(105 days)
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No
The device description details a standard enzyme immunoassay and data analysis using a point-to-point curve fit with calibration curve fitting software, which are not AI/ML techniques. The performance study uses Cox regression models, a statistical method, not AI/ML. There is no mention of AI, DNN, or ML in the provided text.
No
This device is an in vitro diagnostic (IVD) test that aids in predicting risk for coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke by quantitatively determining Lp-PLA2 in human plasma. It does not provide any treatment or therapy.
Yes
The device is described as an aid in predicting risk for coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke, which makes it a diagnostic device.
No
The device description explicitly states it is a "test kit" containing physical components like calibrators, antibodies, microwell strips, buffers, and reagents. While it mentions "appropriate calibration curve fitting software" for data analysis, the core of the device is a physical immunoassay kit.
Yes, this device is an IVD (In Vitro Diagnostic).
Here's why:
- Intended Use: The intended use explicitly states that the test is for the "quantitative determination of Lp-PLA2... in human plasma". This indicates that the test is performed on a biological sample taken from the body.
- Device Description: The description details a "test kit" containing reagents, antibodies, and microwell strips used to perform an "enzyme immunoassay". This is a common method for in vitro diagnostic testing.
- Principle of Operation: The test is based on a "sandwich enzyme immunoassay", which is a laboratory technique performed outside of the body.
- Performance Studies: The performance studies involve analyzing "banked EDTA-plasma samples", further confirming the use of biological samples in a laboratory setting.
All of these points align with the definition of an In Vitro Diagnostic device, which is a medical device intended for use in vitro for the examination of specimens derived from the human body solely or principally for the purpose of providing information concerning a physiological or pathological state, or congenital abnormality, or to determine the compatibility of a transplant organ with a potential recipient, or to monitor therapeutic measures.
N/A
Intended Use / Indications for Use
The diaDexus PLAC™ test is an enzyme immunoassay for the quantitative determination of Lp-PLA2 (lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2) in human plasma, to be used in conjunction with clinical evaluation and patient risk assessment as an aid in predicting risk for coronary heart disease, and ischemic stroke associated with atherosclerosis.
Product codes
NOE
Device Description
The diaDexus PLAC™ test kit contains Lp-PLA2 calibrators, monoclonal anti-Lp-PLA2 (4B4) antibody conjugated to horseradish peroxidase, monoclonal anti-Lp-PLA2 (2C10) antibodycoated microwell strips with a stripwell frame, various buffers and related reagents, and a package insert. Each stripwell can be used for performing only one set of tests (i.e. single use). One plate may accommodate up to 40 clinical samples when assayed in duplicate. The kit expiration date and storage conditions are indicated on the package.
The diaDexus PLAC™ test is based on the standard principle of a sandwich enzyme immunoassay using two specific monoclonal antibodies. A set of Lp-PLA2 calibrators is used to plot a standard curve of absorbance (y-axis) versus Lp-PLA2 concentration in ng/mL (x-axis) from which the Lp-PLA2 concentration in the test sample can be determined. The concentration of Lp-PLA2 in each sample and control is then interpolated from the standard curve using a point-to-point curve fit with appropriate calibration curve fitting software.
Mentions image processing
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Mentions AI, DNN, or ML
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Input Imaging Modality
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Anatomical Site
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Indicated Patient Age Range
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Intended User / Care Setting
Prescription Use
Description of the training set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
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Description of the test set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
A clinical study was conducted to determine the efficacy of the diaDexus PLAC™ test as a predictor of risk for ischemic stroke associated with atherosclerosis. In this case-cohort study, Lp-PLA2 levels were evaluated in 956 banked EDTA-plasma samples from a large, multi-center, observational epidemiology study sponsored by the National Institutes of Health's National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, conducted in the United States (the ARIC study). Participants entered the study free of stroke and were followed for the development of stroke for up to nine years. Of the 956 participants selected for the Lp-PLA2 study, 194 subsequently suffered an ischemic stroke as defined by the ARIC investigators (cases) and 762 were stroke-free at the time of censor (controls).
Summary of Performance Studies (study type, sample size, AUC, MRMC, standalone performance, key results)
A clinical study was conducted to determine the efficacy of the diaDexus PLAC™ test as a predictor of risk for ischemic stroke associated with atherosclerosis. In this case-cohort study, Lp-PLA2 levels were evaluated in 956 banked EDTA-plasma samples from a large, multi-center, observational epidemiology study sponsored by the National Institutes of Health's National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, conducted in the United States (the ARIC study). Participants entered the study free of stroke and were followed for the development of stroke for up to nine years. Of the 956 participants selected for the Lp-PLA2 study, 194 subsequently suffered an ischemic stroke as defined by the ARIC investigators (cases) and 762 were stroke-free at the time of censor (controls). Cox regression models were used to evaluate the association of Lp-PLA2 and stroke in a univariate analysis (Model 1), a univariate analysis adjusted for demographics (Model 2), a multivariate analysis adjusted for demographics, diabetes, LDL, HDL, blood pressure, smoking status, body mass index (BMI), and CRP (Model 3), and all factors including CHD status (Model 4). Using tertile cutpoints of Lp-PLA2, the hazard ratios of the Cox regression analyses demonstrate that Lp-PLA2 is a significant predictor of time to stroke for the 3ª tertile (3T) when compared to the 1st tertile (1T). These data support the clinical utility of the diaDexus PLAC™ test to be used as a predictor of risk for ischemic stroke associated with atherosclerosis, even after adjustment for traditional risk factors, other inflammatory biomarkers, and CHD status.
Key Results (Risk Ratios 3T vs. 1T):
Model 1 (univariate analysis): 1.79 (p=0.0010)
Model 2 (adjusted for age, race and gender): 2.09 (p=0.0001)
Model 3 (adjusted for age, race, gender, diabetes, LDL, HDL, blood pressure, smoking, BMI and CRP): 1.81 (p=0.0034)
Model 4 (adjusted for age, race, gender, diabetes, LDL, HDL, blood pressure, smoking, BMI, CRP, and CHD status): 1.75 (p=0.0057)
Key Metrics (Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV, etc.)
Analytical Sensitivity (Detection Limit): 1.3 ng/mL
Linearity/Assay Range: 90 — 897 ng/mL
Intra-assay precision (n=80): ranged from 4.3 %CV throughout assay range
Inter-assay precision (n=20): ranged from 6.3 %CV to 8.7 %CV throughout assay range
Predicate Device(s): If the device was cleared using the 510(k) pathway, identify the Predicate Device(s) K/DEN number used to claim substantial equivalence and list them here in a comma separated list exactly as they appear in the text. List the primary predicate first in the list.
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Reference Device(s): Identify the Reference Device(s) K/DEN number and list them here in a comma separated list exactly as they appear in the text.
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Predetermined Change Control Plan (PCCP) - All Relevant Information
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§ 866.5600 Low-density lipoprotein immunological test system.
(a)
Identification. A low-density lipoprotein immunological test system is a device that consists of the reagents used to measure by immunochemical techniques the low-density lipoprotein in serum and other body fluids. Measurement of low-density lipoprotein in serum may aid in the diagnosis of disorders of lipid (fat) metabolism and help to identify young persons at risk from cardiovascular diseases.(b)
Classification. Class II (performance standards).
0
510(k) Summary diaDexus PLAC™ Test
This summary of 510(k) safety and effectiveness information is being submitted in accordance with the requirements of SMDA 1990 and 21 CFR 807.92.
The assigned 510(k) number is: K050523
| General Information | |
|---|---|
| Name and Address of Applicant: | diaDexus, Inc. |
| 343 Oyster Point Blvd. | |
| South San Francisco, CA 94080 | |
| Device Trade Name: | diaDexus PLAC™ test |
| Generic Name: | Enzyme Immunoassay for the Quantitative |
| Determination of Lp-PLA2 (Lipoprotein-Associated | |
| Phospholipase A2) in Human Plasma |
Intended Use
The diaDexus PLAC™ test is an enzyme immunoassay for the quantitative determination of Lp-PLA2 (lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2) in human plasma, to be used in conjunction with clinical evaluation and patient risk assessment as an aid in predicting risk for coronary heart disease, and ischemic stroke associated with atherosclerosis.
Device Description
The diaDexus PLAC™ test kit contains Lp-PLA2 calibrators, monoclonal anti-Lp-PLA2 (4B4) antibody conjugated to horseradish peroxidase, monoclonal anti-Lp-PLA2 (2C10) antibodycoated microwell strips with a stripwell frame, various buffers and related reagents, and a package insert. Each stripwell can be used for performing only one set of tests (i.e. single use). One plate may accommodate up to 40 clinical samples when assayed in duplicate. The kit expiration date and storage conditions are indicated on the package.
1
June 13, 2005
The diaDexus PLAC™ test is based on the standard principle of a sandwich enzyme immunoassay using two specific monoclonal antibodies. A set of Lp-PLA2 calibrators is used to plot a standard curve of absorbance (y-axis) versus Lp-PLA2 concentration in ng/mL (x-axis) from which the Lp-PLA2 concentration in the test sample can be determined. The concentration of Lp-PLA2 in each sample and control is then interpolated from the standard curve using a point-to-point curve fit with appropriate calibration curve fitting software.
Characterization of Rare Reagents
Antigen
The antigen used in the diaDexus enzyme immunoassay PLAC™ test is purfified recombinant Lp-PLA2 (DDX-RA). Antigen preparations were characterized using SDSpolyacrylamide gels under reducing and non-reducing conditions and Western blot analysis using an anti-Lp-PLA2 antibody, to demonstrate consistency with the molecular weight of the antigen reported in the literature,
Antibodies
The monoclonal anti-Lp-PLA2 antibodies used in the preparation of the coated microwell strips (2C10) and conjugate (4B4) were characterized for purity and reactivity in a series of procedures including Paragon gel electrophoresis, SDS-PAGE, size exclusion chromatography, isotyping and enzyme immunoassay. These results demonstrated that the monoclonal antibodies bind to the Lp-PLA2 antigen quantitatively and specifically.
Performance Characteristics - Analytical
Analytical Sensitivity (Detection Limit)
The minimum detection limit, as calculated by interpolation of the mean plus two standard deviations of 24 replicates of the 0 ng/mL Lp-PLA2 calibrator, is 1.3 ng/mL.
Linearity/Assay Range
90 — 897 ng/mL
2
Interfering Substances
No appreciable interference from the addition of the following substances at the noted concentrations:
- Hemoglobin 500 mg/dL ●
- Triglycerides 3,000 mg/dL ●
- Cholesterol 500 mg/dL .
- Bilirubin 20 mg/dL .
- Albumin 6.2 g/dL* ●
- Aspirin — 50 mg/dL
- . Tylenol® - 20 mg/dL
- Vitamin C 50 mg/dL .
- Benadryl® 50 mg/dL ●
- Orinase 100 mg/dL
- Pravachol® 446 µg/dL .
- 2.3 g/dL albumin added to a plasma pool of presumptively 4 g/dL albumin
Precision
Intra-assay precision (n=80) ranged from 4.3 %CV throughout assay range;
Inter-assay precision (n=20) ranged from 6.3 %CV to 8.7 %CV throughout assay range.
Performance Characteristics - Clinical
A clinical study was conducted to determine the efficacy of the diaDexus PLAC™ test as a predictor of risk for ischemic stroke associated with atherosclerosis. In this case-cohort study, Lp-PLA2 levels were evaluated in 956 banked EDTA-plasma samples from a large, multi-center, observational epidemiology study sponsored by the National Institutes of Health's National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, conducted in the United States (the ARIC study). Participants entered the study free of stroke and were followed for the development of stroke for up to nine years. Of the 956 participants selected for the Lp-PLA2 study, 194 subsequently suffered an ischemic stroke as defined by the ARIC investigators (cases) and 762 were stroke-free at the time of censor (controls). Cox regression models were used to evaluate the association of Lp-PLA2 and stroke in a univariate analysis (Model 1), a univariate analysis adjusted for demographics (Model 2), a multivariate analysis adjusted for demographics, diabetes, LDL, HDL, blood pressure, smoking status, body mass index (BMI), and CRP (Model 3), and all factors including CHD status (Model 4). Using tertile cutpoints of Lp-PLA2, the hazard ratios of the Cox regression analyses demonstrate that Lp-PLA2 is a significant predictor of time to stroke for the 3ª tertile (3T) when compared to the 1st tertile (1T) (Table 1). These data support the clinical utility of the diaDexus PLAC™ test to be used as a predictor of risk for ischemic stroke associated with atherosclerosis,
3
even after adjustment for traditional risk factors, other inflammatory biomarkers, and CHD status.
| Analysis | Risk Ratio
3T vs. 1T (p value) |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|
| Model 1 (univariate analysis) | 1.79 (p=0.0010) |
| Model 2 (adjusted for age,
race and gender) | 2.09 (p=0.0001) |
| Model 3 (adjusted for age,
race, gender, diabetes, LDL,
HDL, blood pressure,
smoking, BMI and CRP) | 1.81 (p=0.0034) |
| Model 4 (adjusted for age,
race, gender, diabetes, LDL,
HDL, blood pressure,
smoking, BMI, CRP, and
CHD status) | 1.75 (p=0.0057) |
Table 1 Results of the Cox Regression Analysis
Conclusions
-
- Analytical: previous 510(k) clearances have demonstrated the acceptable analytical performance of the PLAC™ test.
-
- Clinical: data were collected from a large, multi-center, observational epidemiology study sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, following a well-designed protocol conducted by qualified experts in a CLIA-certified laboratory. The results of this clinical study and performance testing demonstrate that the levels of Lp-PLA2 are associated with increased risk, and support the safety and effectiveness of the PLAC™ test for use as a predictor of risk for ischemic stroke associated with atherosclerosis.
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DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES
Image /page/4/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The logo consists of a stylized emblem with four curved lines, resembling a human figure, and the text "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES USA" arranged in a circular pattern around the emblem. The emblem is positioned to the right of the text, and the entire logo is presented in black and white.
Public Health Service
JUN 15 2005
Food and Drug Administration 2098 Gaither Road Rockville MD 20850
Robert L. Wolfert, Ph.D. Vice President of Diagnostics diaDexus, Inc. 343 Oyster Point Blvd. South San Francisco, CA 94080
Re: K050523
Trade/Device Name: diaDexus PLACTM test Regulation Number: 21 CFR 866.5600 Regulation Name: Low-density lipoprotein immunological test system Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: NOE Dated: April 28, 2005 Received: April 29, 2005
Dear Dr. Wolfert:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Jrug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in Title 21, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Parts 800 to 895. In addition FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Parts 801 and 809); and good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820).
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Page 2 --
This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your Section 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific information about the application of labeling requirements to your device, or questions on the promotion and advertising of your device, please contact the Office of In Vitro Diagnostic Device Evaluation and Safety at (240) 276-0484. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR Part 807.97). You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 443-6597 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/industry/support/index.html.
Sincerely vours.
Carol C. Benem
Carol C. Benson, M.A. Acting Director Division of Chemistry and Toxicology Office of In Vitro Diagnostic Device Evaluation and Safety Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
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June 13, 2005
diaDexus, Inc. PLAC™ Test (Stroke Risk) Premarket Notification
INDICATION FOR USE
510(k) Number: K050523
Device Name: diaDexus PLAC™ test
Indications for Use:
The diaDexus PLAC™ test is an enzyme immunoassay for the quantitative determination of Lp-PLA2 (lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2) in human plasma, to be used in conjunction with clinical evaluation and patient risk assessment as an aid in predicting risk for coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke associated with atherosclerosis.
Prescription Use X (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D) AND/OR
Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE-CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
Carol C Benson
Division Sign-Off
510(k) K050523
Page 1 of 1 of Intended Use