(60 days)
Brainomix 360 Triage Stroke is a radiological computer aided triage and notification software indicated for use in the analysis of non-contrast head CT (NCCT) images to assist hospital networks and trained clinicians in workflow triage by flagging and communicating suspected positive findings of head NCCT images for large vessel occlusion (LVO) of the intracranial ICA and M1 or intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). Specifically, the device is intended to be used for the triage of images acquired from adult patients in the acute setting, within 24 hours of the onset of the acute symptoms, or where this is unclear, since last known well (LKW) time. It is not intended to detect symmetrical bilateral MCA occlusions.
Brainomix 360 Triage Stroke uses an artificial intelligence algorithm to analyze images and highlight cases with detected NCCT LVO or ICH on the Brainomix server on premise or in the cloud in parallel to the ongoing standard of care image interpretation. The user is presented with notifications for cases with suspected LVO or ICH findings via a web user interface or mobile application. Notifications include compressed preview images that are meant for informational purposes only and are not intended for diagnostic use beyond notification.
The device does not alter the original medical image, and it is not intended to be used as a primary diagnostic device. The results of Brainomix 360 Triage Stroke are intended to be used in conjunction with other patient information and based on professional judgment to assist with triage/prioritization of medical images. Notified clinicians are ultimately responsible for reviewing full images per the standard of care.
Cautions:
- All patients should get adequate care for their symptoms, including angiography and/or other appropriate care per the standard clinical practice, irrespective of the output of Brainomix 360 Triage Stroke.
- Brainomix 360 Triage Stroke is not intended to be a rule-out device and for cases that have been processed by the device without notification for "Suspected LVO" should not be viewed as indicating that LVO is excluded. All cases should undergo angiography, per the standard stroke workup.
Limitations:
- Brainomix 360 Triage Stroke is not intended for mobile diagnostic use. Images viewed on a mobile platform are compressed preview images and not for diagnostic interpretation.
- Brainomix 360 Triage Stroke does not replace the need for angiography in ischemic stroke workup - it provides workflow prioritization and notification only.
- Brainomix 360 Triage Stroke has been validated and is intended to be used on Siemens, GE and Philips scanners.
- Brainomix 360 Triage Stroke is not intended to be used on patients with recent (within 6 weeks) neurosurgery or endovascular neurointervention or recent (within 4 weeks) previous diagnosis of stroke.
- Brainomix 360 Triage Stroke is not intended to detect symmetrical bilateral MCA occlusions.
Contraindications:
Brainomix 360 Triage Stroke is not suitable for use with scan data containing image features associated with:
- tumours or abscesses
- coils, shunts, embolization or movement artifacts
- intracranial vascular pathologies such as arterial aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations or venous thrombosis.
Brainomix 360 Triage Stroke (also referred to as Triage Stroke in this submission) is a radiological computer aided triage and notification software package compliant with the DICOM standard and running on an off-the-shelf physical or virtual server. Triage Stroke is a non-contrast CT processing software-only medical device which operates within the integrated Brainomix 360 Platform to provide triage and notification prioritization of suspected large vessel occlusion (LVO) or intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). The device uses machine learning algorithms such as advanced non adaptive imaging algorithms, artificial intelligence, and large data analytics.
Brainomix 360 Triage Stroke is available to users in three configurations, featuring three individual processing modules:
- Triage ICH Module, which can only flag positive findings of suspected ICH;
- Triage Stroke Module, which can flag positive findings of suspected ICH or LVO; And
- NCCT LVO Module, which can flag positive finding of suspected LVO
The Triage ICH Module automatically identifies suspected ICH, the NCCT LVO module automatically identifies suspected LVO, while the Triage Stroke Module automatically identifies suspected ICH or LVO on non-contrast CT (NCCT) imaging acquired from adult patients in the acute setting, within 24 hours of the onset of acute symptoms, or where this is unclear, since last known well (LKW) time. The output of the device is a priority notification to clinicians indicating the suspicion of just ICH for Triage ICH Module, the suspicion of just LVO for the NCCT LVO Module, and suspicion of ICH or LVO for Triage Stroke Module based on positive findings. Specifically, the ICH analysis algorithm is optimized to identify findings of hyperdense volume in the parenchyma typically associated with acute intracranial hemorrhage; and the NCCT LVO suspicion uses the combined analysis of the ASPECTS and hyperdense vessel sign (HDVS) algorithms to identify hyper attenuation in vessels and hypodense regions typically associated with a large vessel occlusion in a non-contrast CT scan.
Brainomix 360 Triage Stroke is not intended to detect symmetrical bilateral MCA occlusions. The device uses the basic services supplied by the Brainomix 360 Platform including DICOM processing, job management, imaging module execution and imaging output including notification and compressed image.
Brainomix 360 Triage Stroke notification capabilities enable clinicians to review and preview images via mobile app notification. Alternatively, intended users can also access the notification (a "Suspected LVO" or "Suspected hemorrhage" flag) and straightened images via the Brainomix 360 web user interface. Images that are previewed via mobile app are compressed, are for preview informational purposes only, and not intended for diagnostic use beyond notification.
The device is intended for use as an additional tool for assisting study triage within existing patient pathways. It does not replace any part of the current standard of care. It is designed to assist in prioritization of studies for reading within a worklist, in addition to any other pre-existing formal or informal methods of study prioritization in place. Specifically, it does not remove cases from a reading queue and operates in parallel to the standard of care. This device is not intended to replace the usual methods of communication and transfer of information in the current standard of care.
The Brainomix 360 Triage Stroke device is made available to the user through the Brainomix 360 Platform The Brainomix 360 Platform is a central control unit which coordinates the execution image processing modules which support various analysis methods used in clinical practice today:
The provided document describes the acceptance criteria and the study that proves the device meets those criteria for the Brainomix 360 Triage Stroke device.
Here's a breakdown of the requested information:
1. Table of Acceptance Criteria and Reported Device Performance
| Performance Metric | Acceptance Criteria (Pre-specified Goal) | Reported Device Performance |
|---|---|---|
| ICH Detection (Standalone Study) | Sensitivity > 80% | Sensitivity: 96.41% (95% CI: 92.65-98.65%) |
| Specificity > 80% | Specificity: 96.55% (95% CI: 92.94-98.70%) | |
| SAH Detection (Secondary Outcome) | Sensitivity > 80% | Sensitivity: 85.71% (CI: 60.99-97.67%) |
| Specificity > 80% | Specificity: 96.55% (CI: 80.60-98.87%) | |
| LVO Detection (Standalone Study) | (Not explicitly stated, but "exceeded pre-specified performance goals") | Sensitivity: 69.64% (CI: 60.65-77.70%) |
| (Not explicitly stated, but "exceeded pre-specified performance goals") | Specificity: 89.57% (CI: 82.92-94.36%) | |
| Combined Time-to-Notification |
§ 892.2080 Radiological computer aided triage and notification software.
(a)
Identification. Radiological computer aided triage and notification software is an image processing prescription device intended to aid in prioritization and triage of radiological medical images. The device notifies a designated list of clinicians of the availability of time sensitive radiological medical images for review based on computer aided image analysis of those images performed by the device. The device does not mark, highlight, or direct users' attention to a specific location in the original image. The device does not remove cases from a reading queue. The device operates in parallel with the standard of care, which remains the default option for all cases.(b)
Classification. Class II (special controls). The special controls for this device are:(1) Design verification and validation must include:
(i) A detailed description of the notification and triage algorithms and all underlying image analysis algorithms including, but not limited to, a detailed description of the algorithm inputs and outputs, each major component or block, how the algorithm affects or relates to clinical practice or patient care, and any algorithm limitations.
(ii) A detailed description of pre-specified performance testing protocols and dataset(s) used to assess whether the device will provide effective triage (
e.g., improved time to review of prioritized images for pre-specified clinicians).(iii) Results from performance testing that demonstrate that the device will provide effective triage. The performance assessment must be based on an appropriate measure to estimate the clinical effectiveness. The test dataset must contain sufficient numbers of cases from important cohorts (
e.g., subsets defined by clinically relevant confounders, effect modifiers, associated diseases, and subsets defined by image acquisition characteristics) such that the performance estimates and confidence intervals for these individual subsets can be characterized with the device for the intended use population and imaging equipment.(iv) Stand-alone performance testing protocols and results of the device.
(v) Appropriate software documentation (
e.g., device hazard analysis; software requirements specification document; software design specification document; traceability analysis; description of verification and validation activities including system level test protocol, pass/fail criteria, and results).(2) Labeling must include the following:
(i) A detailed description of the patient population for which the device is indicated for use;
(ii) A detailed description of the intended user and user training that addresses appropriate use protocols for the device;
(iii) Discussion of warnings, precautions, and limitations must include situations in which the device may fail or may not operate at its expected performance level (
e.g., poor image quality for certain subpopulations), as applicable;(iv) A detailed description of compatible imaging hardware, imaging protocols, and requirements for input images;
(v) Device operating instructions; and
(vi) A detailed summary of the performance testing, including: test methods, dataset characteristics, triage effectiveness (
e.g., improved time to review of prioritized images for pre-specified clinicians), diagnostic accuracy of algorithms informing triage decision, and results with associated statistical uncertainty (e.g., confidence intervals), including a summary of subanalyses on case distributions stratified by relevant confounders, such as lesion and organ characteristics, disease stages, and imaging equipment.