(148 days)
K23026, K20318
Not Found
Yes
The device description explicitly states that the software uses a "convolutional neural network-based algorithm" and refers to the filters as resulting in a "single machine-learning model".
No
The device is an image processing software that enhances MR images by reducing noise; it does not directly treat or diagnose a medical condition.
No
The device is described as image processing software used for image enhancement by reducing noise. Its outputs are images with enhanced image quality, and it explicitly states that it "only processes images for the end user." There is no mention of the device providing interpretations, diagnoses, or aiding in medical decision-making from the processed images. It improves the quality of images that radiologists then use for diagnostic purposes, but the device itself does not perform the diagnosis.
Yes
The device is explicitly described as "Software as a Medical Device (SaMD)" and its function is solely image processing and enhancement of existing MR images. It does not include or require any specific hardware components beyond the existing MRI scanners and viewing workstations.
Based on the provided information, no, this device is not an IVD (In Vitro Diagnostic).
Here's why:
- Definition of IVD: In Vitro Diagnostics are medical devices used to perform tests on samples taken from the human body (like blood, urine, tissue) to provide information about a person's health. This information is used for diagnosis, monitoring, or screening.
- Ezra Flash's Function: Ezra Flash is an image processing software that enhances existing medical images (MR images) acquired from a patient. It does not perform any tests on biological samples. Its function is to improve the quality of the image itself, not to analyze biological markers within a sample.
- Intended Use: The intended use clearly states it's for "image enhancement of MR images" to "reduce image noise." This is a post-acquisition image processing function, not an in vitro diagnostic test.
Therefore, Ezra Flash falls under the category of medical imaging software or a Software as a Medical Device (SaMD) that processes images, but it is not an In Vitro Diagnostic device.
No
The provided input does not explicitly state that the FDA has reviewed, approved, or cleared a Predetermined Change Control Plan (PCCP) for this specific device. The 'Control Plan Authorized (PCCP) and relevant text' section is marked 'Not Found'.
Intended Use / Indications for Use
Ezra Flash is an image processing software used for image enhancement of MR images. It can be used to reduce image noise in images acquired as part of non-contrast MRI exams on 1.5-Tesla and 3-Tesla Siemens and GE scanners for patients > 18 years of age:
- Sagittal T1, Axial T2 and Axial Flair sequences within the head region
- Axial T2, Coronal T2 within the Abdomen region.
- Sagittal T2, Axial T2, Coronal T2 within the Pelvis region
Product codes (comma separated list FDA assigned to the subject device)
OIH
Device Description
Ezra Flash is a Software as a Medical Device (SaMD) consisting of a software algorithm that enhances images of the head, abdomen, and pelvis regions taken by MRI scanners. As it only processes images for the end user, the device has no interface. It is intended to be used by radiologists in an imaging center, clinic, or hospital. The software can be used with MR images acquired as part of MRI exams on 1.5-Tesla and 3-Tesla scanners from Siemens and GE.
The outputs are images with enhanced image quality. Both the original non-enhanced studies and the Ezra Flash-enhanced studies are available to the end user.
Ezra Flash receives DICOM-compliant non-contrast MR image inputs acquired on 1.5-Tesla and 3-Tesla scanners within the head, abdomen and pelvis regions. The software uses a convolutional neural network-based algorithm to improve image quality by reducing noise. The device outputs a DICOM-compliant copy of the images with improved image quality.
Ezra Flash is tested for performance on Sagittal T1, Axial T2, Axial T2 Flair images of the head, Coronal T2, Axial T2 images of the abdomen, Sagittal T2, Axial T2, and Coronal T2 images of the pelvis.
Mentions image processing
Ezra Flash is an image processing software used for image enhancement of MR images.
Mentions AI, DNN, or ML
The software uses a convolutional neural network-based algorithm to improve image quality by reducing noise.
Ezra Flash software implements an image enhancement algorithm using a convolutional neural network-based filtering. Original images are enhanced by running through a cascade of filter banks, where thresholding and scaling operations are applied. These filters result in a single machine-learning model that reduces noise. A dedicated machine-learning model is used for the head and body. The parameters of the filters were obtained through an image-guided optimization process.
Input Imaging Modality
MR images / MRI
Anatomical Site
head, abdomen, and pelvis regions
Indicated Patient Age Range
18 years of age
Intended User / Care Setting
radiologists in an imaging center, clinic, or hospital.
Description of the training set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
Not Found
Description of the test set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
Not Found
Summary of Performance Studies (study type, sample size, AUC, MRMC, standalone performance, key results)
Ezra performed the following main performance testing for Ezra Flash:
- Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)
- SNR of selected region of interests (ROI) in each test dataset is on average improved by > 5% after Ezra Flash enhancement compared to original MR-acquired images (raw).
- Contrast-to-Noise Ratio (CNR)
- CNR of selected region of interests (ROI) in each test dataset is on average improved by > 0% after Ezra Flash enhancement compared to the MR-acquired raw images.
- Image Quality Perceived Noise
- The mean Likert results for the Ezra Flash-enhanced images compared to the original MR-acquired images (raw) is greater than or equal to 0.5 Likert scale points.
The test results demonstrated that the Ezra Flash performs to its intended use, is deemed acceptable for clinical use, and does not introduce new questions of safety or efficacy. The testing was conducted in accordance to the software validation/verification plans and protocols.
Key Metrics (Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV, etc.)
See "Summary of Performance Studies" section for SNR, CNR, and Likert results.
Predicate Device(s): If the device was cleared using the 510(k) pathway, identify the Predicate Device(s) K/DEN number used to claim substantial equivalence and list them here in a comma separated list exactly as they appear in the text. List the primary predicate first in the list.
K23026, K20318
Reference Device(s): Identify the Reference Device(s) K/DEN number and list them here in a comma separated list exactly as they appear in the text.
Not Found
Predetermined Change Control Plan (PCCP) - All Relevant Information for the subject device only (e.g. presence / absence, what scope was granted / cleared under the PCCP, any restrictions, etc).
Not Found
§ 892.2050 Medical image management and processing system.
(a)
Identification. A medical image management and processing system is a device that provides one or more capabilities relating to the review and digital processing of medical images for the purposes of interpretation by a trained practitioner of disease detection, diagnosis, or patient management. The software components may provide advanced or complex image processing functions for image manipulation, enhancement, or quantification that are intended for use in the interpretation and analysis of medical images. Advanced image manipulation functions may include image segmentation, multimodality image registration, or 3D visualization. Complex quantitative functions may include semi-automated measurements or time-series measurements.(b)
Classification. Class II (special controls; voluntary standards—Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Std., Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) Std., Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) Test Pattern).
0
Image /page/0/Picture/0 description: The image contains the logo of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The logo consists of two parts: the Department of Health & Human Services logo on the left and the FDA logo on the right. The FDA logo includes the letters "FDA" in a blue square, followed by the words "U.S. FOOD & DRUG" in blue, with the word "ADMINISTRATION" underneath.
January 2, 2025
Ezra AI, Inc. David Girard Chief Operating Officer 419 Park Ave S, Suite 600 New York, New York 10016
Re: K242334
Trade/Device Name: Ezra Flash Regulation Number: 21 CFR 892.2050 Regulation Name: Medical Image Management And Processing System Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: OIH Dated: November 18, 2024 Received: November 18, 2024
Dear David Girard:
We have reviewed your section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. Although this letter refers to your product as a device, please be aware that some cleared products may instead be combination products. The 510(k) Premarket Notification Database available at https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfpmn/pmn.cfm identifies combination product submissions. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
1
Additional information about changes that may require a new premarket notification are provided in the FDA guidance documents entitled "Deciding When to Submit a 510(k) for a Change to an Existing Device" (https://www.fda.gov/media/99812/download) and "Deciding When to Submit a 510(k) for a Software Change to an Existing Device" (https://www.fda.gov/media/99785/download).
Your device is also subject to, among other requirements, the Quality System (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820), which includes, but is not limited to, 21 CFR 820.30. Design controls; 21 CFR 820.90. Nonconforming product; and 21 CFR 820.100, Corrective and preventive action. Please note that regardless of whether a change requires premarket review, the QS regulation requires device manufacturers to review and approve changes to device design and production (21 CFR 820.30 and 21 CFR 820.70) and document changes and approvals in the device master record (21 CFR 820.181).
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR Part 803) for devices or postmarketing safety reporting (21 CFR Part 4, Subpart B) for combination products (see https://www.fda.gov/combination-products/guidance-regulatory-information/postmarketing-safety-reportingcombination-products); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820) for devices or current good manufacturing practices (21 CFR Part 4, Subpart A) for combination products; and, if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR Parts 1000-1050.
All medical devices, including Class I and unclassified devices and combination product device constituent parts are required to be in compliance with the final Unique Device Identification System rule ("UDI Rule"). The UDI Rule requires, among other things, that a device bear a unique device identifier (UDI) on its label and package (21 CFR 801.20(a)) unless an exception or alternative applies (21 CFR 801.20(b)) and that the dates on the device label be formatted in accordance with 21 CFR 801.18. The UDI Rule (21 CFR 830.300(a) and 830.320(b)) also requires that certain information be submitted to the Global Unique Device Identification Database (GUDID) (21 CFR Part 830 Subpart E). For additional information on these requirements, please see the UDI System webpage at https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-advicecomprehensive-regulatory-assistance/unique-device-identification-system-udi-system.
Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-safety/medical-device-reportingmdr-how-report-medical-device-problems.
For comprehensive regulatory information about mediation-emitting products, including information about labeling regulations, please see Device Advice (https://www.fda.gov/medicaldevices/device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory-assistance) and CDRH Learn (https://www.fda.gov/training-and-continuing-education/cdrh-learn). Additionally, you may contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education (DICE) to ask a question about a specific regulatory topic. See the DICE website (https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory
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assistance/contact-us-division-industry-and-consumer-education-dice) for more information or contact DICE by email (DICE@fda.hhs.gov) or phone (1-800-638-2041 or 301-796-7100).
Sincerely,
FDA
Daniel M. Krainak, Ph.D. Assistant Director DHT8C: Division of Radiological Imaging and Radiation Therapy Devices OHT8: Office of Radiological Health Office of Product Evaluation and Quality Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
3
Indications for Use
Submission Number (if known)
K242334
Device Name
Ezra Flash
Indications for Use (Describe)
Ezra Flash is an image processing software used for image enhancement of MR images. It can be used to reduce image noise in images acquired as part of non-contrast MRI exams on 1.5-Tesla and 3-Tesla Siemens and GE scanners for patients > 18 years of age:
- · Sagittal T1, Axial T2 and Axial Flair sequences within the head region
- · Axial T2, Coronal T2 within the Abdomen region.
- · Sagittal T2, Axial T2, Coronal T2 within the Pelvis region
Type of Use (Select one or both, as applicable)
Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D)
Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
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510(k) Summary 1
This 510(k) Summary is in accordance with the requirements of the Safe Medical Device Act (SMDA) of 1990. The content of this 510(k) summary is provided in conformance with 21 CFR Part 807.92.
1.1 Submitter Information
| Submitter's Name | Ezra Al Inc. |
|---|---|
| Address | 419 Park Ave S, Suite 600, |
| New York, NY 10016 USA | |
| Telephone | +1 (646) 402-5751 |
| Contact Person | David Girard |
| Date of Summary Preparation | July 31st, 2024 |
Subject Device Information 1.2
| Device Name | Ezra Flash |
|---|---|
| Model Number | FLHAI01PL02IF01IT01LB02 |
| Common Name | Ezra Flash |
| Classification | II |
| Review Panel | Radiology |
| Product Code | QIH |
| Regulations | 21 CFR 892.2050 |
| System, Image Processing, Radiological |
Predicate Device Information 1.3
| Primary Predicate Device Name | Ezra Fl |
|---|---|
| 510(k) Number | K23026 |
| Secondary Predicate Device Name | SubtleMe |
| 510(k) Number | K20318 |
ash (Manufactured by Ezra Al, Inc.) 4 AR (Manufactured by Subtle Medical) 2
5
Device Description 2
Ezra Flash is a Software as a Medical Device (SaMD) consisting of a software algorithm that enhances images of the head, abdomen, and pelvis regions taken by MRI scanners. As it only processes images for the end user, the device has no interface. It is intended to be used by radiologists in an imaging center, clinic, or hospital. The software can be used with MR images acquired as part of MRI exams on 1.5-Tesla and 3-Tesla scanners from Siemens and GE.
The outputs are images with enhanced image quality. Both the original non-enhanced studies and the Ezra Flash-enhanced studies are available to the end user.
Ezra Flash receives DICOM-compliant non-contrast MR image inputs acquired on 1.5-Tesla and 3-Tesla scanners within the head, abdomen and pelvis regions. The software uses a convolutional neural network-based algorithm to improve image quality by reducing noise. The device outputs a DICOM-compliant copy of the images with improved image quality.
Ezra Flash is tested for performance on Sagittal T1, Axial T2, Axial T2 Flair images of the head, Coronal T2, Axial T2 images of the abdomen, Sagittal T2, Axial T2, and Coronal T2 images of the pelvis.
3 Indications for Use
Ezra Flash is an image processing software used for image enhancement of MR images. It can be used to reduce image noise in images acquired as part of non-contrast MRI exams on 1.5-Tesla and 3-Tesla Siemens and GE scanners for patients > 18 years of age:
- · Sagittal T1, Axial T2 and Axial Flair sequences within the head region
- · Axial T2, Coronal T2 within the Abdomen region
- · Sagittal T2, Axial T2, Coronal T2 within the Pelvis region
6
Summary of Technological 4 Characteristics Comparison
Table 1 shows that Ezra Flash and the Predicate Device (K203182) are equivalent in technological characteristics.
| Comparison of
Technological
Characteristics | Subject Device Ezra Flash | Primary
(K230264) | Predicate | Secondary
(K203182) | Predicate |
|---------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------|
| Trade Name: | EzraFlash | EzraFlash | | SubtleMR | |
| Regulation
Number: | 21 CFR 892.2050 | Same | | Same | |
| Product Code | QIH | LLZ | | LLZ | |
| Indications for
Use | Ezra Flash is an image processing software used for image enhancement of MR images. It can be used to reduce image noise in images acquired as part of non-contrast MRI exams on 1.5-Tesla and 3-Tesla Siemens and GE scanners for patients > 18 years of age:
• Sagittal T1, Axial T2 and Axial Flair sequences within the head region
• Axial T2, Coronal T2 within the Abdomen region
• Sagittal T2, Axial T2, Coronal T2 within the Pelvis region | Ezra Flash is an image processing software used for image enhancement of MR images. It can be used to reduce image noise in images acquired as part of non-contrast MRI exams on 3-Tesla Siemens and GE scanners for Sagittal T1, Axial T2 and Axial Flair sequences within the head region for patients > 18 years of age. | | SubtleMR is an image processing software that can be used for image enhancement in MRI images. It can be used to reduce image noise for head, spine, neck, abdomen, pelvis, prostate, breast and musculoskeletal MRI, or increase image sharpness for head MRI. | |
| Physical Characteristics | Software package that operates on off-the-shelf hardware. | Same | | Same | |
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| Computer | Linux Compatible | Same | Same |
|---|---|---|---|
| DICOM | |||
| Standard | |||
| Compliance | The software processes DI- | ||
| COM compliant image data | Same | Same | |
| Operating System | Linux | Same | Same |
| Modalities | MRI | Same | Same |
| User Interface | None - enhanced images | ||
| are viewed on existing PACS | |||
| workstations | Same | Same | |
| Image Enhancement | |||
| Algorithm | |||
| Description | Ezra Flash software implements an image enhancement algorithm using a convolutional neural network-based filtering. Original images are enhanced by running through a cascade of filter banks, where thresholding and scaling operations are applied. These filters result in a single machine-learning model that reduces noise. A dedicated machine-learning model is used for the head and body. The parameters of the filters were obtained through an image-guided optimization process. | Ezra Flash software implements an image enhancement algorithm using a convolutional neural network-based filtering. Original images are enhanced by running through a cascade of filter banks, where thresholding and scaling operations are applied. These filters result in a single machine-learning model that reduces noise. The parameters of the filters were obtained through an image-guided optimization process. | SubtleMR software implements an image enhancement algorithm using convolutional neural network-based filtering. Original images are enhanced by running through a cascade of filter banks, where thresholding and scaling operations are applied. Separate neural network-based filters are obtained for noise reduction and sharpness increase. The parameters of the filters were obtained through an image-guided optimization process. |
8
| Workflow | The software operates on DI-COM files on the file system, enhances the images, and stores the enhanced images on the file system. The receipt of original DICOM image files and delivery of enhanced images as DICOM files depends on other software systems. Enhanced images co-exist with the original images. | Same | Same |
|---|---|---|---|
| ---------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------ | ------ |
Table 1: Subject and Predicate Device Comparison.
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Performance Testing 5
The Ezra Flash has been developed in a manner consistent with accepted standards for software development and evaluated in accordance with design specifications and applicable performance standards through software verification, validation, and usability testing.
Ezra performed the following main performance testing for Ezra Flash:
-
- Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)
- SNR of selected region of interests (ROI) in each test dataset is on average improved by > 5% after Ezra Flash enhancement compared to original MR-acquired images (raw).
-
- Contrast-to-Noise Ratio (CNR)
- CNR of selected region of interests (ROI) in each test dataset is on average improved by > 0% after Ezra Flash enhancement compared to the MR-acquired raw images.
-
- Image Quality Perceived Noise
- The mean Likert results for the Ezra Flash-enhanced images compared to the original MR-acquired images (raw) is greater than or equal to 0.5 Likert scale points.
The test results demonstrated that the Ezra Flash performs to its intended use, is deemed acceptable for clinical use, and does not introduce new questions of safety or efficacy. The testing was conducted in accordance to the software validation/verification plans and protocols.
10
Conformance Standards б
There are no applicable FDA mandated performance standards for this device. However, voluntary standards have been utilized in the production of the software. The device was designed and developed in accordance to the following conformance standards:
- · ISO 14971:2019 Medical Devices Application of risk management to medical devices
- · IEC 62304 Edition 1.1: 2015 Medical device software Software life cycle processes
- NEMA PS 3.1-3.20 (2021e) Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) set
- AAMI TIR57: 2016 Principles For Medical Device Security Risk Management
Substantial Equivalence Conclusion 7
The Ezra Flash has the same intended use and similar technological characteristics as the predicate Ezra Flash (K230264) and SubtleMR (K203182) device. The subject and predicate device are identical in indications for use and intended use for the reduction of image noise in 1.5T and 3T head, abdomen, and pelvis MRI scans. The subject Ezra Flash is substantially equivalent to the Ezra Flash (K230264) and predicate SubtleMR (K203182) device, and the minor differences in the technological characteristics of the subject and predicate device do not raise any new or different questions of safety and effectiveness.