K Number
K030634
Device Name
ENDOS DC
Date Cleared
2003-07-21

(144 days)

Product Code
Regulation Number
872.1800
Reference & Predicate Devices
Predicate For
AI/MLSaMDIVD (In Vitro Diagnostic)TherapeuticDiagnosticis PCCP AuthorizedThirdpartyExpeditedreview
Intended Use

extra oral source X-ray system for dental radiographic examination and diagnosis of diseases of the teeth.

Device Description

extra oral source X-ray system for dental radiographic examination of the teeth

AI/ML Overview

The provided text is a 510(k) summary for a medical device called ENDOS DC, which is an extraoral source X-ray system for dental radiographic examination. It compares the ENDOS DC to a predicate device, the GENDEX DENTSPLY model 765DC.

Based on the information provided, here's an analysis of the acceptance criteria and the study:

1. Table of Acceptance Criteria and Reported Device Performance

The provided document does not explicitly state "acceptance criteria" in a typical quantitative performance metric sense (e.g., sensitivity, specificity, accuracy) for a medical imaging device's diagnostic capability. Instead, it focuses on technical specifications and safety features to demonstrate substantial equivalence to a predicate device.

The premise of this 510(k) is that if ENDOS DC meets or performs comparably to the predicate device in these technical areas, it is considered safe and effective for its intended use. Therefore, the "acceptance criteria" are implied to be the specifications of the predicate device.

Acceptance Criteria (Predicate Device K992610: GENDEX 765 DC)Reported Device Performance (ENDOS DC)
Intended use: extra oral source X-ray system for dental radiographic examinationIntended use: extra oral source X-raysystem for dentalradiographic examinationof the teeth
High Voltage value: 65 kVp +/- 3kVHigh Voltage value: 65 kVp+/-5%
Tube current: 7 mA +/- 5%Tube current: 4-5 mA +/-5%
Focal spot size: 0.4 mm (IEC 336)Focal spot size: 0.7 mm (IEC 336)
Anode inclination: 12.5°Anode inclination: 19°
Total filtration: 2.0 mm AlTotal filtration: > 2.0 mm Al
HVL: 2.0 mm AlHVL: > 1.5 mm Al
H.V. generator: High frequencyH.V. generator: High frequency
X-Ray exposure time control: Automatic - pre-programmed Microprocessor ControlledX-Ray exposure time control: Automatic - pre-programmedMicroprocessorControlled
X-Ray exposure timing: 0.020 sec to 2 secX-Ray exposure timing: 0.010 sec to 2 sec
Electrical characteristics: 120 V, 5 impulsive A maxElectrical characteristics: 120 V,4.5 impulsive A max
Focus film distance: > 20 cm or > 30cmFocus film distance: > 20 cmor > 30cm
Leakage radiation: < 28 mR/h at 1 meter from focusLeakage radiation: < 25 mR/h at 1 meter fromfocus
X-ray beam dimension at 20cm: < 6cmX-ray beam dimension at 20cm: < 6cm
Safety features: Dead man commandSafety features: Dead man command
Signaling devices: Acoustic and visual signalSignaling devices: Acoustic and visual signal

Note on Differences: While many specifications are comparable, there are a few differences (e.g., tube current, focal spot size, anode inclination, X-ray exposure timing). The FDA's substantial equivalence determination implies these differences do not raise new questions of safety or effectiveness. For example, a larger focal spot size (0.7mm vs 0.4mm) generally results in slightly less sharp images but is still within acceptable limits for dental radiography, and the lower tube current (4-5 mA vs 7 mA) means potentially longer exposure times or lower quality images (if not compensated by other factors), but the FDA still found it substantially equivalent.

2. Sample size used for the test set and the data provenance

The document does not describe a clinical study with a "test set" in the context of diagnostic image analysis. This 510(k) submission is for a conventional X-ray generator, not an AI or image analysis device that would be evaluated for diagnostic accuracy on a dataset of images. Therefore, the concepts of "sample size used for the test set" and "data provenance" (country of origin, retrospective/prospective) are not applicable to the type of information presented. The "test" here refers to engineering and performance testing against its own specifications and comparison to a predicate device's specifications.

3. Number of experts used to establish the ground truth for the test set and the qualifications of those experts

This information is not applicable as there is no diagnostic "test set" or "ground truth" derived from expert interpretation described in this submission. The device is an X-ray generator, and its performance is evaluated based on physical measurements of its output (e.g., kVp, mA, leakage radiation) and adherence to engineering standards.

4. Adjudication method (e.g. 2+1, 3+1, none) for the test set

This is not applicable for the same reason mentioned in point 3. There is no diagnostic test set requiring adjudication of expert interpretations.

5. If a multi reader multi case (MRMC) comparative effectiveness study was done, If so, what was the effect size of how much human readers improve with AI vs without AI assistance

No, a multi-reader, multi-case (MRMC) comparative effectiveness study was not done. This type of study is relevant for evaluating the impact of AI or new imaging techniques on human reader diagnostic performance. The ENDOS DC is an X-ray generator, not an AI or image analysis system.

6. If a standalone (i.e. algorithm only without human-in-the-loop performance) was done

No, a standalone performance study was not done. This concept applies to AI algorithms whose performance can be measured independently of human interpretation. The ENDOS DC is a hardware device.

7. The type of ground truth used (expert consensus, pathology, outcomes data, etc)

No "ground truth" in the diagnostic sense is described or used. The "proof" for this device's performance primarily relies on:

  • Engineering specifications and measurements: Demonstrating the device outputs X-rays within specified parameters (e.g., kVp, mA, filtration, leakage).
  • Compliance with recognized standards: The document mentions IEC 336 for focal spot size, implying adherence to international standards for X-ray equipment.
  • Substantial equivalence to a predicate device: The fundamental "proof" is that the device's technical specifications and intended use are similar enough to a legally marketed predicate device such that it raises no new questions of safety or effectiveness.

8. The sample size for the training set

Not applicable. This device is an X-ray generator and does not involve machine learning or AI models that require a "training set."

9. How the ground truth for the training set was established

Not applicable. As there is no training set for an AI/ML model, there is no ground truth to establish for it.

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K030634

Appendix 1 - 510 (k) SUMMARY

510(k) summary for STRATO X

Identification

ApplicantVilla Sistemi Medicali S.p.A.Via delle Azalee 3,20090 BUCCINASCO - Milan- ItalyRegistration Number: 8021091
Contact Persondr. Roberto Daglio – QA Director
Telephone (applicant)+ 39 02 48859233
Designated Agentin the USAndrew HryndzaDel Medical11550 West King StreetFranklin ParkIllinois 60131Tel. 847-288-7000 FAX. 847-288-7911
Manufacturing siteVilla Sistemi Medicali S.p.A.Via delle Azalee 3,20090 BUCCINASCO - Milan - Italy

Trade name: ENDOS DC

Common name: ENDOS DC

Classification name: according to 21 CFR 872-1800, ENDOS DC is in Class II.

Substantial equivalent device: the ENDOS DC is defined as Substantially Equivalent (SE) to the GENDEX DENTSPLY model 765DC. The predicate device has been approved by FDA and has 510(k) approval number K992610

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ENDOS DCGENDEX 765 DC
Intended useextra oral source X-raysystem for dentalradiographic examinationof the teethextra oral source X-raysystem for dentalradiographic examination
High Voltage value65 kVp+/-5%65 kVp +/- 3kV
Tube current4-5 mA +/-5%7 mA +/- 5%
Focal spot size0.7 mm (IEC 336)0.4 mm (IEC 336)
Anode inclination19°12.5°
Total filtration> 2.0 mm Al2.0 mm Al
HVL> 1.5 mm Al2.0 mm Al
H.V. generator:High frequencyHigh frequency
X-Ray exposuretime controlAutomatic - pre-programmedMicroprocessorControlledAutomatic - pre-programmedMicroprocessorControlled
X-Ray exposuretiming0.010 sec to 2 sec0.020 sec to 2 sec
Electricalcharacteristics120 V4.5 impulsive A max120 V5 impulsive A max
Focus film distance> 20 cmor > 30cm> 20 cmor > 30cm
Leakage radiation< 25 mR/h at 1 meter fromfocus< 28 mR/h at 1 meter fromfocus
X-ray beamdimension at 20cm< 6cm< 6cm
Safety featuresDead man commandDead man command
Signaling devicesAcustic and visual signalAcustic and visual signal

The following table compares the ENDOS DC V with the predicate device

Indication for use.

The indication for use of the ENDOS DC is: : extra oral source X-ray system for dental radiographic examination and diagnosis of diseases of the teeth.

510(k) ENDOS DC

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Image /page/2/Picture/1 description: The image shows the seal of the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The seal is circular and contains the words "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES USA" around the perimeter. In the center of the seal is an abstract symbol that resembles a caduceus, a traditional symbol of medicine.

Food and Drug Administration 9200 Corporate Boulevard Rockville MD 20850

JUL 2 1 2003

Mr. Roberto Daglio QA Director Villa Sistemi Medicali via Azalee 3 20090 Buccinasco, Milan ITALY

Re: K030634

Trade/Device Name: ENDOS DC Regulation Number: 21 CFR 872.1800 Regulation Name: Extraoral source x-ray system Regulatory Class: II Product Code: 90 EHD Dated: May 7, 2003 Received: May 9, 2003

Dear Mr. Daglio:

We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.

If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.

Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.

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This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your Section 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally

marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.

If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801), please contact the Office of Compliance at one of the following numbers, based on the regulation number at the top of the letter:

8xx.1xxx(301) 594-4591
876.2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx(301) 594-4616
884.2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx(301) 594-4616
892.2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx(301) 594-4654
Other(301) 594-4692

Additionally, for questions on the promotion and advertising of your device, please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4639. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR Part 807.97) you may obtain. Other general information on your responsibilities under the Act may be obtained from the Division of Small Manufacturers. International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 443-6597 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/dsma/dsmamain.html.

Sincerely yours,

Nancy C. Brogdon

Nancv C. Brogdon Director, Division of Reproductive, Abdominal and Radiological Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health

Enclosure

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Indication for use Statement 4.1.

510(k) Number: 长 030634

Device Name: ENDOS DC

The indication for use of the ENDOS DC is: : extra oral source X-ray system for dental radiographic examination and diagnosis of diseases of the teeth.

used as:
prescription only: $\checkmark$__

David A. Seppanen

IVISION Sion-

§ 872.1800 Extraoral source x-ray system.

(a)
Identification. An extraoral source x-ray system is an AC-powered device that produces x-rays and is intended for dental radiographic examination and diagnosis of diseases of the teeth, jaw, and oral structures. The x-ray source (a tube) is located outside the mouth. This generic type of device may include patient and equipment supports and component parts.(b)
Classification. Class II.