(88 days)
No
The description focuses on standard image viewing, manipulation, and data management features. There is no mention of AI or ML algorithms being used for analysis, interpretation, or any other function.
No
The device is a medical image viewer intended to aid in diagnosis, not to provide therapy. Its functions are related to the display, storage, and manipulation of images and data for healthcare professionals.
Yes
The "Intended Use / Indications for Use" section explicitly states that the device is "to aid in diagnosis for healthcare professionals."
Yes
The device description explicitly states "MD.ai Viewer consists of configurable software-only modules" and "The web browser based medical image viewer serves as the frontend module". While it interacts with hardware (off-the-shelf workstations and web browsers), the device itself is described as purely software.
Based on the provided information, the MD.ai Viewer is not an In Vitro Diagnostic (IVD) device.
Here's why:
- Definition of IVD: An IVD device is used to examine specimens taken from the human body (like blood, urine, tissue) to provide information about a person's health. This information is used for diagnosis, monitoring, or screening.
- MD.ai Viewer's Function: The MD.ai Viewer is a software-based viewer for medical images (DICOM and non-DICOM). It displays, manipulates, and processes these images to aid healthcare professionals in diagnosis. It does not analyze biological specimens.
The device's intended use and description clearly focus on the visualization and manipulation of medical images, which falls under the category of medical imaging software, not in vitro diagnostics.
N/A
Intended Use / Indications for Use
MD.ai Viewer is a software-based viewer intended to be used with off-the-shelf hardware for the display of DICOM and non-DICOM medical images and other healthcare data to aid in diagnosis for healthcare professionals. It performs operations relating to the transfer, storage, display, and measurement of image data.
MD.ai Viewer allows users to perform image manipulations, including window/level, rotation, measurement and markup. MD.ai Viewer provides 2D display, Multi-Planar Reformatting and 3D visualization of medical image data.
Mobile usage is for reference and referral only.
MD.ai Viewer is not intended for primary mammography interpretation.
Product codes
LLZ
Device Description
MD.ai Viewer is a software-based medical image viewer used with off-the-shelf workstation and web browsers for the 2D & 3D visualization of DICOM and non-DICOM medical images. MD.ai Viewer is intended for storage, display, manipulation, measurement and processing of radiological data, including images, reports and other clinical information. It has the following primary features and functions
- . Zero-footprint HTML5 medical image upload, transfer and display of medical images between facilities
- Easy access to images for all participants in the healthcare process, including radiologists, technologists, physicians, nurses and other patient care practitioners
- Serve as information and data management system for for DICOM and non-DICOM medical images
- . Tools for image manipulation, annotation and measurement.
- . Metadata information and orientation labels display
- . Advanced image manipulation functions like view synchronization across series, 3D visualization like MIP and MPR
- . Advanced image processing filters like histogram equalization (CLAHE) filter to aid in visualization of pathological features in the images
- . Encrypted transmission of medical images through secured networks
- . Encrypted storage of medical images
- . HIPAA-compliant data management, including centralized storage of user activities via audit trails.
- . Management of users, roles, and permissions
MD.ai Viewer consists of configurable software-only modules that display and process digital medical images, and associated medical information to aid in the day-to-day operations and workflow of clinicians and healthcare practitioners. The web browser based medical image viewer serves as the frontend module which users interact with in viewing the imaging data. The backend module handles the connection and processing of data from a variety of sources within the health system, in view of preparing visualizations to be rendered by the viewer.
MD.ai Viewer can connect and access the medical images across different sources in a health system: an existing PACS or VNA, cloud storage or local server-based storage. Users can also upload images securely into MD.ai Viewer which can be shared and enables collaboration with other users. The data connection and imaging data processing is handled by MD.ai Viewer backend module which supports the standardized transmission protocol as defined in the DICOM standard. In situation where secure network link is not available between health system and MD.ai cloud instance, the MD.ai Viewer proxy server can provide a secure and encrypted transfer of imaging data.
Users interact with MD.ai Viewer through a standard web browser, thus providing access to full quality images from anywhere and supporting a greater efficiency for care. MD.ai Viewer utilizes authorization and authentication mechanisms that enforces authorized users to access the imaging data. The system extends beyond the hospital and its internal network. With proper authorization, MD.ai Viewer can be accessed by clinical users outside of the hospital network. This way referring physicians can easily call up the imaging data of their patients or external expert accessing the imaging data for additional opinion.
MD.ai Viewer provides end-users with the ability for industry standard features such as Window/ Level, Image Flip and Rotate, Invert, Hanging Protocol, Image Measurements, and Keyboard/Mouse shortcuts. Images are initially displayed in the 2D view mode, but with the ability to toggle into advanced viewing mode of 3D/MPR for relevant exam type. It supports processing and displaying Multiplanar Reconstruction (MPR) and different intensity rendering modes based on user-defined slab thickness. It also provides image processing filters like histogram equalization (CLAHE) filter to better visualize pathological features when displaying low contrast images from some modality devices.
MD.ai Viewer provides an image rendering mechanism that preloads lower resolution images during image scrolling to improve interactivity and performance for users operating in lower network bandwidth while the full quality image is loaded in the background.
The use of a secure data transmission protocol and data encryption ensure high data security for data management via the Internet. MD.ai Viewer tracks user activity via audit trails and stores the audit data on the centralized server.
Mentions image processing
Yes
Mentions AI, DNN, or ML
Not Found
Input Imaging Modality
CR, CT, DX, IVOCT, MR, MG, NM, OCT, OT, PT, RF, SC, US, XA
Anatomical Site
Not Found
Indicated Patient Age Range
Not Found
Intended User / Care Setting
Healthcare professionals (radiologists, technologists, physicians, nurses and other patient care practitioners), clinical users outside of the hospital network for referring physicians or external expert opinion.
Description of the training set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
Not Found
Description of the test set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
Not Found
Summary of Performance Studies (study type, sample size, AUC, MRMC, standalone performance, key results)
The MD.ai Viewer was subjected to non-clinical performance testing which verified that the design requirements were successfully met. Intended use and user needs were successfully validated. The measurement features of MD.ai Viewer were validated using Digital Reference Objects and comparison with the reference device - K202335.
No clinical performance data were performed for this submission.
Key Metrics (Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV, etc.)
Not Found
Predicate Device(s)
Reference Device(s)
Predetermined Change Control Plan (PCCP) - All Relevant Information
Not Found
§ 892.2050 Medical image management and processing system.
(a)
Identification. A medical image management and processing system is a device that provides one or more capabilities relating to the review and digital processing of medical images for the purposes of interpretation by a trained practitioner of disease detection, diagnosis, or patient management. The software components may provide advanced or complex image processing functions for image manipulation, enhancement, or quantification that are intended for use in the interpretation and analysis of medical images. Advanced image manipulation functions may include image segmentation, multimodality image registration, or 3D visualization. Complex quantitative functions may include semi-automated measurements or time-series measurements.(b)
Classification. Class II (special controls; voluntary standards—Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Std., Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) Std., Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) Test Pattern).
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Image /page/0/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). On the left is the Department of Health & Human Services logo. To the right of that is the FDA logo, with the letters "FDA" in a blue square. To the right of the blue square is the text "U.S. FOOD & DRUG ADMINISTRATION" in blue.
MDAI Inc. % Leon Chen CEO 110 Wall Street NEW YORK NY 10005
Re: K223425
February 10, 2023
Trade/Device Name: MD.ai Viewer Regulation Number: 21 CFR 892.2050 Regulation Name: Medical image management and processing system Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: LLZ Dated: November 9, 2022 Received: November 14, 2022
Dear Leon Chen:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. Although this letter refers to your product as a device, please be aware that some cleared products may instead be combination products. The 510(k) Premarket Notification Database located at https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfpmn/pmn.cfm identifies combination product submissions. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803) for
1
devices or postmarketing safety reporting (21 CFR 4, Subpart B) for combination products (see https://www.fda.gov/combination-products/guidance-regulatory-information/postmarketing-safety-reportingcombination-products); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820) for devices or current good manufacturing practices (21 CFR 4, Subpart A) for combination products; and, if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-safety/medical-device-reportingmdr-how-report-medical-device-problems.
For comprehensive regulatory information about mediation-emitting products, including information about labeling regulations, please see Device Advice (https://www.fda.gov/medicaldevices/device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory-assistance) and CDRH Learn (https://www.fda.gov/training-and-continuing-education/cdrh-learn). Additionally, you may contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education (DICE) to ask a question about a specific regulatory topic. See the DICE website (https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-advice-comprehensive-regulatoryassistance/contact-us-division-industry-and-consumer-education-dice) for more information or contact DICE by email (DICE@fda.hhs.gov) or phone (1-800-638-2041 or 301-796-7100).
Sincerely.
Jessica Lamb
Jessica Lamb, Ph.D. Assistant Director Imaging Software Team DHT8B: Division of Radiological Imaging Devices and Electronic Products OHT8: Office of Radiological Health Office of Product Evaluation and Quality Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
2
Indications for Use
510(k) Number (if known) K223425
Device Name MD.ai Viewer
Indications for Use (Describe)
MD.ai Viewer is a software-based viewer intended to be used with off-the-shelf hardware for the display of DICOM and non-DICOM medical images and other healthcare data to aid in diagnosis for healthcare professionals. It performs operations relating to the transfer, storage, display, and measurement of image data.
MD.ai Viewer allows users to perform image manipulations, including window/level, rotation, measurement and markup. MD.ai Viewer provides 2D display, Multi-Planar Reformatting and 3D visualization of medical image data.
Mobile usage is for reference and referral only.
MD.ai Viewer is not intended for primary mammography interpretation.
| Type of Use (Select one or both , as applicable) |
|---|
| ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
X Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D)
| Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
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Image /page/3/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo for MD.ai. The letters "M" and "D" are in a light blue color, while the ".ai" is in black. The logo is simple and modern, and the use of color makes it visually appealing.
K223425
Administrative Information
| Submitter: | MDAI Inc |
|---|---|
| Submission Type: | Traditional 510(k), New device |
| Address: | 110 Wall Street Suite 6-028, NY, NY 10005 |
| Phone Number: | 917-725-1883 |
| Contact Person/Company Representative | Leon Chen CEO, MDAI Inc |
| Email: | fda@md.ai |
DEVICE INFORMATION
| Trade Name | MD.ai Viewer |
|---|---|
| Common Name | Medical image viewing and analysis software |
| Product Code | LLZ |
| Regulation Number | 892.2050 |
| Regulatory Class | Class 2 |
| Regulatory Name | System, Image Processing, Radiological |
| Review Panel | Radiology |
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Predicate Device Information
| Predicate Device Name | eUnity |
|---|---|
| Predicate Device K Number | K172490 |
| Product Code | LLZ |
| Regulation Number | 892.2050 |
| Regulatory Class | Class 2 |
| Regulatory Name | System, Image Processing, Radiological |
| Review Panel | Radiology |
To our knowledge the predicate device has not been subject to a design related recall.
REFERENCE DEVICE
| Reference Device Name | Ambra PACS including Ambra ProViewer |
|---|---|
| Predicate Device K Number | K202335 |
| Product Code | LLZ |
| Regulation Number | 892.2050 |
| Regulatory Class | Class 2 |
| Regulatory Name | System, Image Processing, Radiological |
| Review Panel | Radiology |
Device Description
MD.ai Viewer is a software-based medical image viewer used with off-the-shelf workstation and web browsers for the 2D & 3D visualization of DICOM and non-DICOM medical images. MD.ai Viewer is intended for storage, display, manipulation, measurement and processing of radiological data, including images, reports and other clinical information. It has the following primary features and functions
- . Zero-footprint HTML5 medical image upload, transfer and display of medical images between facilities
5
MD.ai
510(k) Summary MD.ai Viewer (21 CFR 807.92)
- Easy access to images for all participants in the healthcare process, including radiologists, technologists, physicians, nurses and other patient care practitioners
- Serve as information and data management system for for DICOM and non-DICOM medical images
- . Tools for image manipulation, annotation and measurement.
- . Metadata information and orientation labels display
- . Advanced image manipulation functions like view synchronization across series, 3D visualization like MIP and MPR
- . Advanced image processing filters like histogram equalization (CLAHE) filter to aid in visualization of pathological features in the images
- . Encrypted transmission of medical images through secured networks
- . Encrypted storage of medical images
- . HIPAA-compliant data management, including centralized storage of user activities via audit trails.
- . Management of users, roles, and permissions
6
510(k) Summary MD.ai Viewer (21 CFR 807.92)
Image /page/6/Figure/2 description: The image shows a diagram of a system architecture for a medical imaging platform. On the left side, under the label "Users", are icons representing physicians, radiologists, project admins, and image upload, all connected to a cloud labeled "MD.ai Viewer" via HTTPS. On the right side, under the label "Health System", a proxy server is connected to PACS and modality via DICOM, and cloud storage and identity provider via HTTPS, all connected to the cloud labeled "MD.ai Viewer" via HTTPS.
MD.ai Viewer consists of configurable software-only modules that display and process digital medical images, and associated medical information to aid in the day-to-day operations and workflow of clinicians and healthcare practitioners. The web browser based medical image viewer serves as the frontend module which users interact with in viewing the imaging data. The backend module handles the connection and processing of data from a variety of sources within the health system, in view of preparing visualizations to be rendered by the viewer.
MD.ai Viewer can connect and access the medical images across different sources in a health system: an existing PACS or VNA, cloud storage or local server-based storage. Users can also upload images securely into MD.ai Viewer which can be shared and enables collaboration with other users. The data connection and imaging data processing is handled by MD.ai Viewer backend module which supports the standardized transmission protocol as defined in the DICOM standard. In situation where secure network link is not available between health system and MD.ai cloud instance, the MD.ai Viewer proxy server can provide a secure and encrypted transfer of imaging data.
Users interact with MD.ai Viewer through a standard web browser, thus providing access to full quality images from anywhere and supporting a greater efficiency for care. MD.ai Viewer utilizes authorization and authentication mechanisms that enforces authorized users to access the
7
imaging data. The system extends beyond the hospital and its internal network. With proper authorization, MD.ai Viewer can be accessed by clinical users outside of the hospital network. This way referring physicians can easily call up the imaging data of their patients or external expert accessing the imaging data for additional opinion.
MD.ai Viewer provides end-users with the ability for industry standard features such as Window/ Level, Image Flip and Rotate, Invert, Hanging Protocol, Image Measurements, and Keyboard/Mouse shortcuts. Images are initially displayed in the 2D view mode, but with the ability to toggle into advanced viewing mode of 3D/MPR for relevant exam type. It supports processing and displaying Multiplanar Reconstruction (MPR) and different intensity rendering modes based on user-defined slab thickness. It also provides image processing filters like histogram equalization (CLAHE) filter to better visualize pathological features when displaying low contrast images from some modality devices.
MD.ai Viewer provides an image rendering mechanism that preloads lower resolution images during image scrolling to improve interactivity and performance for users operating in lower network bandwidth while the full quality image is loaded in the background.
The use of a secure data transmission protocol and data encryption ensure high data security for data management via the Internet. MD.ai Viewer tracks user activity via audit trails and stores the audit data on the centralized server
SUBJECT DEVICE INDICATIONS FOR USE
MD.ai Viewer is a software-based viewer intended to be used with off-the-shelf hardware for the display of DICOM and non-DICOM medical images and other healthcare data to aid in diagnosis for healthcare professionals. It performs operations relating to the transfer, storage, display, and measurement of image data.
MD.ai Viewer allows users to perform image manipulations, including window/level, rotation, measurement and markup. MD.ai Viewer provides 2D display, Multi-Planar Reformatting and 3D visualization of medical image data.
Mobile usage is for reference and referral only.
MD.ai Viewer is not intended for primary mammography interpretation.
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SUBJECT DEVICE CONTRAINDICATIONS FOR USE
MD.ai Viewer is not indicated for interpreting mammography.
Substantial Equivalence Discussion
Predicate Device Indications for Use
eUnity is a software application that displays medical image data and associated clinical reports to aid in diagnosis for healthcare professionals. It performs operations relating to the transfer, storage, display, and measurement of image data.
eUnity allows users to perform image manipulations, including window/level, rotation, measurement and markup. eUnity provides 2D display, Multi-Planar Reformatting and 3D visualization of medical image data, and mobile access to images.
eUnity displays both lossless and lossy compressed images. For lossy images, the medical professional user must determine if the level of loss is acceptable for their purposes. Display monitors or mobile devices used for reading medical images for diagnostic purposes must comply with applicable regulatory approvals and with quality control requirements for their use and maintenance. For mobile diagnostic usage when a full workstation is not available.
Mobile usage for mammography is for reference and referral only.
1.1. Subject Device Indications for Use
MD.ai Viewer is a software-based viewer intended to be used with off-the-shelf hardware for the display of DICOM and non-DICOM medical images and other healthcare data to aid in diagnosis for healthcare professionals. It performs operations relating to the transfer, storage, display, and measurement of image data.
MD.ai Viewer allows users to perform image manipulations, including window/level, rotation, measurement and markup. MD.ai Viewer provides 2D display, Multi-Planar Reformatting and 3D visualization of medical image data.
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Mobile usage is for reference and referral only. MD.ai Viewer is not intended for primary mammography interpretation.
Indications for Use Equivalence Discussion 1.2.
The Predicate Device (eUnity) and Subject Device (MD.ai Viewer) are both software-based viewer designed to receive, display, and measure image data and indicated for use to aid in diagnosis for trained healthcare professionals.
Both devices shared common technological characteristics. Both are intended as a zero-download, zero-footprint browser-based viewer. By leveraging the industry standard browser-based technology, both devices enable image data display with off-the-shelf hardware.
Both devices are capable of displaying image data in DICOM format from imaging modalities that are standard in the provision of care as well as non-DICOM image data captured in widely used JPEG or PNG format.
Further comparison between the two devices as performed in Device Comparison Table.
The indications for use of the Predicate Device and Subject Device are substantially equivalent.
| Characteristic | Subject
Device:MD.ai Cloud
Platform | Primary
Predicate:Client
Outlook eUnity | Comment |
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| User Install Requirements | Thin Client - no
install, runs within
browser | Thin Client - no install,
runs within browser | Equivalent |
| Communication | DICOM, non-DICOM | DICOM, non-DICOM,
IHE | The Subject Device supports the DICOM
communication protocol used within the
IHE framework. Similar to the Predicate
Device, it fulfills the role of Image Display
described in the IHE Radiology Integration
Profile. |
| Modalities | CR, CT, DX, IVOCT,
MR, MG, NM, OCT,
OT, PT, RF, SC, US,
XA | CR, CT, DX, ECG, MR,
MG, NM, OP, PR, PT, RF,
SC, SR, US, XA, XL | Key modalities used in provision of care
are supported. |
| Window Level,
Rotate/Pan/Zoom, Reset,
Presets, Invert | Yes | Yes | Equivalent |
| Multi-study viewing, Image
Export, Image Sharing
compliant | Yes | Yes | Equivalent |
| Metadata Display/Hide | Yes | Yes | Equivalent |
| Orientation Labels,
Keyboard Shortcuts | Yes | Yes | Equivalent |
| Measurements,
Annotations | Yes | Yes | Equivalent |
| Full Screen Mode,
Multi-monitor, Layouts | Yes | Yes | Equivalent |
| Linking Series, Image
Scrolling, Linked Scrolling,
Reference Lines | Yes | Yes | Equivalent |
| GSPS, KIN | No | Yes | Subject Device manages the presentation
state as an internal record that allows
Intended users to interact with the
presentation state within the device. The
Subject Device currently does not support
the export of presentation state in GSPS
and KIN. The difference does not impact
the equivalence for the Predicate and
Subject Device. |
| Multiplanar reformat (MPR) | Yes | Yes | Equivalent |
| Maximum Intensity
Projection (MIP) | Yes | Yes | Equivalent |
| Oblique, Volume
Rendering, Opacity Presets,
Scalpel tool, bone removal | No | Yes | The Predicate Device provides additional
capabilities in 3D advanced visualization
which the Subject Device does not have.
The difference does not impact the
equivalence for the Predicate and Subject
Device. |
| Sharpen, blur, emboss,
edge filters | Yes | No | These filters are part of the image
manipulation tool included in the Subject
Device which the users could use when
displaying the image data. The difference
does not impact the equivalence for the
Predicate and Subject Device. |
| Histogram Equalization
filter | Yes | No | These filters are part of the image
manipulation tool included in the Subject
Device which the intended users could
use when displaying the image data. The
difference does not impact the
equivalence for the Predicate and Subject
Device. |
| Data Encryption | HTTPS | HTTPS | Equivalent |
| Data Security | Stored on server | Stored on server | Equivalent |
| Built-in access
control or parent
application access
control | Built-in access control
or parent application
control | Equivalent | Equivalent |
Device Comparison Table
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MD.ai
510(k) Summary MD.ai Viewer (21 CFR 807.92)
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Non-Clinical Performance Testing
The MD.ai Viewer was subjected to non-clinical performance testing which verified that the design requirements were successfully met. Intended use and user needs were successfully validated. The measurement features of MD.ai Viewer were validated using Digital Reference Objects and comparison with the reference device - K202335.
As the intended use, functionality and performance of the subject MD.ai Viewer and predicate eUnity device are equivalent, the result of the non-clinical performance testing is evidence that the MD.ai Viewer performs in an equivalent manner to the eUnity device.
Clinical Performance Data Equivalence Discussion
No clinical performance data were performed for this submission.
Animal Studies Data
No animal studies were performed for this submission.
Conclusion
Based on the comparisons and analyses detailed above in this summary, we believe that the information and performance test reports of the MD.ai Viewer provided in this Traditional
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Image /page/12/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo for MD.ai. The letters "MD" are in a light blue color, while the ".ai" is in black. The letters are simple and modern.
510(k) submission are sufficient to demonstrate the safety and effectiveness as compared to the eUnity (K172490) predicate device.