(319 days)
Hemochron® Activated Whole Blood Clotting Time (Hemochron KACT)
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No
The description details a chemical and electrochemical process for detecting clot formation and calculating a result based on the time and rate of substrate conversion. There is no mention of AI or ML algorithms being used for analysis or interpretation.
No
The device is described as an "in vitro diagnostic test" used to monitor heparin anticoagulation, not to treat a condition.
Yes
The i-STAT Kaolin Activated Clotting Time (ACT) test is explicitly stated as an "in vitro diagnostic test" used to "monitor high-dose heparin anticoagulation" in whole blood, which is a diagnostic purpose.
No
The device description clearly states it is a physical test cartridge containing reagents and is used with a portable clinical analyzer (hardware). It is an in vitro diagnostic test, not a software-only device.
Yes, this device is an IVD (In Vitro Diagnostic).
The "Intended Use / Indications for Use" section explicitly states: "The i-STAT Kaolin Activated Clotting Time (ACT) test is an in vitro diagnostic test which uses fresh whole blood to monitor high-dose heparin anticoaqulation frequently associated with cardiovascular surgery."
N/A
Intended Use / Indications for Use
The i-STAT ® Kaolin Activated Clotting Time (ACT) test is an in vitro diagnostic test which uses fresh whole blood to monitor high-dose heparin anticoaqulation frequently associated with cardiovascular surgery. The test is to be used with the i-STAT Portable Clinical Analyzer (Models 200 and 300), but not the Philips Medical Systems (formerly Agilent Technologies) Blood Analysis Module (BAM). As part of the i-STAT System, the Kaolin ACT test is to be used by trained and certified health care professionals in accordance with a facility's policies and procedures.
Product codes
JBP
Device Description
The i-STAT Kaolin ACT test is contained in a single test cartridge. In use, approximately 40 microliters of fresh whole blood are placed in the cartridge is inserted into the thermally controlled i-STAT Model 200 or Model 300 Portable Clinical Analyzer, and all analytical steps are performed automatically. Patient and user information may be entered into the analyzer via a keypad during the automated analysis cycle. During the test the blood sample is mixed with reagents which are coated on the cartridge cover in a segment of the sensor channel. The reagent layer includes an activating agent, a thrombin substrate, and inert matrix components. These reagents allow activation of the coagulation cascade and detection of clot formation. In the i-STAT ACT test, the endpoint is indicated by the appearance of an electroactive marker generated by the thrombin-mediated conversion of a synthetic substrate included in the reagent. Detection of the marker indicates generation of thrombin and therefore complete activation of the coagulation cascade. The reported result is calculated from the time and rate of the substrate conversion and is given in seconds. The reported result correlates to the result of a traditional ACT in which the endpoint is indicated by physical clot formation.
Mentions image processing
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Mentions AI, DNN, or ML
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Input Imaging Modality
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Anatomical Site
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Indicated Patient Age Range
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Intended User / Care Setting
trained and certified health care professionals in accordance with a facility's policies and procedures.
Description of the training set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
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Description of the test set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
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Summary of Performance Studies (study type, sample size, AUC, MRMC, standalone performance, key results)
Summary of Non-Clinical Performance in Support of Substantial Equivalence:
- The imprecision of the i-STAT test in plasma controls was established using in-house and user studies. Overall the Level 1 and Level 2 Controls read 168 ± 4 seconds (2.1% C.V.) and 407 ± 20 seconds (4.8% C.V.), respectively. This includes within-lot, lot-to-lot, vial-to-vial, analyzer-toanalyzer, and operator-to-operator components of the imprecision.
- Studies using samples ex-vivo heparinized whole blood samples with aprotinin added demonstrate that the i-STAT Kaolin ACT test is comparable to the Hemochron Kaolin ACT test, showing approximately half the extension of the Hemochron system to the affect of added aprotinin.
- Studies using ex-vivo heparinized whole blood samples establish that the i-STAT Kaolin ACT test responds linearly to the heparin concentration across its reportable range of 50 to 1000 seconds. The average sensitivity across multiple donors is 73 seconds / U/mL heparin. This is equivalent to the sensitivity of the Hemochron Kaolin Activated Clotting Time test.
- Studies show the i-STAT Kaolin ACT test is insensitive to the affect of pre-analytical sample temperature.
- Studies show the i-STAT Kaolin ACT test demonstrates comparable sensitivity to fibrinogen levels from 105 - 514 mg/dL as the Hemochron Kaolin ACT test.
- Studies demonstrate that the i-STAT Kaolin ACT is equivalent to the Hemochron Kaolin ACT in its response to platelet inhibition or removal.
Summary of Clinical Test Performance is Support of Substantial Equivalence Claims:
Studies conducted at three external sites compared the i-STAT Kaolin ACT (y) to those of the predicate device (x) using samples taken during cardiovascular surgery procedures. The identical sample was tested on each instrument. The methods were compared using Deming regression analysis. The results are summarized in the table below. (Further details in "Key Metrics")
Key Metrics (Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV, etc.)
| Statistic | Definition | Site 1 | Site 2 | Site 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | The number of patient samples used in the comparison | 311 | 352 | 313 |
| Mean | The average of the comparative method result over the sample population | 430 | 384 | 391 |
| Range | The range of comparative method results obtained over the sample population | 1218 | 1199 | 1021 |
| Sx | The standard deviation of the comparative method results across the sample population | 300 | 225 | 290 |
| Slope | The least squares linear regression estimate of the slope | 0.962 | 1.051 | 0.962 |
| Bias at 480 seconds | The average difference between the i-STAT Kaolin ACT and the Hemochron Kaolin ACT | 30 | -11 | -47 |
| Correlation | The correlation coefficient calculated from linear regression | 0.906 | 0.940 | 0.971 |
| Sxx% | Relative within sample imprecision of the comparative method over the sample population | 9.1% | 6.8% | 7.6% |
| Syy% | Relative within sample imprecision of the test method over the sample population | 3.6% | 4.0% | 3.6% |
Predicate Device(s)
Hemochron® Activated Whole Blood Clotting Time (Hemochron KACT)
Reference Device(s)
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Predetermined Change Control Plan (PCCP) - All Relevant Information
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§ 864.7140 Activated whole blood clotting time tests.
(a)
Identification. An activated whole blood clotting time tests is a device, used to monitor heparin therapy for the treatment of venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism by measuring the coagulation time of whole blood.(b)
Classification. Class II (performance standards).
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Image /page/0/Picture/1 description: The image shows the text "SEP - 8 2003". The text is in bold, sans-serif font. The text is likely a date, with "SEP" standing for September.
Image /page/0/Picture/2 description: The image shows the logo for i-STAT Corporation. The logo is in black and white and features the text "i-STAT" in a large, bold font. Below the text "i-STAT" is the word "CORPORATION" in a smaller font. There is a line separating the two words.
510(k) Summary
This summary of the 510(k) safety and effectiveness information is being submitted in accordance with the requirements of SMDA 1900 and CFR 807.92.
The assigned 510(k) number is:
Summary prepared on: October 23, 2002
Submitted by:
i-STAT Corporation 104 Windsor Center Drive East Windsor, NJ 08520 Phone: 609-443-9300 FAX: 609-443-9310
Contact:
Paul VanDerWerf, Ph.D. Vice-President Requlatory Affairs and Quality Assurance i-STAT Corporation 104 Windsor Center Drive East Windsor, NJ 08520 Phone 609-443-9300 Fax: 609-443-9310 e-mail: van@i-stat.com
Establishment Registration Number: 2245578
ldentification of Device:
Device Name: Activated Clotting Time Test Proprietary/Trade Name: i-STAT ® Kaolin ACT Common Name: ACT Classification: Activated Clotting Time Tests Device Classification: II Regulation Number: CFR § 864.7140 Panel: Hematology Product Code: JBP
Identification of the Predicate Device:
Device Name: Hemochron® Activated Whole Blood Clotting Time (Hemochron KACT)
Intended Use of the Device:
The i-STAT Kaolin Activated Clotting Time (ACT) test is an in vitro diagnostic test which uses fresh whole blood to monitor high-dose heparin anticoaqulation frequently associated with cardiovascular surgery. The test is to be used with the i-STAT Portable Clinical Analyzer (Models 200 and 300), but not the Philips Medical Systems (formerly Agilent Technologies) Blood Analysis Module (BAM). As part of the i-STAT System, the Kaolin ACT test is to be used by trained and certified health care professionals in accordance with a facility's policies and procedures.
Description of the Device:
The i-STAT Kaolin ACT test is contained in a single test cartridge. In use, approximately 40 microliters of fresh whole blood are placed in the cartridge is inserted into the thermally controlled i-STAT Model 200 or Model 300 Portable Clinical Analyzer, and all analytical steps are performed automatically. Patient and user information may be entered into the analyzer via a keypad during the automated analysis cycle.
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During the test the blood sample is mixed with reagents which are coated on the cartridge cover in a segment of the sensor channel. The reagent layer includes an activating agent, a thrombin substrate, and inert matrix components. These reagents allow activation of the coagulation cascade and detection of clot formation.
In the i-STAT ACT test, the endpoint is indicated by the appearance of an electroactive marker generated by the thrombin-mediated conversion of a synthetic substrate included in the reagent. Detection of the marker indicates generation of thrombin and therefore complete activation of the coagulation cascade. The reported result is calculated from the time and rate of the substrate conversion and is given in seconds. The reported result correlates to the result of a traditional ACT in which the endpoint is indicated by physical clot formation.
Comparison to Technological Features of the Predicate Device:
The following technological differences between the i-STAT and the Hemochron Systems Activated Clotting Time tests are noteworthy.
- Endpoint detection in both the Hemochron and i-STAT Systems relies upon detecting the action of ● thrombin, the final enzyme activated in the coagulation cascade, on a substrate within the sample. In the case of the Hemochron, thrombin converts its natural substrate, fibrinogen, to fibrin which then crosslinks and causes localized or extended clotting throughout the sample. The instrument detects clot formation as the resulting impedance of the magnet's motion through the sample. In the i-STAT test, the generated thrombin converts an added substrate to a species which can be detected electrochemically. The signal for the appearance of this marker is used to assign the endpoint time.
- The volume of blood required for the Hemochron and i-STAT tests is significantly different. The . Hemochron requires either 2.0 mL of blood where the i-STAT test requires 0.040 mL. Although such a difference does not necessarily imply systematic differences in the results of test methods, in this case it is a contributor to a between-method bias that is a function of the pre-analytical temperature of the blood. The relatively long time constant for sample heating in the Hemochron results in prolongation of results with hypothermic samples.
Summary of Non-Clinical Performance in Support of Substantial Equivalence:
- The imprecision of the i-STAT test in plasma controls was established using in-house and user . studies. Overall the Level 1 and Level 2 Controls read 168 ± 4 seconds (2.1% C.V.) and 407 ± 20 seconds (4.8% C.V.), respectively. This includes within-lot, lot-to-lot, vial-to-vial, analyzer-toanalyzer, and operator-to-operator components of the imprecision.
- Studies using samples ex-vivo heparinized whole blood samples with aprotinin added demonstrate . that the i-STAT Kaolin ACT test is comparable to the Hemochron Kaolin ACT test, showing approximately half the extension of the Hemochron system to the affect of added aprotinin.
- Studies using ex-vivo heparinized whole blood samples establish that the i-STAT Kaolin ACT test . responds linearly to the heparin concentration across its reportable range of 50 to 1000 seconds. The average sensitivity across multiple donors is 73 seconds / U/mL heparin. This is equivalent to the sensitivity of the Hemochron Kaolin Activated Clotting Time test.
- Studies show the i-STAT Kaolin ACT test is insensitive to the affect of pre-analytical sample temperature.
- ◆ Studies show the i-STAT Kaolin ACT test demonstrates comparable sensitivity to fibrinogen levels from 105 - 514 mg/dL as the Hemochron Kaolin ACT test.
- . Studies demonstrate that the i-STAT Kaolin ACT is equivalent to the Hemochron Kaolin ACT in its response to platelet inhibition or removal.
Summary of Clinical Test Performance is Support of Substantial Equivalence Claims:
Studies conducted at three external sites compared the i-STAT Kaolin ACT (y) to those of the predicate device (x) using samples taken during cardiovascular surgery procedures. The identical sample was tested on each instrument. The methods were compared using Deming regression analysis. The results are summarized in the table below.
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| Statistic | Definition | Site 1 | Site 2 | Site 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | The number of patient samples used in | |||
| the comparison | 311 | 352 | 313 | |
| Mean | The average of the comparative method | |||
| result over the sample population | 430 | 384 | 391 | |
| Range | The range of comparative method | |||
| results obtained over the sample | ||||
| population | 1218 | 1199 | 1021 | |
| Sx | The standard deviation of the | |||
| comparative method results across the | ||||
| sample population | 300 | 225 | 290 | |
| Slope | The least squares linear regression | |||
| estimate of the slope | 0.962 | 1.051 | 0.962 | |
| Bias at 480 | ||||
| seconds | The average difference between the i- | |||
| STAT Kaolin ACT and the Hemochron | ||||
| Kaolin ACT | 30 | -11 | -47 | |
| Correlation | The correlation coefficient calculated | |||
| from linear regression | 0.906 | 0.940 | 0.971 | |
| Sxx% | Relative within sample imprecision of the | |||
| comparative method over the sample | ||||
| population | 9.1% | 6.8% | 7.6% | |
| Syy% | Relative within sample imprecision of the | |||
| test method over the sample population | 3.6% | 4.0% | 3.6% |
Conclusions:
Based on the non-clinical data the i-STAT Kaolin ACT test responds linearly to heparin concentration in the range from 50-1000 seconds, is insensitive to pre-analytical sample temperature, aprotinin, and fibrinogen levels. Studies using plasma controls and whole blood indicate adequate precision for normal and prolonged clot times. Clinical data indicates acceptable correlation to the predicate device.
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DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES
Image /page/3/Picture/1 description: The image is a black and white logo for the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The logo features a stylized design resembling a bird or abstract human figure. The text "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES U.S.A." is arranged in a circular pattern around the central design.
Public Health Service
Food and Drug Administration 2098 Gaither Road Rockville MD 20850
SEP - 8 2003
Mr. Mike Zelin Chief Technology Officer i-STAT Corporation 104 Windsor Center Drive Windsor, NJ 08520
Re: K023582
Trade/Device Name: Kaolin ACT test Regulation Number: 21 CFR 864.7140 Regulation Name: Activated Whole Blood Clotting Time Tests Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: JBP Dated: July 24, 2003 Received: July 24, 2003
Dear Mr. Zelin:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration. Iisting of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in Title 21, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Parts 800 to 895. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Parts 801 and 809); and good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820).
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This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your Section 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific information about the application of labeling requirements to your device, or questions on the promotion and advertising of your device, please contact the Office of In Vitro Diagnostic Device Evaluation and Safety at (301) 594-3084. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR Part 807.97). Other general information on your responsibilities under the Act may be obtained from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 443-6597 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/dsma/dsmamain.html.
Sincerely yours,
Steven Sutman
Steven I. Gutman, M.D., M.B.A. Director Office of In Vitro Diagnostic Device Evaluation and Safety Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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3 Indications for use
510(k) Number (if known): ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Device Name: Kaolin ACT test.
The i-STAT Kaolin Activated Clotting Time (ACT) test is an in vitro diagnostic test used to monitor high-dose heparin anticoagulation frequently associated with cardiovascular surgery.
(Please do not write below this line-continue on another page if needed.)
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
Prescription Use /
OR
Over-The-Counter-Use
(Per 21 CFR 801.109)
(Optional Format 1-2-96)
T/7/52
Division of Clinical La 510(k) Number