Ceramic orthodontic brackets are small devices that are intended to teeth, upon which an orthodontic wire is placed to move the teeth to desired positions. They are indicated for orthodontic treatment in patients of all ages when prescribed by an orthodontist. Ceramic orthodontic brackets are primarily offered as an aesthetic alternative to metal orthodontic brackets. They are close to natural tooth coloring, and blend in well enough that they are not as visible as metal brackets. This aesthetic look is popular with many patients, and especially older patients. Ceramic orthodontic brackets have been in use throughout the orthodontic industry for approximately thirty years.

Like its predicate, Vapor® ceramic brackets are manufactured from polycrystalline alumina (ceramic) material, and have bases that are designed to provide maximum adhesion to the tooth while still allowing for easy and complete removal when necessary. The brackets incorporate a water soluble color placement dot as an indicator for correct selection of brackets for each tooth.

Like its predicate, Vapor® ceramic brackets do not incorporate medicinal substances, tissues, or blood products. They do not include software or accessories, and are delivered non-sterile to the end user. Ceramic brackets are intended to be used only once by a single patient. Product labels contain appropriate "do not reuse" symbols. Orthodontic ceramic brackets are used for the duration of orthodontic treatment, which can last more than 30 months. During this time, the devices remain in direct contact with the patient's oral cavity. Because the intended purpose of the device is clearly understood by licensed orthodontists, instructions for use are not provided.

With the exception of the materials from which they are constructed, the form, fit, and function of orthodontic ceramic brackets are identical to those of traditional metal orthodontic brackets. Orthodontic ceramic brackets, like metal brackets achieve their intended purpose (to move teeth into a desired position) through industry standard "prescriptions" that are pre-programmed into the design of the brackets. That is, specific torques, angulations, and distal offset dimensions are designed into each bracket, along with archwire slots that are designed to accommodate the correct size archwire (typically .018" or .022" thick).

Ceramic brackets are designed with tie wing undercut spaces for orthodontic ligatures. They have a molded ceramic bracket body with rounded corners and edges, and rounded hooks on the distal-qingival tie wings to accommodate ligation during orthodontic treatment. These design characteristics allow a tensioned ligating wire to move the brackets, which are securely bonded to the teeth, along a pre-determined path until the desired tooth position is reached. Elastic ligatures may be used on the tie wings and hooks to further facilitate tooth movement, and to secure the orthodontic wire into the bracket's archwire slot.

AI/ML Overview

The provided 510(k) summary for the Vapor® Ceramic Brackets (K132368) describes performance testing to demonstrate substantial equivalence to a predicate device. However, it does not provide information typically found in studies for AI/ML-based devices regarding acceptance criteria, sample sizes, expert ground truth, adjudication methods, MRMC studies, or standalone algorithm performance. The device is a physical orthodontic bracket, not an AI/ML-based diagnostic or assistive system.

Therefore, many of the requested details are not applicable or not available in this document. I will extract the information that is present concerning acceptance criteria and the "study" (nonclinical performance testing) that demonstrates the device meets these criteria.

Acceptance Criteria and Reported Device Performance for Vapor® Ceramic Brackets (K132368)

The "study" supporting the Vapor® Ceramic Brackets meeting acceptance criteria is a series of nonclinical performance tests designed to compare the device's physical properties and performance against its predicate device (FastBraces® Ceramic Brackets, K130446). The acceptance criteria are implicitly defined by performing "comparably" to or "exceeding" the performance of the predicate device or a minimum performance requirement.

1. Table of Acceptance Criteria and Reported Device Performance

Performance Test	Acceptance Criteria (Implicit)	Reported Device Performance (Vapor® Ceramic Brackets)
Shear Strength Test	Implicit Acceptance Criteria: Equivalent to predicate device K130446, exceeding the minimum test performance requirement, and comparable average value to the predicate device. Additionally, it must "exceed the minimum bond strength required to affix the bracket to the tooth."	The average value was comparable to the predicate device, and the Vapor® bracket exceeded the minimum test performance requirement. The bond strength of Vapor® Ceramic Brackets are comparable to the predicate, and exceed the minimum bond strength required to affix the bracket to the tooth.
Wire Torque Test	Implicit Acceptance Criteria: Equivalent to predicate device K130446, average breaking value exceeding the minimum test performance requirement of 2400 gm Force, and exceeding the breaking value of the predicate device.	The average breaking value of the Vapor® test samples (3,806 gm Force) exceeded the minimum test performance requirement of 2400 gm Force, as well as the breaking value of the predicate device (3,473 gm Force before breakage occurred).
Wire Drag Test	Implicit Acceptance Criteria: Comparable to predicate device K130446, with average drag force within an acceptable range, indicating similar sliding mechanics.	The average drag force of a ligated wire on the Vapor® test samples was slightly higher than the Predicate device, but still within an acceptable range, indicating similar sliding mechanics during treatment.
Bracket Removal Test	Implicit Acceptance Criteria: Equivalent or better than predicate device K130446, showing less fragmentation than the predicate device upon removal.	The Vapor® bracket samples showed less fragmentation than the Predicate device upon removal from the substrates using the specified adhesive. The Vapor® bracket removal test resulted in less bracket fracturing as compared to the predicate device when removing the bracket from a substrate using pliers.

2. Sample Size Used for the Test Set and the Data Provenance

The document does not explicitly state the numerical sample size (n) for each test set. It refers to "test samples" for Vapor® and "the predicate device" implying that multiple units were tested for each scenario.

Data Provenance: The tests are nonclinical (laboratory) performance tests conducted to evaluate the physical properties of the ceramic brackets. The origin is implicitly the manufacturer's testing facility or a certified lab, not patient data from a specific country. This is retrospective in the sense that the device has been manufactured, and its properties are being measured.

3. Number of Experts Used to Establish the Ground Truth for the Test Set and the Qualifications of Those Experts

Not Applicable. For nonclinical performance tests of a physical device like an orthodontic bracket, "ground truth" is established by direct physical measurement according to established test methodologies and engineering standards, rather than expert consensus on interpretive data (like imaging). There are no experts establishing ground truth in the way described for AI/ML devices.

4. Adjudication Method for the Test Set

Not Applicable. Adjudication methods (like 2+1, 3+1) are used to resolve discrepancies in human interpretations, often in clinical studies or expert labeling of data for AI/ML. For these nonclinical performance tests, results are derived from physical measurements.

5. If a Multi-Reader Multi-Case (MRMC) Comparative Effectiveness Study Was Done, If So, What Was the Effect Size of How Much Human Readers Improve with AI vs Without AI Assistance

Not Applicable. This is a physical medical device (orthodontic bracket), not an AI/ML-based diagnostic or assistive system. There are no "human readers" or "AI assistance" involved in its intended use or the testing described.

6. If a Standalone (i.e., algorithm only without human-in-the-loop performance) Was Done

Not Applicable. This is a physical device, not an algorithm.

7. The Type of Ground Truth Used (expert consensus, pathology, outcomes data, etc.)

For these nonclinical performance tests, the "ground truth" is established by physical measurement against engineering specifications and the performance of a legally marketed predicate device. For instance, the sheer strength is a direct measurement of force; resistance to breakage is a direct measurement of force applied before failure.

8. The Sample Size for the Training Set

Not Applicable. This is a physical device, not an AI/ML system that requires a "training set." The ceramic brackets are manufactured, and their performance is then tested.

9. How the Ground Truth for the Training Set Was Established

Not Applicable. As there is no training set, this question is not relevant.

Summary

{0}------------------------------------------------

K 132368

Image /page/0/Picture/1 description: The image shows a logo with the letters 'odp' inside a circle. The letters are in lowercase and appear to be in a bold, sans-serif font. The circle containing the letters is solid black, and it is surrounded by a larger, incomplete circle that is outlined in black. The logo has a slightly distressed or textured appearance, giving it a vintage or worn look.

DEC 19 2013

Orthodontic Design and Production, Inc.

510(k) Summary

510(k) Submitter:	Orthodontic Design & Production, Inc.1370 Decision Street, Suite DVista, California 92081
Official Contact Person:	Richard MerrellRegulatory Affairs ManagerTelephone: (760) 734-3995 ext. 25Facsimile: (760) 734-1735E-mail: rm@odpinc.com
Date Summary wasPrepared:	July 18, 2013
Device Trade Name:	Vapor® Ceramic Brackets
Common Name:	Bracket, Ceramic, Orthodontic
Classification Name:	Orthodontic Ceramic Bracket, Class II(21 CFR 872.5470, Product Code: NJM)
Predicate Device:	K130446, FastBraces® Ceramic Brackets

Description of Device:

1370 Decision Street, Suite D Vista, CA 92081 Phone (760) 734-3995 Fax (760) 734-1735 USA Totl Free 1-800-383-5301 www.odpinc.com

{1}------------------------------------------------

Image /page/1/Picture/0 description: The image shows a logo with the letters "odp" in a stylized, circular design. The letters are in bold, white font against a black circle. A crescent shape surrounds the top and left side of the circle, creating a partial border. The logo has a slightly distressed or textured appearance.

duration of orthodontic treatment, which can last more than 30 months. During this time, the devices remain in direct contact with the patient's oral cavity. Because the intended purpose of the device is clearly understood by licensed orthodontists, instructions for use are not provided.

Intended Use:

Vapor® Ceramic Brackets are intended for orthodontic movement of natural teeth.

Technological Characteristics:

The design, material, and intended use of Vapor® Ceramic Brackets are identical to the predicate device.

Regarding design, Vapor® ceramic brackets and their predicate both incorporate specific torques, angulations, and distal offset dimensions, along with archwire slots that are designed to accommodate the correct size archwire (typically .018" or .022" thick). They both feature tie wing undercut spaces for orthodontic ligatures, have a molded ceramic bracket bodies with rounded corners and edges for patient comfort, and rounded hooks on the distal-gingival tie wings to accommodate ligation during orthodontic treatment.

Regarding materials, Vapor® ceramic brackets and its predicate are manufactured from polycrystalline alumina (ceramic) material, which is of known biocompatibility in the oral environment.

Regarding intended use, the design characteristics of Vapor® ceramic brackets and its predicate allow a tensioned ligating wire to move the brackets, which are securely bonded to the teeth, along a pre-determined path until the desired tooth position is reached. Elastic ligatures mav be used on the tie wings and hooks to further facilitate tooth movement, and to secure the orthodontic wire into the bracket's archwire slot.

1370 Decision Street, Suite D Vista, CA 92081 Phone (760) 734-3995 Fax (760) 734-1735 USA Toll Free 1-800-383-5301 www.odpinc.com

{2}------------------------------------------------

Image /page/2/Picture/0 description: The image shows a logo with the letters "odp" inside of a circle. The letters are in a sans-serif font, with the "o" on the left, the "d" in the middle, and the "p" on the right. The circle is surrounded by a larger, incomplete circle. The logo is black and white.

Comparison of Technological Differences between Subject and Predicate
	SubjectVapor Ceramic Bracket K132368	PredicateFastBraces Ceramic Bracket K130446
Indicationsfor Use	Vapor Ceramic Brackets are intended for orthodonticmovement of natural teeth.	FastBraces Ceramic Brackets are intended fororthodontic movement of natural teeth.
Technology	Vapor® ceramic brackets are single-use devicesintended for use in conjunction with comprehensiveorthodontics to control the movement of individualteeth. This bracket line is designed to have thesame intended use and similar technologicalcharacteristics as the predicate device. Minor designdifferences between the brackets do not raise newtypes of safety or effectiveness issues. Thefundamental features in the brackets are:Wire slots that run mesial and distally throughthe bracket to hold the archwire Tiewings on the gingival and occlusal end of thebrackets that facilitate the anchoring of elasticligatures to hold the wire in place. A base pad surface that incorporates a roughsurface to facilitate bracket bonding to the tooth. A bracket that is comprised of purepolycrystalline aluminum oxide. The Vapor® bracket is intended to be used with both.018" and .022" wire throughout the treatment, andare therefore designed with standard wire slots of.018" and .022". The bracket's tie-wings aredesigned to better contain the elastic ligature withless pressure against the wire.	Fast Braces® ceramic brackets are single-usedevices intended for use in conjunction withcomprehensive orthodontics to control the movementof individual teeth. This bracket line is designed tohave the same intended use and similartechnological characteristics as the predicate device(CDB Corporation's "Reflections" bracket K922499).Minor design differences between the brackets donot raise new types of safety or effectiveness issues.The fundamental features in the brackets are:Wire slots that run mesial and distally throughthe bracket to hold the archwire Tiewings on the gingival and occlusal end of thebrackets that facilitate the anchoring of elasticligatures to hold the wire in place. A base pad surface that incorporates a roughsurface to facilitate bracket bonding to the tooth. A bracket that is comprised of purepolycrystalline aluminum oxide.
Differences	The only difference between the predicate deviceand the Vapor® bracket is the fact that the predicatedevice features a single tie-wing design on thegingival side of the archwire slot, while the Vapor®bracket features a twin tie-wing design to facilitaterotational control during the latter stages oforthodontic treatment.	Minor difference between the FastBraces ceramicbrackets and the predicate device (CDBCorporation's "Reflections" bracket K922499) is thatthe FastBraces bracket is intended to be used with a.020" square super-elastic nickel-titanium wireexclusively throughout the treatment. The bracket isdesigned with a standard wire slot of .022". Thebracket tie-wings are designed to better contain theelastic ligature with less pressure against the wire.This combination of the smaller resilient wire in astandard wire slot with lower ligating forces isintended to produce lower wire drag forces and lessstrain on the bracket.

Comparison of Technological Differences between Subject and Predicate

1370 Decision Street, Suite D Vista, CA 92081 Phone (760) 734-3995 Fax (760) 734-1735 USA Toll Free 1-800-383-5301 www.odpinc.com '

、

发展

{3}------------------------------------------------

Image /page/3/Picture/0 description: The image shows a logo with the letters 'odp' inside a circle. The letters are in a bold, sans-serif font and are white against a black background. The circle is surrounded by a larger, incomplete circle that appears to be textured or slightly distressed. The overall design is simple and modern.

		SubjectVapor Ceramic Bracket K132368		PredicateFastBraces Ceramic Bracket K130446
PerformanceTesting	1.	The Vapor® shear strength is equivalent to thePredicate device because the Vapor® bracketexceeded the minimum test performancerequirement. In the test, the average value wascomparable to the predicate device.	1.	The Fast Braces® shear strength is equivalentto the Predicate device (CDB Corporation's"Reflections" bracket K922499) because theFast braces bracket exceeded the minimum testperformance requirement. In the test theaverage value was greater the predicate device.
		2.	The Vapor® wire torque test is equivalent to thePredicate device because the average breakingvalue of the Vapor® test samples exceeded theminimum test performance requirement of 2400gm Force, as well as the breaking value of thePredicate device.	2.
		3.	The Vapor® wire drag performance test iscomparable to the Predicate device because theaverage drag force of a ligated wire on theVapor® test samples was slightly higher thanthe Predicate device, but still within anacceptable range.	3.
		4.	The Vapor® bracket removal performance test isequivalent or better than the Predicate devicebecause the Vapor® bracket samples showedless fragmentation than the Predicate deviceupon removal from the substrates using thespecified adhesive.	4.

Substantial Equivalence:

Vapor® Ceramic Brackets are safe and effective for their intended use in orthodontic treatment, and perform at least as well as the predicate device listed above. Vaport® ceramic brackets are engineered to be substantially equivalent to the predicate with respect to intended use, technological characteristics, device design, materials, performance, safety, effectiveness, and biocompatibility. Minor design changes are the only variations as compared to the predicate. There are no changes in the intended use or the fundamental scientific technology.

Device Material:

The Vapor® Ceramic Bracket and its predicate are both made of the same ceramic tri polycrystalline alumina, which has a well-documented history of biocompatibility within the oral environment. ODP has prepared a biocompatibility summary report in accordance with ISO 10993-1:2009, which is located in Section 15 of this submission. Because the materials from which the devices are constructed are well established in the orthodontic industry, product testing in regards to biocompatibility was not performed. Instead, a literature review has been conducted in accordance with ISO 10993-1:2009, Annex C. Section 15 of this submission also includes a "Device Composition Statement" similar to the one that was requested by FDA during the review process of the predicate device's submission (K130446). This Device Composition Statement was requested in lieu of MSDS and a laboratory material analysis.

1370 Decision Street, Suite D Vista, CA 92081 Phone (760) 734-3995 Fax (760) 734-1735 USA Toll Free 1-800-383-5301 www.odpinc.com

{4}------------------------------------------------

Image /page/4/Picture/0 description: The image shows a logo with the letters 'odp' inside a circle. The letters 'o' and 'p' are on either side of the letter 'd', which is in the center. The circle is surrounded by a crescent shape, and the entire logo is in black and white. The logo appears to be for an organization or company with the initials 'ODP'.

Device Design:

Vapor® Ceramic Brackets and its predicate both have tie wing undercut spaces for orthodontic ligatures. They each have true-twin tie wings, i.e. four tiewings, for versatile use with auxiliaries. Vapor® Ceramic Brackets and its predicate also contain base flanges for bracket placement and adhesive flash cleanup. Vapor® Ceramic Brackets and its predicate contain a molded ceramic bracket body with rounded corners and edges, and a round hook on the distal-gingival tiewings. Like its predicate, certain Vapor® Ceramic brackets contain vertical slot and stress concentrators to facilitate debonding of the bracket from the tooth.

Nonclinical Performance Testing:

The nonclinical performance testing analysis shows that Vapor® Ceramic Brackets perform comparably to the predicate device as follows:

Shear Test measures shear strength required to remove a bonded bracket from a 1. substrate when a force is applied in the occlusal direction. The test results showed that the bond strength of Vapor® Ceramic Brackets are comparable to the predicate, and exceed the minimum bond strength required to affix the bracket to the tooth.
Wire Torque Test measures the torsional force required to break a bonded bracket when 2. a rectangular wire is twisted in the wire slot. The test results showed comparable bracket strengths, with the Vapor® wire torque test averaging 3,806 gm Force, and the predicate device averaging 3.473 am Force before breakage occurred.
Wire Drag Test measures the force required to drag a ligated stainless steel wire through 3. the slot of a bonded bracket. The test results showed that slightly higher forces (but still within an acceptable range) were required to drag the Vapor® ceramic bracket along a ligated stainless steel wire than the predicate, indicating similar sliding mechanics during treatment.
Bracket Removal Test evaluates the visual condition of a bonded bracket after twisting it বা off the substrate with pliers. The Vapor® bracket removal test resulted in less bracket fracturing as compared to the predicate device when removing the bracket from a substrate using pliers.

Clinical Performance Testing:

No clinical performance testing was conducted on Vapor® Ceramic Brackets.

Conclusion:

ODP's Vapor® Ceramic Brackets are standard orthodontic appliances that are similar to those that have been legally marketed and used safely and effectively for many years in the clinical environment. Vapor® ceramic brackets are engineered to be substantially equivalent to the predicate with respect to intended use, technological characteristics, device design, materials, performance, safety, effectiveness, and biocompatibility. There are no major differences between the Vapor® Ceramic Brackets and the predicate device cited. Therefore, Vapor® Ceramic Brackets raise no new issues of safety or effectiveness.

Vapor® Ceramic Brackets are designed and manufactured to industry-standard specifications using materials that have a well established and documented history of biocompatibility within the oral environment. As designed, Vapor® Ceramic Brackets are as safe and effective as the predicate device, and are determined to be substantially equivalent to the referenced predicate device currently on the market. Taking these factors into account, it can be safely concluded that ODP's Vapor® Ceramic Brackets are of low risk to the end user, are clinically safe, and perform at least as well as the predicate device referred to herein.

1370 Decision Street, Suite D Vista, CA 92081 Phone (760) 734-3995 Fax (760) 734-1735 USA Toll Free 1-800-383-5301 www.odpinc.com

{5}------------------------------------------------

Image /page/5/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The logo consists of a stylized eagle or bird-like symbol with three curved lines forming its body and wings. The logo is encircled by the text "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES - USA" in a circular arrangement.

Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Document Control Center - WO66-G609 Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002

December 19th, 2013

Orthodontic Design & Production, Incorporated Mr. Richard Merrell Regulatory Affairs Manager 1370 Decision Street, Suite D Vista, CA 92081

Re: K132368

Trade/Device Name: Vapor® Ceramic Brackets Regulation Number: 21 CFR 872.5470 Regulation Name: Orthodontic Plastic Bracket Regulatory Class: II Product Code: NJM Dated: November 7, 2013 Received: November 12, 2013

Dear Mr. Merrell:

We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.

If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register,

{6}------------------------------------------------

Page 2 - Mr. Merrell

-Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting (reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.

If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801), please contact the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its tollfree number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Resourcesfor You/Industry/default.htm. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to

http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm for the CDRH's Office of Surveillance and Biometrics/Division of Postmarket Surveillance.

You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/ResourcesforYou/Industry/default.htm.

Sincerely yours,

Erin I. Keith, M.S. Acting Director Division of Anesthesiology, General Hospital, Respiratory, Infection Control and Dental Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health

for

Enclosure

{7}------------------------------------------------

Image /page/7/Picture/0 description: The image shows a logo with the letters 'odp' inside a circle. The letters 'o' and 'd' are on the left side of the circle, while the letter 'p' is on the right side. The circle has a white outline and a black fill. The letters are white. The logo appears to be slightly distressed, with some pixelation and rough edges.

Indications for Use

K132368 510(k) Number Vapor® Ceramic Brackets Device Name: Vaporto Ceramic Brackets are indicated for orthodontic Indications for Use: movement of natural teeth. AND/OR Over the Counter Use Prescription Use X (21 CFR 801 Subpart C) (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D) (PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE-CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED) Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE) .............................................................................................................................................................................. -5. : 18.00 2013.12.16 : 10:54:43 -05'00' Page 1 of 1 1370 Decision Street, Suite D Vista, CA 92081 Phone (760) 734-3995 Fax (760) 734-1735 USA Toll Free 1-800-383-5301 www.odpinc.com .
SARATION AR .

Regulation Number and Section

§ 872.5470 Orthodontic plastic bracket.

(a)
Identification. An orthodontic plastic bracket is a plastic device intended to be bonded to a tooth to apply pressure to a tooth from a flexible orthodontic wire to alter its position.(b)
Classification. Class II.