(147 days)
No
The description focuses on laser triangulation and image processing for 3D surface reconstruction and motion detection, without mentioning AI/ML algorithms. The "advanced laser technology with multipurpose software modules" and "sophisticated data management, analysis and reporting functionalities" do not explicitly indicate AI/ML.
No.
The device is intended to assist in patient positioning and motion supervision during radiation therapy, but it does not directly treat or diagnose a disease. Rather, it serves as an adjunctive device to treatment equipment.
No
The device is primarily used for patient positioning and motion supervision in radiation therapy, and it explicitly states that it cannot directly determine the location of the intended treatment target. While it provides a respiratory signal to diagnostic imaging equipment, its core function is not to diagnose conditions but to assist in treatment delivery and quality assurance.
No
The device description explicitly states that the Sentinel system hardware consists of a single scanner unit containing a laser and camera, which is connected to a PC running the software. This indicates the device includes significant hardware components beyond just software.
Based on the provided information, this device is not an In Vitro Diagnostic (IVD).
Here's why:
- IVDs analyze biological samples: In Vitro Diagnostics are designed to examine specimens taken from the human body, such as blood, urine, tissue, etc., to provide information about a person's health.
- This device analyzes external patient surface: The Sentinel system uses laser and camera technology to capture and analyze the external surface of the patient. It does not interact with or analyze any biological samples.
- Intended Use is for patient positioning and motion monitoring: The primary functions described are accurate and reproducible patient positioning, patient motion supervision during radiation therapy, and providing a respiratory signal for imaging. These are all related to the physical positioning and movement of the patient, not the analysis of biological markers.
Therefore, the Sentinel system falls under the category of a medical device used in radiation therapy, but it is not an In Vitro Diagnostic device.
N/A
Intended Use / Indications for Use
The system is intended for use in radiation therapy clinics together with diagnostic or treatment equipment and provides:
- accurate and reproducible patient positioning.
- patient motion supervision with an audible and/or visual alarm whenever the patient motion during treatment is outside of the specified tolerance values, while still allowing for normal breathing motion without triggering the alarm.
- a respiratory signal to be supplied to diagnostic imaging equipment (primarily CTs) for prospectively and retrospectively (aka 4DCT) gated imaging and reconstruction.
The system cannot directly determine the location of the intended treatment target, since only the patient external surface is detected. The actual target position must therefore, whenever deemed necessary by qualified personnel, be verified using other systems such as CBCT or EPID.
Product codes
IYE
Device Description
The Sentinel system is intended for use in radiation therapy clinics to accurately position patients in a reproducible way, prior to treatment and to monitor the patient continuously during treatment. The system provides information about a patient's position and the adjustments required in order to position the patient as close as possible to a reference setup. During monitoring, the system reports deviations in the patient's position during treatment.
The system shall only be used by hospital personnel, qualified to work in radiation therapy or diagnostics departments.
The Sentinel platform is based on advanced laser technology with multipurpose software modules covering different tasks in the treatment procedure. The c4D multi-application software supports all modes of operation in one integrated package. The software is user friendly and requires a minimum of user interaction in the daily clinical workflow, while providing the advanced user with sophisticated data management, analysis and reporting functionalities. The software is designed to integrate with existing systems at the clinic, such as CT, linacs and R&V systems, and with motorized couch tops.
The Sentinel system does not require any markers to be placed on the patient or the couch, and doesn't subject the patient to any additional radiation. This also means that the personnel can stay in the treatment room during the whole set up procedure.
Sentinel includes three application modules, cPosition for fast and accuracy patient positioning, cMotion for motion detection during the treatment delivery procedure and cRespiration for respiratory gating diagnostic CT imaging, so called 4D CT studies. Patient positioning before the actual treatment begins, together with subsequent motion detection, ensures that the patient's position is correct both before and during the whole treatment delivery.
The Sentinel hardware consists of a single scanner unit containing the laser and camera, mounted in the ceiling in front of the gantry. The scanner is connected to the PC running the c4D software.
During patient surface acquisition, a laser line is swept along the patient while the camera records a number of images. From the data acquired, a complete 3D surface of the patient can be reconstructed using laser line triangulation. For patient positioning, the acquired surface is captured in a few seconds and can contain several hundred contours. For motion detection the number of contours are typically lowered so that the desired frame rate is achieved. The system is capable of acquiring more than 50 contours per second.
Mentions image processing
Not Found
Mentions AI, DNN, or ML
Not Found
Input Imaging Modality
Laser (for surface acquisition), CT (for reference data and gated imaging), CBCT or EPID (for verification of target position)
Anatomical Site
Not Found
Indicated Patient Age Range
Not Found
Intended User / Care Setting
Hospital personnel, qualified to work in radiation therapy or diagnostics departments, in radiation therapy clinics.
Description of the training set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
Not Found
Description of the test set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
Non-clinical (phantom) tests have been performed in collaboration with three hospitals in Europe: Uppsala (Sweden), Malmö (Sweden), and Lisbon (Portugal). A summary of all V & V activities are found in the Verification and Validation report.
Summary of Performance Studies (study type, sample size, AUC, MRMC, standalone performance, key results)
Non-clinical (phantom) tests were performed.
Key results: It is concluded that the non clinical tests demonstrates that the device is safe, as effective, and performs as well as the legally marketed device Sentinel (K082582).
Key Metrics (Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV, etc.)
Not Found
Predicate Device(s)
Reference Device(s)
Not Found
Predetermined Change Control Plan (PCCP) - All Relevant Information
Not Found
§ 892.5050 Medical charged-particle radiation therapy system.
(a)
Identification. A medical charged-particle radiation therapy system is a device that produces by acceleration high energy charged particles (e.g., electrons and protons) intended for use in radiation therapy. This generic type of device may include signal analysis and display equipment, patient and equipment supports, treatment planning computer programs, component parts, and accessories.(b)
Classification. Class II. When intended for use as a quality control system, the film dosimetry system (film scanning system) included as an accessory to the device described in paragraph (a) of this section, is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 892.9.
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Traditional 510(k) SUMMARY
Owner
JUL 300 2012
C-RAD Positioning AB Bredgränd 18 753 20 Uppsala Phone no: +46 18 666930 Fax no: +46 18 126930
Contact person
Fred Persson Quality Manager Phone no: +46 63 199332
Date of preparation
February 29, 2012
Trade name of device Sentinel
Common name
Radiotherapy positioning system
Classification name
Medical charged-particle radiation therapy system Regulation: 21 CFR 892.5050 .
Predicate marketed devices
Sentinel (K082582) - C-RAD Positioning AB
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Device description
The Sentinel system is intended for use in radiation therapy clinics to accurately position patients in a reproducible way, prior to treatment and to monitor the patient continuously during treatment. The system provides information about a patient's position and the adjustments required in order to position the patient as close as possible to a reference setup. During monitoring, the system reports deviations in the patient's position during treatment.
The system shall only be used by hospital personnel, qualified to work in radiation therapy or diagnostics departments.
The Sentinel platform is based on advanced laser technology with multipurpose software modules covering different tasks in the treatment procedure. The c4D multi-application software supports all modes of operation in one integrated package. The software is user friendly and requires a minimum of user interaction in the daily clinical workflow, while providing the advanced user with sophisticated data management, analysis and reporting functionalities. The software is designed to integrate with existing systems at the clinic, such as CT, linacs and R&V systems, and with motorized couch tops.
The Sentinel system does not require any markers to be placed on the patient or the couch, and doesn't subject the patient to any additional radiation. This also means that the personnel can stay in the treatment room during the whole set up procedure.
Sentinel includes three application modules, cPosition for fast and accuracy patient positioning, cMotion for motion detection during the treatment delivery procedure and cRespiration for respiratory gating diagnostic CT imaging, so called 4D CT studies. Patient positioning before the actual treatment begins, together with subsequent motion detection, ensures that the patient's position is correct both before and during the whole treatment delivery.
The Sentinel hardware consists of a single scanner unit containing the laser and camera, mounted in the ceiling in front of the gantry. The scanner is connected to the PC running the c4D software.
During patient surface acquisition, a laser line is swept along the patient while the camera records a number of images. From the data acquired, a complete 3D surface of the patient can be reconstructed using laser line triangulation. For patient positioning, the acquired surface is captured in a few seconds and can contain several hundred contours. For motion detection the number of contours are typically lowered so that the desired frame rate is achieved. The system is capable of acquiring more than 50 contours per second.
cPosition
Once the treatment planning has been performed, the resulting plan can be transferred to the Sentinel system through import from the industry-standard DICOM format, creating the reference data necessary for patient positioning. Reference data can also be created by using the Sentinel laser scanner. In the treatment room, synchronization with the IJNAC or R&V (Record and Verify) system ensures that the correct reference data is called up automatically when the patient is selected for treatment, and also eliminates the need for any manual selection of the patient in the Sentinel system.
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By advanced surface registration algorithms the actual patient position is compared to the predefined reference, suggesting within seconds a correction in six degrees of freedom of the patient's position. With interface to major accelerator vendors the suggested patient position is transferred to the respective couch control system and fast and accurate alignment is achieved.
cMotion
During the treatment delivery phase it is critical that the patient does not change position and that the treatment is delivered in accordance with the plan. cNotion monitors the movement of the patient during treatment delivery and automatically warns if the patient moves outside the allowed tolerances. This eliminates the need for visual monitoring by the staff, adding convenience as well as safety.
cRespiration
The Sentinel system allows you to perform prospectively or retrospectively gated imaging (4DCT) and with an interface to the CT system the user can easily integrate cRespiration to the clinical work flow with improved accuracy in the CT room. cRespiration allows you to have two detection points which enables both thoracic and abdominal breathing motions to be detected in parallel.
Intended use
The system is intended for use in radiation therapy clinics together with diagnostic or treatment equipment and provides:
- . accurate and reproducible patient positioning.
- . patient motion supervision with an audible and/or visual alarm whenever the patient motion during treatment is outside of the specified tolerance values, while still allowing for normal breathing motion without triggering the alarm.
- a respiratory signal to be supplied to diagnostic imaging equipment (primarily . CTs) for prospectively and retrospectively (aka 4DCT) gated imaging and reconstruction.
The system cannot directly determine the location of the intended treatment target, since only the patient external surface is detected. The actual target position must therefore, whenever deemed necessary by qualified personnel, be verified using other systems such as CBCT or EPID.
The differences in indications for use from its predicate device Sentinel (K082582) are only meant to clarify that respiratory motion is specifically monitored, in addition to general patient motion. The modifications do not affect the safety and effectiveness of the device when used as labeled.
Technological comparison
There are no changes to the technology compared to the predicate device. A "gating box" has however been added to enable interfacing to C.T systems.
Safety and Effectiveness
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Image /page/3/Picture/0 description: The image shows the text "C-RAD" in a stylized font. The "C" is a bold, sans-serif letter, and the "RAD" is also in a bold font, with a slightly rounded appearance. To the left of the "C", there is a geometric shape that appears to be a stylized letter or symbol, possibly an "N" or a stylized logo. The overall impression is of a logo or brand name.
Verification and validation has been carried out according to the C-RAD quality management system.
For the functionality of sending data to the CT for gated imaging and/or reconstruction, non-clinical (phantom) tests have been performed in collaboration with three hospitals in Europe: Uppsala (Sweden), Malmö (Sweden), and Lisbon (Portugal). A summary of all V & V activities are found in the Verification and Validation report, see 16 V&V report.
It is concluded that the non clinical tests demonstrates that the device is safe, as effective, and performs as well as the legally marketed device Sentinel (K082582).
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Image /page/4/Picture/0 description: The image shows the seal of the Department of Health & Human Services USA. The seal is circular, with the text "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES USA" arranged around the perimeter. In the center of the seal is a stylized symbol that resembles a bird in flight, composed of three curved lines.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES
Food and Drug Administration 10903 New Hampshire Avenue Document Control Room - WO66-G609 Silver Spring. MD 20993-0002
JUL 30 2012
Mr. Fred Persson Quality Manager C-RAD Positioning AB Bredgrand 18 UPPSALA 753 20 SWEDEN
Re: K120668
Trade/Device Name: Sentinel Regulation Number: 21 CFR 892.5050 Regulation Name: Medical charged-particle radiation therapy system Regulatory Class: II Product Code: IYE Dated: July 2, 2012 Received: July 18, 2012
Dear Mr. Persson:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into class II (Special Controls), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in Title 21, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Parts 800 to 895. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21)CFR-Parts 801 and 809); medical device reporting (reporting of
5
medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803); and good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820). This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your Section 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Parts 801 and 809), please contact the Office of In Vitro Diagnostic Device Evaluation and Safety at (301) 796-5450. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to
http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm for the CDRH's Office of Surveillance and Biometrics/Division of Postmarket Surveillance.
You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 796-7100 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/industry/support/index.html.
Sincerely Yours,
Janine M. Morris
Acting Director Division of Radiological Devices Office of In Vitro Diagnostic Device Evaluation and Safety Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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INDICATIONS FOR USE
Traditional 510(k) Number (if known): K120668
Device Name: Sentinel
Indications for use:
The system is intended for use in radiation therapy clinics together with diagnostic or treatment equipment and provides:
- accurate and reproducible patient positioning. .
- patient motion supervision with an audible and/or visual alarm whenever . the patient motion during treatment is outside of the specified tolerance values, while still allowing for normal breathing motion without triggering the alarm.
- a respiratory signal to be supplied to diagnostic imaging equipment . (primarily CTs) for prospectively and retrospectively (aka 4DCT) gated imaging and reconstruction.
The system cannot directly determine the location of the intended treatment target, since only the patient external surface is detected. The actual target position must therefore, whenever deemed necessary by qualified personnel, be verified using other systems such as CBCT or EPID.
Prescription Use X (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D)
810K
AND/OR
Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE-CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
A
(Division Sign-Off)
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