The Inspiration ™ Ventilator System with Smart Positive Airway Pressure (SPAP) and Volume Targeted Ventilation (VTV) options is indicated for use with a wide range of patients from infant through adult, requiring respiratory support for a wide range of clinical conditions in hospital, hospital-type facilities and intra-hospital transport.

Device Description

The Inspiration™ Ventilator System with Smart Positive Airway Pressure (SPAP) and Volume Targeted Ventilation (VTV) options provides continuous ventilation to patients requiring respiratory support by means of pressure-based and volume-based mandatory and spontaneous breaths. The device is identical to the cleared device, the Inspiration™ Ventilator System, with the addition of two new software options: 1) The Smart Positive Airway Pressure (SPAP) modification provides the Inspiration™ Ventilator System with a biphasic pressure mode that allows for spontaneous breathing at two separate PEEP baselines. 2) The Volume Targeted Ventilation (VTV) modification provides the Inspiration™ Ventilator System with a pressure based breath mode that targets tidal volume by adjusting the delivered pressure targets on a breath-to-breath basis. This modification includes Pressure Regulated Volume Control (PRVC) and Volume Support (VS). This option also includes Automode which allows patients the backup safety support of mandatory breaths if they stop breathing and transition back to their spontaneous mode when they are again breathing spontaneously. These modifications are implemented on the Inspiration™ Ventilator through additional functionality in software only. The existing modalities, pneumatic design, breath delivery control algorithms, electrical circuitry and user interface have remained unchanged from the cleared Inspiration™ ventilator device.

AI/ML Overview

The provided text describes a 510(k) premarket notification for the eVent Medical Ltd. Inspiration™ Ventilator System with Smart Positive Airway Pressure (SPAP) and Volume Targeted Ventilation (VTV) options. This submission focuses on demonstrating substantial equivalence to predicate devices rather than directly presenting acceptance criteria and a detailed study outcome to prove achievement of those criteria in the format typically used for AI/ML device evaluations.

Therefore, many of the requested elements (like sample sizes for test/training sets, data provenance, number of experts for ground truth, adjudication methods, MRMC studies, standalone performance metrics, and detailed ground truth establishment for training) are not explicitly present in the provided document, as it predates the common structured evaluation reporting for these types of technologies.

However, based on the information available, here's a breakdown of what can be extracted:

1. Table of Acceptance Criteria and Reported Device Performance

The document does not provide a formal table of quantitative acceptance criteria with specific performance metrics (e.g., accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, or error rates) and corresponding device performance values. Instead, it relies on demonstrating substantial equivalence to existing, legally marketed predicate devices.

The "acceptance criteria" are implied to be that the new software modifications (SPAP and VTV) function similarly to the predicate devices' equivalent modes without introducing new questions of safety or effectiveness. The "reported device performance" is the conclusion that:

The SPAP feature is "substantially equivalent to the BiVent mode on the Siemens Servoi ventilator (K022132)."
The VTV modification (including PRVC and VS) is "substantially equivalent to PRVC and VS and on the Siemens Servoi Ventilator (K022132)."
The Automode feature is "substantially equivalent to Automode on the Siemens Servoi Ventilator (K022132)."
Overall, the device "meets its specifications and is safe and effective for its intended use."

This is a qualitative assessment of equivalence, not a quantitative performance measurement against predefined thresholds.

2. Sample Size Used for the Test Set and Data Provenance

Not explicitly stated. The document refers to "verification and validation testing" and "combined testing and analysis of results," but no specific sample sizes for a "test set" (in the context of AI/ML evaluation) are provided. The testing would have been conducted on the device itself, likely involving various simulated patient conditions and scenarios to verify correct functionality of the new software modes.

3. Number of Experts Used to Establish the Ground Truth for the Test Set and Qualifications of Those Experts

Not applicable in the context of this submission. The "ground truth" here is the expected mechanical and physiological response of the ventilator under various settings and patient conditions, and its equivalence to the predicate devices. This would typically be assessed by engineers, respiratory therapists, and physicians through functional testing, not by a panel of experts establishing a consensus ground truth for image interpretation or diagnosis as seen in AI/ML studies.

4. Adjudication Method for the Test Set

Not applicable. There's no mention of an adjudication method, as the evaluation is not based on expert review of ambiguous cases.

5. If a Multi-Reader Multi-Case (MRMC) Comparative Effectiveness Study Was Done, If So, What Was the Effect Size of How Much Human Readers Improve with AI vs Without AI Assistance

Not applicable. This is not an AI/ML clinical decision support device. It is a continuous ventilator with new software-driven ventilation modes. An MRMC study is not relevant to its evaluation.

6. If a Standalone (i.e., Algorithm Only Without Human-in-the-Loop Performance) Was Done

The device itself is a standalone system with new software algorithms for ventilation control. Its performance was evaluated as such. There is no "human-in-the-loop" component in the sense of an AI assisting a human in a diagnostic task; the human (clinician) operates the device, and the device's algorithms control ventilation. The entire testing would, by definition, be "standalone" performance of the machine.

7. The Type of Ground Truth Used

The ground truth used for evaluating the ventilator's performance would be:

Engineering specifications and expected physiological responses: The modes (SPAP, VTV) should control pressure and volume as designed and as observed in the predicate devices. This involves mechanical testing, simulations, and possibly animal or human subject testing (though not detailed here) to confirm that the delivered ventilation parameters (e.g., tidal volume, pressure) match the set parameters and physiological models within acceptable tolerances.
Predicate device behavior: The "ground truth" for substantial equivalence is the established safe and effective performance of the predicate ventilators (Siemens - Elma AB. Servoi Ventilator with BiVent, K022132). The new device's modes are compared to the predicate's modes to ensure similar function.

8. The Sample Size for the Training Set

Not applicable. As a traditional medical device (ventilator) with software modifications, there is no "training set" in the context of machine learning. The software was developed and validated, but not "trained" on a dataset like an AI algorithm would be.

9. How the Ground Truth for the Training Set Was Established

Not applicable, as there is no training set in the AI/ML sense. The "ground truth" for the software development would be the engineering requirements, clinical specifications, and intended functionality derived from established medical knowledge and predicate device capabilities.

Summary

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JAN 16 2004

SUMMARY OF SAFETY AND EFFECTIVENESS

SUBMITTER:	eVent Medical Ltd.
DATE:	October 31, 2003
COMMON NAME:	Continuous Ventilator
PROPRIETARY NAME:	Inspiration™ Ventilator System with SmartPositive Airway Pressure (SPAP) andVolume Targeted Ventilation (VTV) options
CONTACT:	Robbie Walsh, VP Quality Assurance &Regulatory Affairs
	eVent Medical Ltd.
	6A Lisoban Business Park
	Tuam Road
	Galway,
	Ireland.
	Tel: + 353 91 764472
	Fax: + 353 91 764379
CLASSIFICATION:	Class II per 21 CFR 868.5895
	Continuous Ventilator
PREDICATE DEVICES:

e Vent Medical Ltd. is claiming substantial equivalence to the following predicate medical devices:

Predicate Device	510(k) Number	Classification
eVent Medical Ltd..Inspiration™ Ventilator	K021112	Class II,Continuous Ventilatorper 21 CFR 868.5895
Siemens - Elma AB.Servoi Ventilator with BiVent	K022132	Class II,Continuous Ventilatorper 21 CFR 868.5895

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Device Description: A

The Smart Positive Airway Pressure (SPAP) modification provides the Inspiration™ Ventilator System with a biphasic pressure mode that allows for spontaneous breathing at two separate PEEP baselines. The feature is substantially equivalent to the BiVent mode on the Siemens Servoi ventilator (K022132).
The Volume Targeted Ventilation (VTV) modification provides the Inspiration™ Ventilator System with a pressure based breath mode that targets tidal volume by adjusting the delivered pressure targets on a breath-to-breath basis. This modification includes Pressure Regulated Volume Control (PRVC) and Volume Support (VS). This feature is substantially equivalent to PRVC and VS and on the Siemens Servoi Ventilator (K022132). This option also includes Automode which allows patients the backup safety support of mandatory breaths if they stop breathing and transition back to their spontaneous mode when they are again breathing spontaneously. Automode is substantially equivalent to Automode on the Siemens Servoi Ventilator (K022132).

These modifications are implemented on the Inspiration™ Ventilator through additional functionality in software only. The existing modalities, pneumatic design, breath delivery control algorithms, electrical circuitry and user interface have remained unchanged from the cleared Inspiration™ ventilator device.

B Intended Use:

The device intended use is the same as that of the cleared device, the Inspiration™ Ventilator system and is re-stated below.

Purpose and Function of the Device:

The Inspiration™ Ventilator System with Smart Positive Airway Pressure (SPAP) and Volume Targeted Ventilation (VTV) options is intended to provide continuous ventilation for patients requiring respiratory support. This product is intended for a wide range of patients from infant to adult and for a wide variety of clinical conditions.

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Intended Patient Population:

The intended patient population includes infant through adult patients who require pressure-based or volume-based continuous respiratory support with tidal volumes as low as 10mL and inspiratory pressures as low as 1 cm H2O. The range of all settings is exactly the same as the original cleared device, the Inspiration™ Ventilator System. The same settings range include set tidal volume, rate, inspiratory time, I:E ratio, PEEP, inspiratory pressure, FIO2, rise time, exhalation sensitivity. The alarms are also exactly the same with the exception of the addition of an inspiratory delivered tidal volume limit which is explained below.

Intended Environment of Use:

The device is intended for use in hospitals and hospital-type facilities, which provide respiratory care for patients requiring respiratory support.

The device may be used for intra-hospital transport within a hospital or hospital-type facility. The device is not intended for transport between hospitals or hospital-type facilities.

The device is not to be used in the presence of flammable anesthetics.

The device is intended for sale by or on the order of a physician only. The device is intended for operation by trained and qualified personnel

Indication for Use:

The Inspiration™ Ventilator System with Smart Positive Airway Pressure (SPAP) and Volume Targeted Ventilation (VTV) options is indicated for use with a wide range of patients from infant through adult, requiring respiratory support for a wide range of clinical conditions in hospital, hospital-type facilities and intra-hospital transport.

C Substantial Equivalence

The intended use of the Inspiration™ Ventilator System with Smart Positive Airway Pressure (SPAP) and Volume Targeted Ventilation (VTV) options is the same as that for standard, currently marketed critical care ventilators. The materials and design of this device are similar to those of the predicate devices. The technical characteristics of the Inspiration™ Ventilator System with Smart Positive Airway Pressure (SPAP) and Volume Targeted Ventilation (VTV) options do not introduce new questions regarding safety or effectiveness of critical care ventilators. Furthermore, the labelling associated with the Inspiration™ Ventilator System with Smart Positive Airway Pressure (SPAP) and Volume Targeted Ventilation (VTV) options provides similar information as the predicate devices.

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Information provided in the 510(k) submission supports the determination of substantial equivalence. Software design and development, (including verification and validation testing, test and software quality procedures) was conducted using FDA's Guidance for the Content of Premarket Submissions for Software contained in medical devices, dated May 29 1998, as a guidance and per internal company requirements. The Inspiration™ Ventilator device design and testing are also compliant with various voluntary, international standards including: EN60601-1:1990, EN 60601-1-2:1993, CAN/CSA C22.2 No. 601-1M90:1994, UL 2601-1:1994, EN 794-1 and 93/42/EEC Medical Device Directive.

The combined testing and analysis of results provides assurance that the device meets its specifications and is safe and effective for its intended use.

In summary eVent Medical Ltd. has demonstrated the Inspiration™ Ventilator System with Smart Positive Airway Pressure (SPAP) and Volume Targeted Ventilation (VTV) options to be safe and effective. This device is considered to be substantially equivalent to currently marketed devices which have been previously cleared by FDA.

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Image /page/4/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The logo consists of a circular seal with the text "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES - USA" around the perimeter. Inside the circle is an abstract symbol resembling an eagle or bird in flight, composed of three curved lines.

Food and Drug Administration 9200 Corporate Boulevard Rockville MD 20850

'JAN 1 6 2004

Mr. Robbie Walsh VP, Regulatory Affairs & Quality Assurance eVent Medical Limited 6A Liosban Business Park, Tuam Road, Galway, IRELAND

Re: K030341

Trade/Device Name: Modification to Inspiration Ventilator System Regulation Number: 21 CFR 868.5895 Regulation Name: Continuous Ventilator Regulatory Class: II Product Code: CBK Dated: October 31, 2003 Received: November 03, 2003

Dear Mr. Walsh:

We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.

If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.

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Page 2 - Mr. Walsh

Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.

This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your Section 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.

If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801), please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594- 4646. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR Part 807.97). You may obtain other general information on your responsibilities under the Act from the Division of Small Manufacturers, International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 443-6597 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/dsma/dsmamain.html.

Sincerely vours.

Chiu Lin, Ph.D.

Chiu Lin, Ph.D. Director Division of Anesthesiology, General Hospital, Infection Control and Dental Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health

Enclosure

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INDICATION FOR USE

Applicant:	eVent Medical Ltd
510(k) Number:	K030341
Device Name:	Inspiration TM Ventilator System with Smart Positive AirwayPressure (SPAP) and Volume Targeted Ventilation (VTV) options
Indications for Use:	The Inspiration TM Ventilator System with Smart Positive AirwayPressure (SPAP) and Volume Targeted Ventilation (VTV) options isindicated for use with a wide range of patients from infant throughadult, requiring respiratory support for a wide range of clinicalconditions in hospital, hospital-type facilities and intra-hospitaltransport.

Prescription Use: Yes (Pcr 21 CFR 801.109)

PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE – CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED

Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE) (Per 21 CFR 801.109) (Optional Format 1-2-96)

Lortu h

Division Sign-Off) (Ulvision Sign-Off)
Division of Anesthesiology, General Hospital, Infection Control, Dental Device

510(k) Number: K030341

Prescription Use

Regulation Number and Section

§ 868.5895 Continuous ventilator.

(a)
Identification. A continuous ventilator (respirator) is a device intended to mechanically control or assist patient breathing by delivering a predetermined percentage of oxygen in the breathing gas. Adult, pediatric, and neonatal ventilators are included in this generic type of device.(b)
Classification. Class II (performance standards).