(259 days)
No
The summary does not mention AI, ML, deep learning, or any related terms in the device description, intended use, or performance studies. The focus is on 3D visualization and image manipulation.
No.
The device is a software platform for visualizing medical images for surgical planning and not for administering treatment or therapy.
No.
The "Intended Use / Indications for Use" section explicitly states, "Ikshana is intended to be used as an adjunct to the interpretation of images performed using diagnostic imaging systems and is not intended for primary diagnosis." It also notes that images viewed on certain displays are "for informational purposes only and are not intended for diagnostic use."
Yes
The device is explicitly described as a "software device" and a "stand-alone modular software platform." While it can be used with hardware like traditional monitors, HMDs, and mobile devices, the core medical device functionality (image display, manipulation, measurements, 3D visualization, surgical planning activities) resides solely within the software. The hardware components are described as display or input methods for the software.
Based on the provided information, no, this device is not an IVD (In Vitro Diagnostic).
Here's why:
- IVD Definition: In Vitro Diagnostics are devices intended for use in the collection, preparation, and examination of specimens taken from the human body (such as blood, urine, or tissue) to provide information for the diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of disease.
- Ikshana's Intended Use: Ikshana's intended use is to display and manipulate medical images (CT/MR DICOM data) for review, measurement, 3D visualization, and surgical planning. It is explicitly stated as an "adjunct to the interpretation of images performed using diagnostic imaging systems" and "not intended for primary diagnosis."
- No Specimen Handling: The description of Ikshana's function does not involve the collection, preparation, or analysis of any biological specimens from the human body. It works with pre-existing medical images.
Therefore, Ikshana falls under the category of medical imaging software or a picture archiving and communication system (PACS) component, not an In Vitro Diagnostic device.
N/A
Intended Use / Indications for Use
Ikshana is a software device to display medical images. It includes functions for image review, image manipulation, measurements, and 3D visualization.
Medical images may only be interpreted using an FDA-cleared display monitor that meets technical specifications that are reviewed and accepted by the FDA.
Ikshana is intended to be used as an adjunct to the interpretation of images performed using diagnostic imaging systems and is not intended for primary diagnosis. Display monitors used for reading medical images for diagnostic purposes must be FDA-approved radiology monitors.
Ikshana software is indicated for use by qualified healthcare professionals, including, but not restricted to, radiologists, non-radiology specialists, physicians, and technologists.
When accessing the Ikshana software from a wireless stereoscopic head-mounted display (HMD) or mobile device, the images viewed are for informational purposes only and are not intended for diagnostic use.
Product codes
LLZ
Device Description
Ikshana is a stand-alone modular software platform to be used by clinicians for the visualization of medical images in 3D to allow for surgical planning activities. The device takes 2D medical images and creates accurate 3D representations that clinicians can then view on a stereoscopic display. This modular package is used to
- Load patient CT/MR DICOM data
- View DICOM data using a traditional computer monitor or in Augmented Reality (AR) using a head-mounted display, HMD (Microsoft HoloLens 2).
Mentions image processing
Yes
Mentions AI, DNN, or ML
Not Found
Input Imaging Modality
DICOM data (CT/MR)
Anatomical Site
Not restricted to a specific anatomical site. A combination of orthopedic, and maxillofacial models was used for the measurement study. A combination of cardiovascular, orthopedic, and maxillofacial models was used for the segmentation study.
Indicated Patient Age Range
Not restricted to a specific patient population.
Intended User / Care Setting
Qualified healthcare professionals, including, but not restricted to, radiologists, non-radiology specialists, physicians, and technologists.
Description of the training set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
Not Found
Description of the test set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
Measurements Study: A combination of orthopedic, and maxillofacial models was used for this study.
Segmentation Study: A combination of cardiovascular, orthopedic, and maxillofacial models was used. The results were validated by subject matter experts.
Summary of Performance Studies (study type, sample size, AUC, MRMC, standalone performance, key results)
Software Verification and Validation Testing: Verification against defined requirements, and validation against user needs. Both end-user validation and bench testing were performed.
Measurements Study: Evaluated, measured, and compared the inter and intra user variability between measurements taken by multiple users in the subject device. Comparison of the inter and intra user measurements showed that all measurements fell within the set acceptance criteria. Paired t-tests comparing Immersive Touch Ikshana measurements to Medical Mimics measurements resulted in p-values > 0.05, indicating a lack of significant difference between the two. Bland Altman plots confirmed a high level of equivalence for both linear and angular measurements, with 95 percent of differences falling within acceptable limits.
Segmentation Study: Visually compared segmentation models created by the subject device with a previously cleared reference device Mimics Medical (K183105). The comparison showed a high level of equivalence between Ikshana and Mimics Medical for all the anatomical models. An average DICE coefficient of approximately 96% was achieved for 60 trials comparing ImmersiveTouch and Materialize Mimics volumes. The paired t-test resulted in a p-value above 0.05, suggesting that the null hypothesis of no significant difference between the two volume measurements cannot be rejected, indicating likely equivalence between the two methods.
AR HMD Testing: The functioning of the AR HMD was tested through validation tests and the 3D anatomical representations were successfully visualized via the Head mounted display.
Key Metrics (Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV, etc.)
- Measurements Study: p-values > 0.05 from paired t-tests, 95% of differences within acceptable limits via Bland Altman plots.
- Segmentation Study: Average DICE coefficient of approximately 96%, p-value > 0.05 from paired t-test.
Predicate Device(s)
Reference Device(s)
Predetermined Change Control Plan (PCCP) - All Relevant Information
Not Found
§ 892.2050 Medical image management and processing system.
(a)
Identification. A medical image management and processing system is a device that provides one or more capabilities relating to the review and digital processing of medical images for the purposes of interpretation by a trained practitioner of disease detection, diagnosis, or patient management. The software components may provide advanced or complex image processing functions for image manipulation, enhancement, or quantification that are intended for use in the interpretation and analysis of medical images. Advanced image manipulation functions may include image segmentation, multimodality image registration, or 3D visualization. Complex quantitative functions may include semi-automated measurements or time-series measurements.(b)
Classification. Class II (special controls; voluntary standards—Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Std., Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) Std., Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) Test Pattern).
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Image /page/0/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). On the left is the Department of Health & Human Services logo. To the right of that is the FDA logo in blue, with the words "U.S. FOOD & DRUG ADMINISTRATION" in blue as well. The FDA is a federal agency responsible for regulating and supervising the safety of food, drugs, and other products.
ImmersiveTouch Prashant Banerjee CEO 910 W Van Buren Street, Suite # 715 CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60607
October 16, 2023
Re: K230249
Trade/Device Name: Ikshana Regulation Number: 21 CFR 892.2050 Regulation Name: Medical Image Management and Processing System Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: LLZ Dated: September 11, 2023 Received: September 14, 2023
Dear Prashant Banerjee:
We have reviewed your section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. Although this letter refers to your product as a device, please be aware that some cleared products may instead be combination products. The 510(k) Premarket Notification Database available at https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfpmn/pmn.cfm identifies combination product submissions. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Additional information about changes that may require a new premarket notification are provided in the FDA guidance documents entitled "Deciding When to Submit a 510(k) for a Change to an Existing Device" (https://www.fda.gov/media/99812/download) and "Deciding When to Submit a 510(k) for a Software Change to an Existing Device" (https://www.fda.gov/media/99785/download).
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Your device is also subject to, among other requirements, the Quality System (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820), which includes, but is not limited to, 21 CFR 820.30, Design controls; 21 CFR 820.90, Nonconforming product; and 21 CFR 820.100, Corrective and preventive action. Please note that regardless of whether a change requires premarket review, the QS regulation requires device manufacturers to review and approve changes to device design and production (21 CFR 820.30 and 21 CFR 820.70) and document changes and approvals in the device master record (21 CFR 820.181).
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR Part 803) for devices or postmarketing safety reporting (21 CFR Part 4, Subpart B) for combination products (see https://www.fda.gov/combination-products/guidance-regulatory-information/postmarketing-safety-reportingcombination-products); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820) for devices or current good manufacturing practices (21 CFR Part 4, Subpart A) for combination products; and, if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR Parts 1000-1050.
Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-safety/medical-device-reportingmdr-how-report-medical-device-problems.
For comprehensive regulatory information about medical devices and radiation-emitting products, including information about labeling regulations, please see Device Advice (https://www.fda.gov/medicaldevices/device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory-assistance) and CDRH Learn (https://www.fda.gov/training-and-continuing-education/cdrh-learn). Additionally, you may contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education (DICE) to ask a question about a specific regulatory topic. See the DICE website (https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-advice-comprehensive-regulatoryassistance/contact-us-division-industry-and-consumer-education-dice) for more information or contact DICE by email (DICE@fda.hhs.gov) or phone (1-800-638-2041 or 301-796-7100).
Sincerelv.
Jessica Lamb
Jessica Lamb Assistant Director DHT8B: Division of Radiologic Imaging Devices and Electronic Products OHT8: Office of Radiological Health Office of Product Evaluation and Quality Center for Devices and Radiological Health
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Indications for Use
510(k) Number (if known) K230249
Device Name Ikshana
Indications for Use (Describe)
Ikshana is a software device to display medical images. It includes functions for image manipulation, measurements, and 3D visualization.
Medical images may only be interpreted using an FDA-cleared display monitor that meets technical specifications that are reviewed and accepted by the FDA.
Ikshana is intended to be used as an adjunct to the interpretation of images performed using diagnostic imaging systems and is not intended for primary diagnosis. Display monitors used for reading medical images for diagnostic purposes must be FDA-approved radiology monitors.
Ikshana software is indicated for use by qualified healthcare professionals, including, but not restricted to, radiologists, non-radiology specialists, physicians, and technologists.
When accessing the Ikshana software from a wireless stereoscopic head-mounted display (HMD) or mobile device, the images viewed are for informational purposes only and are not intended for diagnostic use.
| Type of Use (Select one or both, as applicable) |
|---|
| ------------------------------------------------- |
| Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D) |
|---|
| Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C) |
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510(k) Summary
I. SUBMITTER
ImmersiveTouch, Inc. 910 W Van Buren Street, Suite #715, Chicago, IL 60607
PHONE: +1 630 570 5943 Fax: +1 908 634 1219
Contact Person: Dr. P. Pat Banerjee Date Prepared: January 15th, 2023
II. DEVICE
Device Name: Ikshana Regulation Name: Medical Image Management and Processing System Regulation Number: 21 CFR 892.2050 Regulation Class: II Product Code: LLZ
III. PREDICATE DEVICE
Ikshana is claimed to be substantially equivalent to predicate device SurgicalAR (K190764).
Ikshana is also substantially equivalent to reference device Mimics Medical (K183105) in its ability to perform image segmentation based on input data.
IV. DEVICE DESCRIPTION
Ikshana is a stand-alone modular software platform to be used by clinicians for the visualization of medical images in 3D to allow for surgical planning activities. The device takes 2D medical images and creates accurate 3D representations that clinicians can then view on a stereoscopic display. This modular package is used to
- · Load patient CT/MR DICOM data
- . View DICOM data using a traditional computer monitor or in Augmented Reality (AR) using a head-mounted display, HMD (Microsoft HoloLens 2).
| S. No. | Specifications | HoloLens 2 (Head Mounted Display) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | The manufacturer and model of the HMD | Manufacturer - Microsoft |
| HMD Model - Microsoft HoloLens 2 | ||
| S. No. | Specifications | HoloLens 2 (Head Mounted Display) |
| 2 | The number of horizontal and | |
| vertical pixels of the display per eye | Resolution 1440×936 per eye | |
| 3 | Horizontal and vertical field of view | Given that Microsoft said the HoloLens 2 FoV |
| has a 3:2 "screen" ratio, some basic math showed | ||
| the device had a horizontal FoV of 43° and a | ||
| vertical of 29°. | ||
| 4 | Number of pixels per degree | 33 pixels per degree of field of view |
| 5 | The minimum and maximum | |
| luminance of the display | The maximum luminance of the HoloLens 2 | |
| display is reported at 500 cd/m2, and the | ||
| minimum luminance is 0 (for an empty pixel). | ||
| 6 | Unity depth buffer size | Unity depth textures at the HoloLens 2 end are 16 |
| bits. 24-bit textures are used before images are | ||
| sent to the HoloLens for the purposes of accurate | ||
| pixel sorting, but this is down sampled to 16-bits | ||
| before sending over the network, where it is used | ||
| for latency compensation. The far planes of the | ||
| virtual cameras used for rendering are set to under | ||
| 10 meters, down from Unity's default value of | ||
| 1000 meters, to maximize the accuracy of these | ||
| depth values. | ||
| 7 | Maximum temperature and | |
| recommended temperature of the | ||
| HMD | The devices operate in a temperature range of | |
| 10°C to 35°C. | ||
| 8 | HMD's interpupillary distance | |
| (IPD), the adjustment range of IPD: | The HoloLens 2 display actively color-corrects | |
| images based on the position of the user's eyes. | ||
| Eye calibration provides two critical inputs: | ||
| (1) the user's interpupillary distance (IPD) and | ||
| (2) the direction each eye is looking. Without eye | ||
| calibration, the system defaults to a nominal eye | ||
| position without eye movement. | ||
| 9 | Eye relief and compatibility with | |
| corrective lenses | 18mm to 23mm | |
| 10 | Distance of the virtual content from | |
| the user in the software design | HoloLens displays are fixed at an optical distance | |
| of approximately 2.0 m away from the user. Users | ||
| must always accommodate nearly 2.0 m to | ||
| maintain a clear image in the device. |
HoloLens 2 Specifications
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V. INDICATIONS FOR USE
Ikshana is a software device to display medical images. It includes functions for image review, image manipulation, measurements, and 3D visualization.
Medical images may only be interpreted using an FDA-cleared display monitor that meets technical specifications that are reviewed and accepted by the FDA.
Ikshana is intended to be used as an adjunct to the interpretation of images performed using diagnostic imaging systems and is not intended for primary diagnosis. Display monitors used for reading medical images for diagnostic purposes must be FDA-approved radiology monitors.
Ikshana software is indicated for use by qualified healthcare professionals, including, but not restricted to, radiologists, non-radiology specialists, physicians, and technologists.
When accessing the Ikshana software from a wireless stereoscopic head-mounted display (HMD) or mobile device, the images viewed are for informational purposes only and are not intended for diagnostic use.
VI. COMPARISON OF TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS WITH THE PREDICATE DEVICE
The Ikshana employs similar fundamental technologies as the identified predicate devices, including:
- The subject and predicate device both have the same intended use.
- . The subject and predicate device both have similar abilities to process, review and analyze medical imaging data.
- The subject and predicate device both have similar functionalities to perform measurements · and aid in surgical planning activities.
Differences
Ikshana can perform segmentation, which is different from the predicate listed.
Comparison with reference device of K183105 - Mimics Medical
Intended use and Functionality - Both Ikshana and Mimics Medical offer advanced image processing capabilities, including segmentation and 3D visualization. Ikshana and Mimics Medical can perform image segmentation based on the input data. However, Mimics Medical has a broader range of functionalities. Ikshana is primarily designed for 3D visualization and pre-surgical planning using diagnostic imaging systems and is not intended for primary diagnosis. In contrast, Mimics Medical encompasses a wider range of applications, including treatment planning, and the creation of output files for additive manufacturing. Ikshana specifies that medical images must be interpreted on FDAapproved radiology monitors, while Mimics Medical does not include specific display requirements in its intended use.
The results for Segmentation study have been compared with a previously cleared reference device Mimics Medical (K183105). Mimics Medical (K183105), a software interface and image segmentation system that is intended for measuring and treatment planning was used in the Performance Testing to
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compare the results of the subject device. All of the results showed under this specific chapter show a high level of equivalence between Ikshana and Mimics Medical.
| Features | Description | Subject Device | Predicate Device |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ikshana | SurgicalAR | ||
| Measurement Tool | Line | ||
| Angle | Yes | Yes | |
| User Installation Requirements | As per IFU | Yes | Yes |
| Data Type Supported | DICOM | Yes | Yes |
| Image View/Manipulation | Image Zoom | ||
| Pan | |||
| Window Level | |||
| Auto Window | |||
| Reset | |||
| Image Rotate | |||
| Image Flip | |||
| Magnify/Zoom | Yes | Yes | |
| Data Encryption | HTTPS | Yes | Yes |
| Patient Information Display | Capable of displaying patient information | Yes | Yes |
| Linking | Co-planar linking: | ||
| Auto link | |||
| Manual | Yes | Yes | |
| User and Password Control | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Data Security | Stored on server | Yes | Yes |
| Audit Trail | Audit trail logged | Yes | Yes |
| User Management | Database structure allows mapping users to group internally or mapping external groups | Yes | Yes |
| Features | Description | Subject Device | Predicate Device |
| Ikshana | SurgicalAR | ||
| Transmission Modes | Via the web with Internet browsers | Yes | Yes |
| MPR Viewing | This viewing feature enables the display of | ||
| reformatted CT and MR images into axial, | |||
| coronal and sagittal orientations | Yes | Yes | |
| 3D Volume Rendered | |||
| Viewing | This viewing feature enables the display of | ||
| 3D perspective views of CT and MR image | |||
| sets that have been transformed into | |||
| volumes. It also provides presets to enable | |||
| users to alter the visualization parameters | |||
| of the 3D views to highlight features. | Yes | Yes | |
| Active Target Tool | This viewing feature provides a facility to | ||
| view a single target location | Yes | Yes | |
| Crosshair Navigation | |||
| and Synchronization | This viewing feature provides a facility to | ||
| synchronize and scroll through multiple | |||
| views at the same time. (2D slice view) | Yes | Yes | |
| Ability to close an | |||
| image by clicking an | |||
| "X" in the upper-left | |||
| portion of the viewport | Ability to close an image by clicking an | ||
| "X" in the upper-left portion of the | |||
| viewport. | Yes | Yes | |
| HMD support for | |||
| visualization purpose | |||
| only (not for diagnostic | |||
| use) | This viewing feature makes Ikshana | ||
| compatible with off-the shelf-wireless, Wi- | |||
| Fi enabled, stereoscopic head-mounted | |||
| display | Yes | Yes | |
| Diagnostic quality | |||
| medical image review | Ability to provide diagnostic quality | ||
| medical image review for multi- | |||
| dimensional digital images acquired from a | |||
| variety of imaging devices- via FDA | |||
| approved diagnostic monitors | Yes | Yes | |
| Image Segmentation | Ability to perform segmentation based on | ||
| the input data | Yes | No | |
| Intended Use | |||
| Environment | Intraoperative use | No | No |
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Operator profile
Qualified healthcare professionals, including but not restricted to surgeons, radiologists, nonradiology specialists, physicians, and technologists.
Patient population
The device is software that allows for viewing of DICOM data. Therefore, this is not restricted to a specific patient population.
Operating principle
There are different operating principles such as viewing:
- On desktop PCs with a traditional monitor the interaction with the software is performed . with a mouse and/or keyboard.
- On a head-mounted display, the interaction with the software is performed using hand . gestures.
VII. PERFORMANCE DATA
Software Verification and Validation Testing
Software verification and validation testing were conducted, and documentation was provided as recommended by FDA's Guidance for Industry and FDA Staff, "Guidance for the Content of Premarket Submissions for Software Contained in Medical Devices."
This includes verification against defined requirements, and validation against user needs. Both enduser validation and bench testing were performed.
Software verification and validation includes:
- · Verification of each independent software subsystem against defined requirements.
- . Verification of interfaces between software subsystems against defined requirements.
- . Validation of fully integrated systems including all subsystems against overall system requirements.
Measurements Study and Segmentation Study
The purpose of the Measurement study was to evaluate, measure and compare the inter and intra user variability between measurements taken by multiple users in the subject device. Comparison of the inter and intra user measurements showed that all measurements fell within the set acceptance criteria. A combination of orthopedic, and maxillofacial models was used for this study.
For the measurement study the paired t-tests comparing Immersive Touch Ikshana measurements to Medical Mimics measurements resulted in p-values greater than 0.05, indicating a lack of significant difference between the two. Bland Altman plots also confirmed a high level of equivalence for both linear and angular measurements, with 95 percent of differences falling within acceptable limits. Overall, these findings suggested that Immersive Touch Ikshana and Medical Mimics measurements are likely equivalent.
The purpose of the Seementation study was to visually compare segmentation models created by the subject device with a previously cleared reference device Mimics Medical (K183105). The results were validated by subject matter experts. The comparison showed a high level of equivalence between Ikshana and Mimics Medical for all the anatomical models. A combination of cardiovascular, orthopedic, and maxillofacial models was used. For the segmentation study, an average DICE
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coefficient of approximately 96% was achieved for 60 trials comparing ImmersiveTouch and Materialize Mimics volumes. The paired t-test resulted in a p-value above 0.05, suggesting that the null hypothesis of no significant difference between the two volume measurements cannot be rejected, indicating likely equivalence between the two methods.
The results for Segmentation study have been compared with a previously cleared reference device Mimics Medical (K183105). Mimics Medical (K183105), a software interface and image segmentation system that is intended for measuring and treatment planning was used in the Performance Testing to compare the results of the subject device. A measurement accuracy study was conducted to analyze and validate the reproducibility and the accuracy of measurements in subject device in comparison to measurements made in Materialize Mimics. All of the results showed a high level of equivalence between Ikshana and Mimics Medical.
AR HMD Testing
The functioning of the AR HMD was tested through validation tests and the 3D anatomical representations were successfully visualized via the Head mounted display.
Summary
The performance data indicates that the verification and validation testing performed on Ikshana successfully demonstrates conformity to pre-established specifications and acceptance criteria. The acceptance criteria were established in order to demonstrate device performance and substantial equivalence of the software to the predicate device.
VII. CONCLUSIONS
Ikshana demonstrates substantial equivalence to its predicate devices incorporate similar inputs, operations, and outputs.