The system is intended to produce cross-sectional images of the body by computer reconstruction of x-ray transmission data taken at different angles and planes, including Axial, Cine, Helical (Volumetric), Cardiac, and Gated acquisitions. These images may be obtained either with or without contrast. This device may include signal analysis and display equipment, patient and equipment supports, components and accessories.

This device may include data and image processing to produce images in a variety of trans-axial and reformatted planes. Further the images can be post processed to produce additional imaging planes or analysis results.

The system is indicated for head, whole body, cardiac X-ray Computed Tomography applications in patients of all ages.

The device output is a valuable medical tool for the diagnosis of disease, trauma, or abnormality and for planning, guiding, and monitoring therapy.

Device Description

The Revolution Ascend CT system is head and whole body CT system incorporating the same basic fundamental operating principles as the predicate device. It is composed of a gantry, patient table, operator console, host computer, and power distribution unit (PDU), and interconnecting cables. The system also includes image acquisition and reconstruction hardware/software, general system software, accompanying documents, and associated accessories, interconnections. Its materials and construction are identical to our existing marketed products.

Identical to the predicate, Revolution Ascend generates cross-sectional images of the body by computer reconstruction of x-ray transmission data taken at different angles and planes, including Axial, Cine, Helical (Volumetric), Cardiac, and Gated acquisitions modes. Revolution Ascend's Intended Use and Indications for Use remain identical to those of the predicate device.

Revolution Ascend includes virtually all the available features of the predicate device Revolution Maxima. Compared to the predicate, the changes incorporated into Revolution Ascend are primarily to introduce a widended bore gantry for easy handling of large patient, trauma examinations, interventional procedures and radiotherapy planning, and addition of other existing features already available from GE's other CT systems. These ported features include Auto Pilot workflow enabled by Deep learning based patient Auto Positioning, Intelligent Protocoling enabled by Machine Learning, Smart Plan and Auto Prescription all integrated into the modern software platform and GUI adopted from Revolution CT, and cardiac feature Auto Gating and as well as Interventional feature 3D Guidance.

AI/ML Overview

The provided text describes a 510(k) premarket notification for a Computed Tomography (CT) system, Revolution Ascend, seeking substantial equivalence to a predicate device, Revolution Maxima. This document primarily focuses on demonstrating the new device's equivalence to an already cleared device rather than proving its performance against a new set of clinical acceptance criteria through a standalone study with human readers or specific AI performance metrics.

Therefore, the information required for a comprehensive answer regarding acceptance criteria and a study proving a device meets these criteria (especially for a medical AI/CADe device) is largely not present in this document. The submission is for a new iteration of a CT scanner, not a novel AI-powered diagnostic tool requiring specific clinical performance validation for its AI components against a defined ground truth.

However, I can extract the information that is implicitly or explicitly stated, and highlight where the requested information is absent or not applicable to this type of submission.

Acceptance Criteria and Device Performance (Implicit):

Since this is a 510(k) for substantial equivalence to a predicate CT system, the "acceptance criteria" are primarily that the new device, Revolution Ascend, performs as safely and effectively as the predicate device, Revolution Maxima, and other previously cleared GE CT systems for specific features. The performance is assessed through non-clinical bench testing, image quality (IQ) and dose evaluation using phantoms, and verification/validation testing.

Acceptance Criteria Category (Implicit from 510(k) context)	Reported Device Performance (as stated in document)
Overall Safety & Effectiveness	"GE Healthcare believes that the Revolution Ascend is as safe and effective, and performs in a substantially equivalent manner to the predicate device Revolution Maxima (K192686)."
Compliance with Standards	"The Revolution Ascend has completed testing and in compliance with AAMI/ANSI ES 60601-1 and IEC60601-1 Ed. 3.1 and its associated collateral and particular standards, 21 CFR Subchapter J, and NEMA standards XR 25, XR 26, and XR 28." "Revolution Ascend remains compliant with IEC 60601-1 Ed. 3.1 and associated collateral and particular standards, IEC 61223-3-5, NEMA XR25, XR26, and 21 CFR Subchapter J performance standards."
Functional Equivalence	"ldentical to the predicate, Revolution Ascend generates cross-sectional images of the body by computer reconstruction of x-ray transmission data taken at different angles and planes, including Axial, Cine, Helical (Volumetric), Cardiac, and Gated acquisitions modes. Revolution Ascend's Intended Use and Indications for Use remain identical to those of the predicate device." "The changes described above do not change the fundamental control mechanism, operating principle, energy type, and do not change the intended use from the predicate device Revolution Ascend."
Image Quality & Dose Performance	"The performance and image quality specifications are substantially equivalent to the predicate." "IQ and dose evalauition include: Test using standard IQ, QA and ACR phantoms for standard conditions as well as challenging conditions such as with phantoms simulating large patients. Performance testing in accordance with IEC 61223-3-5 ed 2. 3D guidance test with phantoms simulating interventional conditions." "Non-clinical bench test results demonstrated the subject device performs equivalently to the predicate device."
Software Level of Concern	"The substantial equivalence was also based on software documentation for a 'Moderate' level of concern device."

Regarding the Study Proving the Device Meets Acceptance Criteria:

The document describes non-clinical testing for substantial equivalence, not a clinical study designed to prove new performance claims or the efficacy of novel AI features in a clinical setting with human readers.

Sample size used for the test set and the data provenance:
- Test Set Sample Size: No specific number of "cases" or "patients" for a clinical test set is mentioned. The testing involves "standard IQ, QA and ACR phantoms for standard conditions as well as challenging conditions such as with phantoms simulating large patients" and "3D guidance test with phantoms simulating interventional conditions." This indicates laboratory/bench testing using physical phantoms, not a dataset of patient images.
- Data Provenance: Not applicable as clinical data are not the primary basis for performance evaluation in this submission. The tests are "non-clinical bench test results."
Number of experts used to establish the ground truth for the test set and the qualifications of those experts:
- Not applicable. The "ground truth" for non-clinical phantom testing involves established physical properties, measurements, and engineering specifications, not expert clinical interpretation.
Adjudication method (e.g. 2+1, 3+1, none) for the test set:
- Not applicable as no human interpretation or adjudication of a test set is described.
If a multi reader multi case (MRMC) comparative effectiveness study was done, If so, what was the effect size of how much human readers improve with AI vs without AI assistance:
- No MRMC study was done, nor is it described. This submission is for a CT system, not an AI/CADe device requiring direct clinical performance evaluation in synergy with human readers. While the device includes "Intelligent Protocoling enabled by Machine Learning" and "Auto Positioning by Deep Learning," these appear to be workflow/control features, not diagnostic AI features needing MRMC studies for reader performance improvement for a 510(k) submission.
If a standalone (i.e. algorithm only without human-in-the-loop performance) was done:
- No standalone performance study of a diagnostic algorithm is detailed. The performance assessment is focused on the CT system's image quality and dose output, verified through phantom studies and engineering testing, ensuring it's equivalent to the predicate.
The type of ground truth used (expert consensus, pathology, outcomes data, etc):
- For the non-clinical testing, the "ground truth" is based on the known physical properties of the phantoms, established metrics for image quality and dose (e.g., in accordance with IEC 61223-3-5), and design specifications. There's no clinical ground truth (e.g., pathology, expert consensus) involved.
The sample size for the training set:
- The document mentions "Intelligent Protocoling enabled by Machine Learning" and "Auto Positioning by Deep Learning." However, it does not provide any details about the training data size, composition, or provenance for these AI features. As these are described as "workflow features" and integral to the CT system's operation (rather than standalone diagnostic AI tools with independent performance claims), such detail is typically not required for a 510(k) of a CT scanner. They are presented as existing, ported features or minor enhancements that don't alter the fundamental operating principles or intended use.
How the ground truth for the training set was established:
- Not described/provided in the document. (See point 7).

Summary

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November 20, 2020

Image /page/0/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). On the left is the Department of Health & Human Services logo. To the right of that is the FDA logo, with the letters "FDA" in a blue square. Next to that is the text "U.S. FOOD & DRUG ADMINISTRATION" in blue.

GE Healthcare Japan Corporation % Helen Peng Sr. Regulatory Affairs Director GE Medical Systems, LLC 3000 North Grandview Blvd WAUKESHA WI 53188

Re: K203169

Trade/Device Name: Revolution Ascend Regulation Number: 21 CFR 892.1750 Regulation Name: Computed Tomography X-Ray System Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: JAK Dated: October 22, 2020 Received: October 23, 2020

Dear Helen Peng:

We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. Although this letter refers to your product as a device, please be aware that some cleared products may instead be combination products. The 510(k) Premarket Notification Database located at https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfpmn/pmn.cfm identifies combination product submissions. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.

If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.

Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803) for

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devices or postmarketing safety reporting (21 CFR 4, Subpart B) for combination products (see https://www.fda.gov/combination-products/guidance-regulatory-information/postmarketing-safety-reportingcombination-products); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820) for devices or current good manufacturing practices (21 CFR 4, Subpart A) for combination products; and, if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.

Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-safety/medical-device-reportingmdr-how-report-medical-device-problems.

For comprehensive regulatory information about mediation-emitting products, including information about labeling regulations, please see Device Advice (https://www.fda.gov/medicaldevices/device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory-assistance) and CDRH Learn (https://www.fda.gov/training-and-continuing-education/cdrh-learn). Additionally, you may contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education (DICE) to ask a question about a specific regulatory topic. See the DICE website (https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-advice-comprehensive-regulatoryassistance/contact-us-division-industry-and-consumer-education-dice) for more information or contact DICE by email (DICE@fda.hhs.gov) or phone (1-800-638-2041 or 301-796-7100).

Sincerely.

For

Thalia T. Mills, Ph.D. Director Division of Radiological Health OHT7: Office of In Vitro Diagnostics and Radiological Health Office of Product Evaluation and Quality Center for Devices and Radiological Health

Enclosure

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Indications for Use

510(k) Number (if known) K203169

Device Name Revolution Ascend

Indications for Use (Describe)

The system is indicated for head, whole body, cardiac X-ray Computed Tomography applications in patients of all ages.

The device output is a valuable medical tool for the diagnosis of disease, trauma, or abnormality and for planning, guiding, and monitoring therapy.

Type of Use ( Select one or both, as applicable )
X Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D) Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)

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Image /page/3/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo for General Electric (GE). The logo is a blue circle with the letters "GE" written in a stylized script in the center. There are white swirls around the edge of the circle. The logo is simple and recognizable, and it is associated with a well-known company.

510(k) Premarket Notification Submission for Revolution Ascend

510(k) Summary

K203169

This 510(k) summary of Safety and Effectiveness information is submitted in accordance with the requirement of 21 CFR Part 807.87(h).

In accordance with 21 CFR 807.92 the following summary of information is provided:

Date:	October 22, 2020
Submitter:	GE Healthcare Japan Corporation7-127, Asahigaoka, 4-chomeHino-shi, Tokyo, 191-8503, Japan
Primary Contact Person:	Tomohiro ItoSr. Regulatory Affairs LeaderPhone +81-42-585-5383 or +81-90-8346-6807Email: tomohiro.ito@ge.com
Secondary Contact Persons:	Helen PengSr Regulatory Affairs DirectorGE HealthcarePhone Number: 262-4248222e-mail: hong.peng@ge.com
	John JaeckleChief Regulatory Affairs StrategistGE HealthcarePhone Number: 262-424-9547e-mail: John.Jaeckle.com
Product Identification	Revolution Ascend
Device Trade Name:	Revolution Ascend
Regulation Number/ Classification:	Computed Tomography X-ray System, 21 CFR 892.1750/ Class II
Product Code:	90-JAK
Manufacturer	GE Healthcare Japan Corporation7-127, Asahigaoka, 4-chome
	Hino-shi, Tokyo, 191-8503, Japan
Predicate Device Information:
Device Name	Revolution Maxima
510 (K) number	K192686 cleared on October, 2019
Regulation Number/	Computed Tomography X-ray System, 21 CFR 892.1750 /
Classification	Class II
Product Code	90-JAK

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Image /page/4/Picture/0 description: The image shows the General Electric (GE) logo. The logo consists of the letters 'GE' written in a stylized, cursive font, enclosed within a blue circle. The circle has a white border and is surrounded by four white, wave-like shapes, two on each side of the circle.

510(k) Premarket Notification Submission for Revolution Ascend

Marketed Devices:

The Revolution Ascend is a CT device built upon the existing technologies of the predicate device, GE Healthcare' s currently marketed Computed Tomography X-ray System Revolution Maxima (K192686). It is of comparable type and substantially equivalent to Revolution Maxima. In addition, the system has the same intended use and indication for use as that of the predicate device. The system is labeled as the Revolution Ascend.

Device Description:

ldentical to the predicate, Revolution Ascend generates cross-sectional images of the body by computer reconstruction of x-ray transmission data taken at different angles and planes, including Axial, Cine, Helical (Volumetric), Cardiac, and Gated acquisitions modes. Revolution Ascend's Intended Use and Indications for Use remain identical to those of the predicate device.

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Image /page/5/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo for General Electric (GE). The logo consists of the letters "GE" in a stylized script, enclosed within a blue circle. The circle has decorative flourishes resembling water droplets or stylized leaves around its perimeter.

510(k) Premarket Notification Submission for Revolution Ascend

integrated into the modern software platform and GUI adopted from Revolution CT, and cardiac feature Auto Gating and as well as Interventional feature 3D Guidance.

The performance and image quality specifications are substantially equivalent to the predicate. Revolution Ascend remains compliant with IEC 60601-1 Ed. 3.1 and associated collateral and particular standards, IEC 61223-3-5, NEMA XR25, XR26, and 21 CFR Subchapter J performance standards.

Intended Use:

The system is intended to be used for head, whole body Computed Tomography applications.

Indications for Use:

This device may include data and image processing to produce images in a variety of transaxial and reformatted planes. Further the images can be post processed to produce additional imaging planes or analysis results.

The system is indicated for head, whole body, cardiac and vascular X-ray Computed Tomography applications in patients of all ages.

The device output is a valuable medical tool for the diagnosis of disease, trauma, or abnormality and for planning, guiding, and monitoring therapy.

Technology:

Revolution Ascend employs the same basic operating principles and fundamental technologies as the predicate device.

The table below summarizes the substantive feature/technological differences between the predicate device and the proposed device:

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510(k) Premarket Notification Submission for Revolution Ascend

Subsystem	Predicate DeviceRevolution Maxima(K192686)	Proposed DeviceRevolution Ascend
Gantry	Revolution Maxima gantry- Bore: 70cm- Digital Tilt (± 30°)	Revolution Ascend Gantry- Bore: 75cm- Physical Tilt (± 30°)
Patient Table	VT1700v, Lite	VT1700v, VT2000, VT2000x
GUI	Legacy platform	Revolution platform
3D Guidance	Not Available	Available*3D Guidance was cleared inK153429 and ported to proposeddevice
Smart Plan	Not Available	Available*Smart Plan was cleared in K171013and ported to proposed device
Auto Prescription	Not Available	Available* Auto Prescription was cleared inK133705 and ported to proposeddevice
Auto Gating	Not Available	Available* Auto Gating was cleared inK133705 and ported to proposeddevice
Intelligent Protocoling byMachine Learning	Not Available	Available*workflow feature
Auto Positioning by DeepLearning	Available	Available

The changes described above do not change the fundamental control mechanism, operating principle, energy type, and do not change the intended use from the predicate device Revolution Ascend.

Risk Analysis:

Potential electrical, mechanical, and radiation hazards are identified in risk management including hazard analysis and controlled by:

i System verification and validation to ensure performance to specifications, Federal Regulations, and user requirements.
। Adherence and certification to industry and international standards. (UL/CSA and IEC60601-1 Ed.3.1 and associated collateral and particular standards for CT).

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Image /page/7/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo for General Electric (GE). The logo is a blue circle with the letters "GE" in a stylized font in the center. There are three white teardrop shapes around the outside of the circle. The logo is simple and recognizable, and it is associated with a well-known and established company.

510(k) Premarket Notification Submission for Revolution Ascend

Compliance to applicable CDRH 21 CFR subchapter J requirements. -
-Compliance to NEMA XR 25, XR 26, and XR 28.

The device is designed and manufactured under the Quality System Regulations of 21 CFR 820 and ISO 13485.

Determination of Substantial Equivalence:

The Revolution Ascend has completed testing and in compliance with AAMI/ANSI ES 60601-1 and IEC60601-1 Ed. 3.1 and its associated collateral and particular standards, 21 CFR Subchapter J, and NEMA standards XR 25, XR 26, and XR 28. The device has successfully completed engineering design V &V and bench testing in support of substantial equivalence between the subject device and predicate device. The following quality assurance measures were applied to the development of the system:

Risk Analysis
· Required Reviews
Design Reviews
Testing on unit level (Module verification)
Integration testing (System verification)
· Performance testing (Verification)
· Safety testing (Verification)
Simulated use testing (Validation)

GE believes the Revolution Ascend CT system is of comparable type and substantially equivalent to our currently marketed system Revolution Maxima (K192686).

The substantial equivalence was also based on software documentation for a "Moderate" level of concern device.

Summary of Additional Testing

Non-Clinical Testing:

The verification and validation testing have been successfully completed as required by design control procedures under GE Healthcare's quality system. This includes risk management, software verification and validation testing as well as image quality and dose performance evaluation using well established metrics and methods. IQ and dose evalauition include:

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510(k) Premarket Notification Submission for Revolution Ascend

. Test using standard IQ, QA and ACR phantoms for standard conditions as well as challenging conditions such as with phantoms simulating large patients.
. Performance testing in accordance with IEC 61223-3-5 ed 2.
. 3D guidance test with phantoms simulating interventional conditions.

Non-clinical bench test results demonstrated the subject device performs equivalently to the predicate device.

Clinical Testing:

The Revolution Ascend can be fully tested on the engineering bench thus no additional clinical testing was required.

Substantial Equivalence Conclusion:

Based on the conformance to standards, development under our quality system, and the engineering testing provided, GE Healthcare believes that the Revolution Ascend is as safe and effective, and performs in a substantially equivalent manner to the predicate device Revolutiuon Maxima (K192686).

Regulation Number and Section

§ 892.1750 Computed tomography x-ray system.

(a)
Identification. A computed tomography x-ray system is a diagnostic x-ray system intended to produce cross-sectional images of the body by computer reconstruction of x-ray transmission data from the same axial plane taken at different angles. This generic type of device may include signal analysis and display equipment, patient and equipment supports, component parts, and accessories.(b)
Classification. Class II.