjacent to the capture probe. Simultaneous hybridization of target to signal probes and capture probe is detected by alternating current voltammetry (ACV). Each working electrode on the array contains specific capture probes, and sequential analysis of each electrode allows detection of multiple analyte targets.
Mentions image processing
Not Found
Mentions AI, DNN, or ML
Not Found
Input Imaging Modality
Not Found
Anatomical Site
Not Found
Indicated Patient Age Range
Not Found
Intended User / Care Setting
Not Found
Description of the training set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
Not Found
Description of the test set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
Not Found
Summary of Performance Studies (study type, sample size, AUC, MRMC, standalone performance, key results)
Performance of the ePlex Instrument was evaluated in a reproducibility study using the GenMark ePlex Respiratory Pathogen (RP) Panel. GenMark will submit a traditional 510(k) for the ePlex RP Panel that will be used with the ePlex Instrument. Complete non-clinical and clinical performance data will be included in the traditional 510(k) for the ePlex RP Panel.
The reproducibility study utilized samples prepared as a panel at moderate (3x LoD), low (1x LoD) and negative. The study was conducted at three separate testing sites with different ePlex instruments, by multiple operators performing runs over several days. Run validity, agreement, and variability were analyzed. Acceptance criteria were established in advance of conducting the study and all acceptance criteria were met.
Key Metrics (Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV, etc.)
Not Found
Predicate Device(s)
BioFire Diagnostics FilmArray 2.0
Reference Device(s)
Predetermined Change Control Plan (PCCP) - All Relevant Information
Not Found
§ 862.2570 Instrumentation for clinical multiplex test systems.
(a)
Identification. Instrumentation for clinical multiplex test systems is a device intended to measure and sort multiple signals generated by an assay from a clinical sample. This instrumentation is used with a specific assay to measure multiple similar analytes that establish a single indicator to aid in diagnosis. Such instrumentation may be compatible with more than one specific assay. The device includes a signal reader unit, and may also integrate reagent handling, hybridization, washing, dedicated instrument control, and other hardware components, as well as raw data storage mechanisms, data acquisition software, and software to process detected signals.(b)
Classification. Class II (special controls). The device is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 862.9. The special control is FDA's guidance document entitled “Class II Special Controls Guidance Document: Instrumentation for Clinical Multiplex Test Systems.” See § 862.1(d) for the availability of this guidance document.
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Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Document Control Center - WO66-G609 Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002
June 9, 2017
GENMARK DIAGNOSTICS, INCORPORATED ALAN MADERAZO, Ph.D., RAC VP OF QUALITY, REGULATORY & CLINICAL AFFAIRS 5964 La PLACE COURT CARLSBAD CA 92008
Re: K163652
Trade/Device Name: ePlex Instrument Regulation Number: 21 CFR 862.2570 Regulation Name: Instrumentation for clinical multiplex test systems Regulatory Class: II Product Code: NSU Dated: May 8, 2017 Received: May 9, 2017
Dear Dr. Maderazo:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Parts 801 and 809); medical device reporting (reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (OS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
1
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulations (21 CFR Parts 801 and 809), please contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education at its toll-free number (800) 638 2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Resourcesfor You/Industry/default.htm. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm for the CDRH's Office of Surveillance and Biometrics/Division of Postmarket Surveillance.
You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Industry and Consumer Education at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/ResourcesforYou/Industry/default.htm.
Sincerely yours.
Stephen J. Lovell -S for
Uwe Scherf, M.Sc., Ph.D. Director Division of Microbiology Devices Office of In Vitro Diagnostics and Radiological Health Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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Indications for Use
510(k) Number (if known) K163652
Device Name ePlex® Instrument
Indications for Use (Describe)
The ePlex Instrument is an automated in vitro diagnostic (IVD) device designed to perform multiplexed nucleic acid tests for the simultaneous detection and identification of nucleic acid targets by processing single-use cartridges developed and manufactured by GenMark Diagnostics, Inc.
| Type of Use (Select one or both, as applicable) | |
|---|---|
| Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D) | Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C) |
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510(k) Summary
Summary of Information to Support Substantial Equivalence to Predicate Device
Submitter Information
| Submitter: | GenMark Diagnostics, Incorporated
5964 La Place Court
Carlsbad, CA 92008 |
|------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Manufacturer: | GenMark Diagnostics, Incorporated
5964 La Place Court
Carlsbad, CA 92008 |
| Establishment Registration Number: | 3008632402 |
| Contact: | Alan Maderazo, Ph.D., RAC
Vice President, Quality, Regulatory and Clinical Affairs |
| Phone: | 760-448-4308 |
| Fax: | 760-683-6961 |
| E-mail: | Al.Maderazo@genmarkdx.com |
| Alternate Contact: | Joseph McMullen
Consultant, Regulatory Affairs |
| Phone: | 760-410-5052 |
| Fax: | 760-683-6961 |
| E-mail: | Joseph.McMullen@genmarkdx.com |
| Date Prepared: | December 21, 2016 |
Name of Device and Classification
| Product Name: | ePlex® Instrument |
|---|---|
| Device Classification: | 862.2570, Instrumentation for clinical multiplex test systems, Class II |
| Product Code: | NSU, Instrumentation for Clinical Multiplex Test Systems. |
Predicate Device
| Predicate: | BioFire Diagnostics FilmArray 2.0 |
|---|---|
| ------------ | ----------------------------------- |
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Device Description
The ePlex® Instrument is used to run single-use assay cartridges that incorporate digital microfluidics and GenMark's eSensor® detection technology (used by products that are currently FDA-cleared: K073720 and K090901) to automate all aspects of nucleic acid testing. The ePlex Instrument is designed to: provide a nucleic acid amplification testing solution directly from various sample types, provide random access testing capability, and require minimal operator interaction.
The ePlex Instrument includes the following components:
- . Base: A touchscreen graphical user interface (GUI) powered by a PC with a Windows Operating System 7. The base communicates with the bays to transfer data. The instrument software installed on the ePlex base processes the raw data generated by the individual bays and determines the test result.
- Tower: A chassis housing six bays. ePlex is scalable from one to four towers . connected to either side of the base.
- . Bay: 6 bays are housed in each tower. Each bay will accept cartridges independent of the testing status of the other bays allowing for random access testing. Each bay has an Ethernet port for communication with the base unit to receive user inputs and deliver test data to the ePlex Instrument software.
The touchscreen graphical user interface (GUI) is flanked on either side by a tower with six bays containing a slot for the cartridge and an LED to indicate bay status (in-use or available for use). The instrument is designed to be scalable with configurations to accommodate a single tower with 6 bays or up to four towers with 24 bays.
The ePlex system is used to run multiplex microarray-based assays developed by GenMark. This type of assay is based on the principles of competitive nucleic acid hybridization using a sandwich assay format, wherein a single-stranded target binds concurrently to a sequencespecific solution-phase signal probe and a solid-phase electrode-bound capture probe. The test employs nucleic acid extraction, target amplification via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and hybridization of target DNA. In the process, the double-stranded PCR amplicons are digested with exonuclease to generate single-stranded DNA suitable for hybridization.
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Nucleic acid extraction from biological samples occurs within the cartridge via cell lysis, nucleic acid capture onto magnetic beads, and release for amplification. The nucleic acid extraction is processed through microfluidic liquid handling. Once the nucleic acid targets are captured and inhibitors are washed away, the magnetic particles are delivered to the electrowetting environment on the printed circuit board (PCB) and the targets are eluted from the particles and amplified.
During hybridization, the single-stranded target DNA binds to a complementary, singlestranded capture probe immobilized on the working gold electrode surface. Single-stranded signal probes (labeled with electrochemically active ferrocenes) bind to specific target sequence / region adjacent to the capture probe. Simultaneous hybridization of target to signal probes and capture probe is detected by alternating current voltammetry (ACV). Each working electrode on the array contains specific capture probes, and sequential analysis of each electrode allows detection of multiple analyte targets.
Intended Use/Indications for Use
The ePlex Instrument is an automated in vitro diagnostic (IVD) device designed to perform multiplexed nucleic acid tests for the simultaneous detection and identification of nucleic acid targets by processing single-use cartridges developed and manufactured by GenMark Diagnostics, Inc.
Summary of Technological Characteristics of the Device Compared to the Predicate Device
The GenMark ePlex Instrument ("Subject Device") and the legally marketed device, BioFire FilmArray 2.0 ("Predicate Device") are described below:
| Characteristic | Proposed Device | Predicate Device |
|---|---|---|
| Product Name | ePlex Instrument | FilmArray 2.0 |
| Manufacturer | GenMark Diagnostics | BioFire Diagnostics |
| Regulation | 862.2570 | |
| Instrumentation for clinical multiplex | ||
| test systems | 862.2570 | |
| Instrumentation for clinical multiplex | ||
| test systems | ||
| Product Code | NSU: Instrumentation for Clinical | |
| Multiplex Test Systems | NSU: Instrumentation for Clinical | |
| Multiplex Test Systems | ||
| Device Class | Class II | Class II |
| Characteristic | Proposed Device | Predicate Device |
| Intended Use | The ePlex Instrument is an automated | |
| in vitro diagnostic (IVD) device | ||
| designed to perform multiplexed | ||
| nucleic acid tests for the simultaneous | ||
| detection and identification of nucleic | ||
| acid targets by processing single-use | ||
| cartridges developed and | ||
| manufactured by GenMark | ||
| Diagnostics, Inc. | The FilmArray 2.0 is an automated in | |
| in vitro diagnostic (IVD) device designed | ||
| for use with FilmArray panels. The | ||
| FilmArray 2.0 is intended for use in | ||
| combination with assay specific | ||
| reagent pouches to detect multiple | ||
| nucleic acid targets contained in | ||
| clinical specimens. The FilmArray 2.0 | ||
| instrument interacts with the reagent | ||
| pouch to both purify nucleic acids and | ||
| amplify targeted nucleic acid | ||
| sequences using nested multiplex PCR | ||
| in a closed system. The resulting PCR | ||
| products are evaluated using DNA | ||
| melting analysis. The software | ||
| automatically determines the results | ||
| and provides a test report. |
The FilmArray 2.0 is composed of one
to eight instruments connected to a
computer running FilmArray 2.0
software, which controls the function
of each instrument and collects,
analyzes, and stores data generated by
each instrument. |
| Assays | For use with FDA cleared GenMark
developed panels including
Respiratory Panel (RP). | For use with FDA cleared FilmArray
panels:
Respiratory Panel (RP)
Blood Culture Identification (BCID)
Panel Gastrointestinal (GI) Panel |
| Protocol
Processing Steps | Cell disruption, nucleic acid
extraction, RT-PCR, single stranding
and signal detection | Cell disruption, nucleic acid extraction,
PCR1 thermocycling, PCR2
thermocycling, DNA melt and signal
detection. |
| Time to result | Approximately 90 minutes (depends
on ePlex assay cartridge) | Approximately 1 hour per sample |
| Technological
Principles | Multiplex nucleic acid amplification
(including reverse transcription as
appropriate) utilizing GenMark
proprietary electrowetting technology,
followed by detection of analyte
targets utilizing GenMark proprietary
eSensor® technology. | Nested multiplex nucleic acid
amplification (including reverse
transcription as appropriate) followed
by high-resolution melting analysis to
confirm the identity of the amplified
product. |
| Required
Accessory | GenMark ePlex Cartridge (aka
"consumable" or "assay cartridge"),
and barcode scanner | FilmArray Reagent Pouch |
| Sample
Preparation
Method | Minimal sample processing and
hands-on time. | Minimal sample processing and hands-
on time. |
| Test
Interpretation | Automated test interpretation and
report generation. User cannot access | Automated test interpretation and
report generation. User cannot access
raw data. Report can be printed. |
| Characteristic
and Results
Reporting | Proposed Device | Predicate Device |
| | raw data. Report can be printed,
exported or sent to an LIS. | |
| User Interface | Touch-screen base unit with
integrated PC on a Windows
operating system. | FilmArray unit(s) plugged into a
standalone PC operated on a Windows
operating system. |
| User Complexity | Moderate | Moderate |
| Detection
Procedure | Cyclic voltammetry on custom PCB | Complimentary metal-oxide
semiconductor (CMOS) camera
Hard-coated filters. |
| Detection
Chemistries | Complimentary nucleic acid binding
with ferrocene labeled probes | Melt curve analysis. Fluorescent
imaging of PCR reactions. |
| Instrument-
Software
Communication | Communication travels via Ethernet
cable/port. | Communication travels via Ethernet
cable/port.
Communication for multiple
instruments mediated by a multi-port
switch. |
| Device
Configuration | A base unit containing an integrated
PC; with onscreen key board and
touch screen operation, and
detachable barcode scanner and
magnetic arm rest. Designed to
support external keyboard and mouse.
System is configurable with 1 to 4
towers; each tower contains 6 bays.
Towers are attached to the left and
right sides of the base, a maximum of
2 towers may be attached to each side.
Printer provided with System and
optional Universal Power Supply
(UPS) offered.
Each bay has single-sample test
capacity.
Random-access multi-sample test
capacity per system. | Up to eight FilmArray 2.0 instruments
to one computer with mouse, barcode
scanner and pouch loading station.
Single-sample test capacity per
instrument with random-access multi-
sample test capacity per system.
Printer Provided with System.
Interlocking two-instrument racks
available to stack instruments and
reduce system footprint. (Optional)
Instrument held at 0° angle when no
rack is used. Instrument held at 15°
angle on the rack. |
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Analysis of the similarities and differences indicate that the devices are substantially equivalent in their intended uses/indications for use, and are generally the same regarding user process, ease of use and general operator protocol. Comparison of technological similarities and differences between the proposed device and the predicate do not raise new or different questions of safety and effectiveness, and therefore render the proposed device as substantially equivalent to the predicate device. Comparison of device performance characteristics will be included in each respective GenMark assay 510(k).
Summary of Performance Data
Performance of the ePlex Instrument was evaluated in a reproducibility study using the GenMark ePlex Respiratory Pathogen (RP) Panel. GenMark will submit a traditional 510(k) for the ePlex RP Panel that will be used with the ePlex Instrument. Complete non-clinical and clinical performance data will be included in the traditional 510(k) for the ePlex RP Panel.
The reproducibility study utilized samples prepared as a panel at moderate (3x LoD), low (1x LoD) and negative. The study was conducted at three separate testing sites with different ePlex instruments, by multiple operators performing runs over several days. Run validity, agreement, and variability were analyzed. Acceptance criteria were established in advance of conducting the study and all acceptance criteria were met.