(90 days)
The Multilayered Zirconia Disc is indicated for fabrication of anterior and posterior dental restorations using different CAD/CAM or manual machines. All discs are processed through dental laboratories or by dental professionals.
DenMat Multilayered Zirconia Discs are made of Zirconium Oxide (Y-TZP ZrO2). For dental applications in accordance with ISO 6872, (DIN EN ISO 6872), this material is specially made for manufacturing of permanent and removable dental prosthetics. After completion of the final sintering, all DenMat Multilayered Zirconia meets the requirements of ISO 6872, Type II, Class 5. It is necessary to mill the disc with an appropriate enlargement factor to account for the shrinkage that occurs during full sintering. DenMat Zirconia Multilayered (ML) discs can be used with any compatible CAD/CAM machine.
Material Used:
DenMat Multilayered Zirconia Discs are composed of zirconia ceramics (ZrO2) based on yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia (Y-TZP). The material is biocompatible according to ISO 10993-1: 2018 "Biological Evaluation of medical devices – Part 1: Evaluation and testing within a risk management process"
The provided FDA 510(k) clearance letter and summary for the DenMat Multilayered Zirconia Disc do not describe a study involving an AI/Machine Learning device or a Multi-Reader Multi-Case (MRMC) comparative effectiveness study comparing AI assistance to human readers.
Instead, the document describes the physical and chemical properties of a dental material (zirconia discs) and compares them to a predicate device. The performance data presented are results from laboratory tests conducted on the material itself, not clinical studies involving human readers or AI algorithms for disease detection/diagnosis.
Therefore, many of the requested items (e.g., sample size for test set, data provenance, number of experts for ground truth, adjudication method, MRMC study, standalone performance, training set details) are not applicable to this type of device clearance.
However, I can extract the acceptance criteria and performance data for the material's physical properties as presented in the document.
Acceptance Criteria and Reported Device Performance (for Material Properties)
The acceptance criteria and reported performance relate to the physical and chemical properties of the DenMat Multilayered Zirconia Disc, as evaluated against ISO standards for dental ceramics.
Table of Acceptance Criteria and Reported Device Performance:
| Test Performed | Acceptance Criteria | Reported Device Performance (Single Crown) | Reported Device Performance (Single Crown Units & 3 Unit Bridges) | Applied Standard | Result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biaxial Flexural strength | ≥ 100 MPa (for Single Crown)≥ 500 MPa (for Single Crown Units & 3 Unit Bridges) | 568.72 ± 168.22 MPa | 740.45 ± 252.32 MPa | ISO 6872: 2024 | Pass |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) | 10.40 ± 0.34 (x10⁻⁶ K⁻¹) | 10.40 ± 0.02 (x10⁻⁶ K⁻¹) | 10.43 ± 0.05 (x10⁻⁶ K⁻¹) | ISO 6872: 2024, ASTM E831 | Pass |
| Chemical solubility | < 100 µg/cm² | < 100 µg/cm² | < 100 µg/cm² | ISO 6872: 2024 | Pass |
| Fracture toughness KIC | > 1.0 MPa√m (for Single Crown)> 3.5 MPa√m (for Single Crown Units & 3 Unit Bridges)Minimum for Class 5: 4.0 MPa√m (overall) | 4.14 ± 0.43 MPa√m | 4.21 ± 0.48 MPa√m | ISO 6872: 2024 (ISO 18756/ASTM C1421) | Pass |
| Sintered Density | ≥ 6.0 g/cm³ | 6.11 ± 0.05 g/cm³ | 6.05 ± 0.03 g/cm³ | ISO 13356: 2015 | Pass |
| Radioactivity | Not more than 1.0 Bq g⁻¹ of Uranium238 | < 0.0174 Bq⋅g⁻¹ of ²³⁸U | N/A (Tested once for material composition) | ISO 6872:2024 Section 5.2 | Pass |
| Average Flexural Strength (Overall material property) | > 800 MPa | 1085.51 ± 265.06 MPa | N/A (Tested once for material composition) | ISO 6872: 2024 | Pass |
Non-Applicable or Unknown Information (Due to the Nature of the Device)
The following information pertains to AI/ML device studies and is not applicable to this 510(k) for a dental material:
- Sample size used for the test set and the data provenance: Not applicable. These are laboratory tests on material samples, not patient data. The quantity of material samples tested is not explicitly stated in the summary, but typical for these types of tests (e.g., multiple specimens for each property). Data provenance is "lab testing."
- Number of experts used to establish the ground truth for the test set and the qualifications of those experts: Not applicable. Ground truth for material properties is established by adherence to certified test methods and instrumentation, not expert consensus on medical images/data.
- Adjudication method (e.g., 2+1, 3+1, none) for the test set: Not applicable.
- If a multi reader multi case (MRMC) comparative effectiveness study was done, If so, what was the effect size of how much human readers improve with AI vs without AI assistance: Not applicable. This is not an AI/imaging device.
- If a standalone (i.e. algorithm only without human-in-the-loop performance) was done: Not applicable. This is a dental material, not an algorithm.
- The type of ground truth used (expert consensus, pathology, outcomes data, etc.): Ground truth for material properties is defined by the physical/chemical standards and measurements themselves as per ISO and ASTM guidelines (e.g., measured force for flexural strength, measured mass change for solubility).
- The sample size for the training set: Not applicable. This is not an AI device that requires a training set.
- How the ground truth for the training set was established: Not applicable.
In summary, the DenMat Multilayered Zirconia Disc is a dental material, and its acceptance criteria and proving study focus on demonstrating that its physical and chemical properties meet established international standards (ISO, ASTM) for dental restorative materials, ensuring its safety and effectiveness for its intended use. It is not an AI software device, and therefore the assessment methodologies typically associated with AI/ML-based medical devices do not apply here.
FDA 510(k) Clearance Letter - DenMat Multilayered Zirconia Disc
Page 1
U.S. Food & Drug Administration
10903 New Hampshire Avenue
Silver Spring, MD 20993
www.fda.gov
Doc ID # 04017.08.00
August 25, 2025
DenMat Holding, LLC
Kimberly Maynes
Sr. Supervisor, Regulatory Affairs
1017 W. Central Avenue
Lompoc, California 93436
Re: K251593
Trade/Device Name: DenMat Multilayered Zirconia Disc
Regulation Number: 21 CFR 872.6660
Regulation Name: Porcelain Powder For Clinical Use
Regulatory Class: Class II
Product Code: EIH
Dated: May 23, 2025
Received: May 27, 2025
Dear Kimberly Maynes:
We have reviewed your section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. Although this letter refers to your product as a device, please be aware that some cleared products may instead be combination products. The 510(k) Premarket Notification Database available at https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfpmn/pmn.cfm identifies combination product submissions. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
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K251593 - Kimberly Maynes Page 2
Additional information about changes that may require a new premarket notification are provided in the FDA guidance documents entitled "Deciding When to Submit a 510(k) for a Change to an Existing Device" (https://www.fda.gov/media/99812/download) and "Deciding When to Submit a 510(k) for a Software Change to an Existing Device" (https://www.fda.gov/media/99785/download).
Your device is also subject to, among other requirements, the Quality System (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820), which includes, but is not limited to, 21 CFR 820.30, Design controls; 21 CFR 820.90, Nonconforming product; and 21 CFR 820.100, Corrective and preventive action. Please note that regardless of whether a change requires premarket review, the QS regulation requires device manufacturers to review and approve changes to device design and production (21 CFR 820.30 and 21 CFR 820.70) and document changes and approvals in the device master record (21 CFR 820.181).
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting (reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR Part 803) for devices or postmarketing safety reporting (21 CFR Part 4, Subpart B) for combination products (see https://www.fda.gov/combination-products/guidance-regulatory-information/postmarketing-safety-reporting-combination-products); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820) for devices or current good manufacturing practices (21 CFR Part 4, Subpart A) for combination products; and, if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR Parts 1000-1050.
All medical devices, including Class I and unclassified devices and combination product device constituent parts are required to be in compliance with the final Unique Device Identification System rule ("UDI Rule"). The UDI Rule requires, among other things, that a device bear a unique device identifier (UDI) on its label and package (21 CFR 801.20(a)) unless an exception or alternative applies (21 CFR 801.20(b)) and that the dates on the device label be formatted in accordance with 21 CFR 801.18. The UDI Rule (21 CFR 830.300(a) and 830.320(b)) also requires that certain information be submitted to the Global Unique Device Identification Database (GUDID) (21 CFR Part 830 Subpart E). For additional information on these requirements, please see the UDI System webpage at https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory-assistance/unique-device-identification-system-udi-system.
Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/medical-device-safety/medical-device-reporting-mdr-how-report-medical-device-problems.
For comprehensive regulatory information about medical devices and radiation-emitting products, including information about labeling regulations, please see Device Advice (https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory-assistance) and CDRH Learn (https://www.fda.gov/training-and-continuing-education/cdrh-learn). Additionally, you may contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education (DICE) to ask a question about a specific regulatory topic. See the DICE website (https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory-
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K251593 - Kimberly Maynes Page 3
assistance/contact-us-division-industry-and-consumer-education-dice) for more information or contact DICE by email (DICE@fda.hhs.gov) or phone (1-800-638-2041 or 301-796-7100).
Sincerely,
MICHAEL E. ADJODHA -S
Michael E. Adjodha, MChE, RAC, CQIA
Assistant Director
DHT1B: Division of Dental and ENT Devices
OHT1: Office of Ophthalmic, Anesthesia, Respiratory, ENT, and Dental Devices
Office of Product Evaluation and Quality
Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Food and Drug Administration
Form Approved: OMB No. 0910-0120
Expiration Date: 07/31/2026
See PRA Statement below.
Indications for Use
Submission Number (if known)
K251593
Device Name
DenMat Multilayered Zirconia Disc
Indications for Use (Describe)
The Multilayered Zirconia Disc is indicated for fabrication of anterior and posterior dental restorations using different CAD/CAM or manual machines.
All discs are processed through dental laboratories or by dental professionals.
Type of Use (Select one or both, as applicable)
☒ Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D) ☐ Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
CONTINUE ON A SEPARATE PAGE IF NEEDED.
This section applies only to requirements of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995.
DO NOT SEND YOUR COMPLETED FORM TO THE PRA STAFF EMAIL ADDRESS BELOW.
The burden time for this collection of information is estimated to average 79 hours per response, including the time to review instructions, search existing data sources, gather and maintain the data needed and complete and review the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this information collection, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to:
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"An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB number."
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510(k) Summary - K251593
This 510(k) Summary is submitted in accordance with the requirements of 21 CFR 807.92.
Submitter Information 21 CFR 807.92(a)(1)
Submitter: Den-Mat Holdings, LLC
1017 W. Central Ave.
Lompoc, CA, 93436, USA
Phone: 805-346-3700
Establishment Registration Number: 2018957
Contact Person: Kim Maynes
Sr. Supervisor, Regulatory Affairs
Phone: 805-346-3700
Email: regulatory@denmat.com
Date Prepared: August 25, 2025
Device Information 21 CFR 807.92(a)(2)
Trade Name: DenMat Multilayered Zirconia Disc
Common Name: Powder, Porcelain
Regulation Number: 21 CFR 872.6660
Regulation Name: Porcelain powder for clinical use
Classification: Class II
Product Code: EIH
Review Panel: Dental
Legally Marketed Predicate Device(s) 21 CFR 807.92(a)(3)
Device Trade Name: Gradual Dental Zirconia Blank
510(k) Number: K231687
Product Code: EIH
Device Description 21 CFR 807.92(a)(4)
DenMat Multilayered Zirconia Discs are made of Zirconium Oxide (Y-TZP ZrO2). For dental applications in accordance with ISO 6872, (DIN EN ISO 6872), this material is specially made for manufacturing of permanent and removable dental prosthetics. After completion of the final sintering, all DenMat Multilayered Zirconia meets the requirements of ISO 6872, Type II, Class 5. It is necessary to mill the disc with an appropriate enlargement factor to account for the shrinkage that occurs during full sintering. DenMat Zirconia Multilayered (ML) discs can be used with any compatible CAD/CAM machine.
Material Used:
DenMat Multilayered Zirconia Discs are composed of zirconia ceramics (ZrO2) based on yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia (Y-TZP). The material is biocompatible according to ISO 10993-1: 2018 "Biological Evaluation of medical devices – Part 1: Evaluation and testing within a risk management process"
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Intended Use / Indications for Use 21 CFR 807.92(a)(5)
The Multilayered Zirconia Disc is indicated for fabrication of anterior and posterior dental restorations using different CAD/CAM or manual machines. All discs are processed through dental laboratories or by dental professionals.
Comparison of Technological Characteristics 21 CFR 807.92(a)(6)
DenMat Multilayered Zirconia Disc comparison to the predicate device, UPCERA Gradual Dental Zirconia Blank (K231687), is based upon similar characteristics such as intended use, indications, contra-indications, material properties, chemical composition, processing/fabrication and testing to recognized standards and guidelines. DenMat Multilayered Zirconia Disc utilizes a substantially equivalent composition (ZrO2+HfO2+Y2O3: > 99), which results in a flexural strength of >800MPa and a fracture toughness of >5.0 MPa √ m, therefore allowing for a classification of Class 5 in the ISO 6872:2024 standard. Thus, the product meets the standards for "Monolithic ceramic for prostheses involving four or more units or fully covered substructure for prostheses involving four or more units."
The predicate device's Indications for Use provide for "the production of full contour and substructure restorations up to a full arch" and the subject device also meets the standards for this same indication based upon the specification with ISO 6872:2024, Section 4 and Annex A.
Additionally, while Indication for Use statements now note prescription requirements on the form, we have still indicated the device is for use by dental technicians. We have also noted the prescription requirements in the Instructions for Use and on the device labeling. Both the subject device and predicate device are provided in disc shapes of various sizes. The subject and predicate device have similar physical/mechanical properties that meet the requirements of ISO 6872:2024.
DenMat Multilayered Zirconia Disc biocompatibility was addressed using FDA' Biocompatibility Guidance "Use of International Standard ISO 10993-1, "Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 1: Evaluation and testing within a risk management process" and ISO 7405 Dentistry — Evaluation of biocompatibility of medical devices used in dentistry.
Zirconia Multilayered Zirconia Disc dental porcelain zirconium oxide blanks for use by dental professionals to construct custom dental restorations are substantially similar to the UPCERA (K231687) in general composition, safety and effectiveness.
Subject and Predicate comparison table below.
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Device(s) Similarities
| DenMat Zirconia Multilayered Disc (K251593) | UPCERA Gradual Dental Zirconia Blank (K231687) | |
|---|---|---|
| Indications for use | The Multilayered Zirconia Disc is indicated for fabrication of anterior and posterior dental restorations using different CAD/CAM or manual machines. All discs are processed through dental laboratories or by dental professionals. | The device is indicated for fabrication of anterior and posterior dental restorations using different CAD/CAM or manual machines. All blanks are processed through dental laboratories or by dental professionals. |
| Contra- Indications* | DenMat Multilayered Zirconia Disc blanks are milled, the dental technician should take appropriate safety methods such as face mask and eye protection when removing the finished dental prostheses from the holder to preclude inhaling dust particles upon removal with power tools.• Insufficient tooth structure reduction.• Insufficient tooth structure for proper adhesion and force distribution.• Insufficient oral hygiene.• Insufficient interproximal space for sufficient joints in bridges.• Known allergies.• Known incompatibilities to product composition.• Heavy discoloration of prepped tooth structure. | There are no specific precautions, warnings or contra- indications that are required for the safe and effective use of the device by the dental professional or patient. |
Technical Data (performance testing included)
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| Material Composition % wt. | ZrO₂: 91.958-92.570%Y₂O₃: 7.250-7.800%SiO₂: ≤0.010%Fe₂O₃: 0.017-0.114%CaO: ≤0.007%Na₂O: ≤0.004%Mn₂O₃: ≤0.003%Er₂O₃: ≤0.263% | Zirconia (ZrO₂+HfO₂+Y₂O₃: ≥ 98%)Inorganic pigments |
|---|---|---|
| Radioactivity(Freedom from extraneous materials per ISO 6872:2024 Section 5.2 active conc. of not more than 1.0 Bq g-1 of Uranium238) | < 0.0174 Bq⋅g⁻¹ of ²³⁸U | Not supplied |
| Blank sizes (mm) | Disc1: Diameter 98.5mm, Thickness 14mm2: Diameter 98.5mm, Thickness 18mm3: Diameter 98.5mm, Thickness 22mm4: Diameter 98.5mm, Thickness 25mm | Not supplied |
| Sintered Density g cm-3 ISO 13356: 2015 Section 4.1 Req't. of ≥ 6.0 | 6.04 ± 0.03 g/cm³ | Not supplied |
| Coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) ISO 6872: 2024, No req't. | 10.39 ± 0.34 (x10⁻⁶ K⁻¹) | Not supplied |
| Fracture toughness KIC ISO 6872:2024 Annex A; minimum for class 5, 4.0 MPa m1/2 | 4.90 ± 0.94 MPa√m | Not supplied |
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| Average Flexural strength per ISO 6872: 2024, Limit ˃800MPa | 1085.51 ± 265.06 MPa | Not supplied |
|---|---|---|
| Chemical solubility per ISO 6872:2024 Limit 100 µg/cm2 | < 100 µg/cm² | Not supplied |
| Biocompatibility per ISO 10993-1: Part 1 - 'Biological evaluation of medical devices – Part 1: Evaluation and testing within a risk management process." | Biocompatibility was addressed using FDA' Biocompatibility Guidance "Use of International Standard ISO 10993-1, "Biological evaluation of medical devices - Part 1: Evaluation and testing within a risk management process" and ISO 7405 Dentistry — Evaluation of biocompatibility of medical devices used in dentistry.Tested for Cytotoxicity, Irritation Oral Mucosa, Irritation, Sensitization, Subacute and subchronic toxicity and genotoxicity on shaded material, no adverse reactions identified. | Tested for Cytotoxicity, Irritation Oral Mucosa, Irritation, Sensitization, Subacute and subchronic toxicity and genotoxicity on shaded material, no adverse reactions identified. |
| Safety and Efficacy of the Device | The device functions in a similar manner to other comparative devices and the intended use is the same. The differences between comparatives devices are minor and do not raise new safety concerns. The effectiveness and suitability of the device for the intended purpose is assured through wide, general use of similar other predicate devices that demonstrate the safe use of the device to construct dental restorations. | Not supplied |
Performance Data 21 CFR 807.92(b)
Physical Properties:
Tabulated chart of finished product DenMat Multilayered Zirconia Disc below:
Summary of The Performance Testing Report:
Single Crown
| Test Performed | Test Results | Acceptance Criteria | Applied Standard | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biaxial Flexural strength | 568.72 ± 168.22 MPa | ≥ 100 MPa | ISO 6872: 2024 | Pass |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion | 10.40 ± 0.02 (x10⁻⁶ K⁻¹) | 10.40 ± 0.34 (x10⁻⁶ K⁻¹) | ISO 6872: 2024 ASTM E831 | Pass |
| Chemical solubility | < 100 µg/cm² | < 100 µg/cm² | ISO 6872: 2024 | Pass |
| Fracture toughness | 4.14 ± 0.43 MPa√m | > 1.0 MPa√m | ISO 6872: 2024 (ISO 18756/ASTM C1421) | Pass |
| Sintered Density | 6.11 ± 0.05 g/cm³ | ≥ 6.0 | ISO 13356: 2015 | Pass |
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Single Crown Units & 3 Unit Bridges
| Test Performed | Test Results | Acceptance Criteria | Applied Standard | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biaxial Flexural strength | 740.45 ± 252.32 MPa | ≥ 500 MPa | ISO 6872: 2024 | Pass |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion | 10.43 ± 0.05 (x10⁻⁶ K⁻¹) | 10.40 ± 0.34 (x10⁻⁶ K⁻¹) | ISO 6872: 2024 ASTM E831 | Pass |
| Chemical solubility | < 100 µg/cm² | < 100 µg/cm² | ISO 6872: 2024 | Pass |
| Fracture toughness | 4.21 ± 0.48 MPa√m | > 3.5 MPa√m | ISO 6872: 2024 (ISO 18756/ASTM C1421) | Pass |
| Sintered Density | 6.05 ± 0.03 g/cm³ | ≥ 6.0 | ISO 13356: 2015 | Pass |
Conclusion
Based on the indications for use, technological characteristics, and the summary of data submitted, Den-Mat Holdings, LLC has determined that the subject device does not raise different questions of safety and effectiveness compared to the predicate devices. Therefore, the proposed subject device is substantially equivalent to the legally marketed predicate devices.
§ 872.6660 Porcelain powder for clinical use.
(a)
Identification. Porcelain powder for clinical use is a device consisting of a mixture of kaolin, felspar, quartz, or other substances intended for use in the production of artificial teeth in fixed or removable dentures, of jacket crowns, facings, and veneers. The device is used in prosthetic dentistry by heating the powder mixture to a high temperature in an oven to produce a hard prosthesis with a glass-like finish.(b)
Classification. Class II.