(70 days)
Unknown
The term "Intelligent Quality Management (iQM)" and "Failure Pattern Recognition (FPR)" are used, which could potentially involve AI/ML techniques for pattern analysis and error detection. However, the summary does not explicitly state the use of AI or ML, nor does it provide details about training or test data sets, which are typical indicators of ML implementation. Without further information, it's not possible to definitively confirm or deny the presence of AI/ML.
No
The device is described as a system to "rapidly analyze whole blood samples" and "provide continuous monitoring of the analytical process." It is an in-vitro diagnostic device used for analysis, not for treating a disease or condition.
Yes
The device rapidly analyzes whole blood samples for parameters like glucose and lactate, which are used in diagnosing patient conditions.
No
The device is described as a "portable system" that "rapidly analyze whole blood samples," indicating it includes hardware components for sample analysis. While it includes software (iQM), it is not solely software.
Based on the provided text, the device is an IVD (In Vitro Diagnostic).
Here's why:
- Intended Use: The device is intended for the "rapidly analyze whole blood samples". Analyzing biological samples like whole blood is a core function of IVD devices.
- Device Description: It analyzes whole blood samples to measure parameters like pH, blood gases, electrolytes, metabolites, and hematocrit. These are common measurements performed by IVD devices for diagnostic purposes.
- Performance Studies: The document includes performance studies like "Method Comparison" comparing the device to a reference instrument (IL Synthesis) and evaluating its ability to detect cartridge malfunctions. These types of studies are standard for demonstrating the performance and reliability of IVD devices.
- Predicate Devices: The document lists predicate devices (K010520 ContrIL ® 9; K992834 GEM® critCheck) which are also likely IVD devices, indicating the regulatory pathway for this type of product.
The device is designed to analyze biological samples in vitro (outside the body) to provide information about a patient's health status, which is the definition of an In Vitro Diagnostic device.
N/A
Intended Use / Indications for Use
The GEM® Premier 3000 is a portable system for use by health care professionals to rapidly analyze whole blood samples that was originally cleared for the U.S. market by K992834, with glucose and lactate parameters added by K010520.
Intelligent Quality Management (iQM") is being introduced on the GEM® Premier 3000 as an active quality process control program designed to provide continuous monitoring of the analytical process with real-time, automatic error detection, automatic correction of the system and automatic documentation of all corrective actions, replacing the use of traditional external quality controls.
As part of this program, GEM® CVP (Calibration Validation Product) is intended for the external verification of the iQM" cartridge calibration after initial warm-up to ensure its integrity. The reported values for the four levels of GEM® CVP (two levels for pH, blood gases, electrolytes and metabolites; two levels for hematocrit) must meet specifications before the iQM" cartidge can be used for patient sample measurements. Once the cartridge calibration is verified, the internal iOM" program monitors the status of the system during the cartridge use life.
To ensure that a total quality management system is adhered to, laboratories should follow local, state and federal regulatory guidelines. As with any analytical device or computer software, there is always the potential for software failure. However, IL conducts rigorous testing and extensive software validation prior to releasing a software revision. If the user encounters a rare software error code, it should be reported to your local IL Technical Support Representative.
Product codes (comma separated list FDA assigned to the subject device)
CGA, GFS, JJY
Device Description
The GEM® Premier 3000 is a portable system for use by health care professionals to rapidly analyze whole blood samples that was originally cleared for the U.S. market by K992834, with glucose and lactate parameters added by K010520.
Intelligent Quality Management (iQM") is being introduced on the GEM® Premier 3000 as an active quality process control program designed to provide continuous monitoring of the analytical process with real-time, automatic error detection, automatic correction of the system and automatic documentation of all corrective actions, replacing the use of traditional external quality controls.
As part of this program, GEM® CVP (Calibration Validation Product) is intended for the external verification of the iQM" cartridge calibration after initial warm-up to ensure its integrity. The reported values for the four levels of GEM® CVP (two levels for pH, blood gases, electrolytes and metabolites; two levels for hematocrit) must meet specifications before the iQM" cartridge can be used for patient sample measurements. Once the cartridge calibration is verified, the internal iOM "program monitors the status of the system during the cartridge use life.
To ensure that a total quality management system is adhered to, laboratories should follow local, state and federal regulatory guidelines. As with any analytical device or computer software, there is always the potential for software failure. However, IL conducts rigorous testing and extensive software validation prior to releasing a software revision. If the user encounters a rare software error code, it should be reported to your local IL Technical Support Representative.
Mentions image processing
Not Found
Mentions AI, DNN, or ML
Not Found
Input Imaging Modality
Not Found
Anatomical Site
Not Found
Indicated Patient Age Range
Not Found
Intended User / Care Setting
health care professionals
Description of the training set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
Not Found
Description of the test set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
Description of the test set: Failure Pattern Recognition (FPR) checks were applied to data from 79 GEM® Premier 3000 cartridges that demonstrated a QC failure during their cartridge use life.
Sample size: 79 cartridges
Data source: Not explicitly stated, inferred to be internal data from GEM® Premier 3000 cartridges with QC failures.
Annotation protocol: Not explicitly stated, inferred to involve analysis to determine if iQM" could detect malfunctions.
Summary of Performance Studies (study type, sample size, AUC, MRMC, standalone performance, key results)
GEM® CVP Precision:
Study type: Precision study
Sample size: 15 replicates on each of 9 different GEM® Premier 3000 instruments (N=135) for each level of GEM® CVP.
Key results: Presented in a table showing Mean, Day-to-Day %CV (or SD), and Total %CV (or SD) for various parameters (pH, pCO2, pO2, Na+, K+, Ca++, Glucose, Lactate, Hematocrit) at different GEM® CVP levels.
GEM® Premier 3000 with iQM™ Method Comparison:
Study type: Method comparison study
Sample size: N=281 for pH; N=282 for pCO2, pO2; N=271 for Na+, K+, Ca++; N=283 for Glucose; N=280 for Lactate; N=284 for Hct.
Key results: The GEM® Premier 3000 with iQM" was shown to be statistically similar to the reference instrument (IL Synthesis). Data presented in a table with Analyte, N, Slope, Intercept, r, and Sample Range.
iQM™ (Intelligent Quality Management) Evaluation - Evaluation of Cartridge Malfunction Detection:
Study type: Evaluation of cartridge malfunction detection
Sample size: Data from 79 GEM® Premier 3000 cartridges.
Key results: The Failure Pattern Recognition (FPR) checks were able to detect malfunction in 74 out of 79 reported QC failures. It was noted that iQM" would have flagged the failure immediately after the sample that caused the malfunction, unlike conventional controls. No false positive flags were generated. For the 5 unflagged QC failures, it was concluded there was no identifiable cartridge malfunction and these were considered false positive QC failures.
Field Evaluation: External QC vs. iQM™:
Study type: Field evaluation/side-by-side comparison
Sample size: A total number of 304 blood samples were tested. Conducted over a 3-week period.
Key results: There were no instances of external failure on any instrument. The instruments experienced transient drift failures caused by interference (4 instances of Benzalkonium exposure, 8 instances of Thiopental Sodium exposure). In all these cases, the GEM® Premier 3000 using iQM™ successfully detected and flagged the failed analytes and identified the cause as interference. All three systems self-corrected, and the interference would have gone undetected by external quality controls.
Key Metrics (Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV, etc.)
Cartridge Malfunction Detection: 74 out of 79 reported QC failures detected by FPR checks. No false positive flags generated.
Predicate Device(s): If the device was cleared using the 510(k) pathway, identify the Predicate Device(s) K/DEN number used to claim substantial equivalence and list them here in a comma separated list exactly as they appear in the text. List the primary predicate first in the list.
Reference Device(s): Identify the Reference Device(s) K/DEN number and list them here in a comma separated list exactly as they appear in the text.
Not Found
Predetermined Change Control Plan (PCCP) - All Relevant Information for the subject device only (e.g. presence / absence, what scope was granted / cleared under the PCCP, any restrictions, etc).
Not Found
§ 862.1345 Glucose test system.
(a)
Identification. A glucose test system is a device intended to measure glucose quantitatively in blood and other body fluids. Glucose measurements are used in the diagnosis and treatment of carbohydrate metabolism disorders including diabetes mellitus, neonatal hypoglycemia, and idiopathic hypoglycemia, and of pancreatic islet cell carcinoma.(b)
Classification. Class II (special controls). The device, when it is solely intended for use as a drink to test glucose tolerance, is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 862.9.
0
Section 3
GEM® Premier 3000: Introduction of iQM™ and GEM® CVP 510(k) Summary (Summary of Safety and Effectiveness)
Submitted by:
Instrumentation Laboratory Company 113 Hartwell Avenue Lexington, MA 02421 Phone: 781-861-4467 781-861-4207 Fax:
Contact Person:
Carol Marble, Regulatory Affairs Manager Phone: 781-861-4467 / Fax: 781-861-4207
Summary Prepared:
July 1, 2002
Name of the device:
GEM® Premier 3000: Introduction of iQM™ and GEM® CVP
Classification name(s):
| 75JJS | Controls for Blood-Gases (Assayed and Unassayed) | |
|---|---|---|
| 75JJR | Electrolyte Controls (Assayed and Unassayed) | |
| 862.1660 | Quality Control Material (Assayed and Unassayed) | Class I |
| 81GLK | Hematocrit Control | |
| 864.8625 | Hematology Quality Control Mixture | Class II |
Identification of predicate device(s):
| K010520 | ContrIL ® 9 (FDA cleared as a blood gas/electrolyte/metabolite quality control with the
introduction of glucose and lactate on the GEM® Premier 3000) |
|---------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| K992834 | GEM® critCheck (FDA cleared as a hematocrit quality control with the introduction of
the GEM® Premier 3000) |
Description of the device/intended use(s):
The GEM® Premier 3000 is a portable system for use by health care professionals to rapidly analyze whole blood samples that was originally cleared for the U.S. market by K992834, with glucose and lactate parameters added by K010520.
Intelligent Quality Management (iQM") is being introduced on the GEM® Premier 3000 as an active quality process control program designed to provide continuous monitoring of the analytical process with real-time, automatic error detection, automatic correction of the system and automatic documentation of all corrective actions, replacing the use of traditional external quality controls.
As part of this program, GEM® CVP (Calibration Validation Product) is intended for the external verification of the iQM" cartridge calibration after initial warm-up to ensure its integrity. The reported values for the four levels of GEM® CVP (two levels for pH, blood gases, electrolytes and metabolites; two levels for hematocrit) must meet specifications before the iQM" cartridge can be used for patient sample measurements. Once the cartridge calibration is verified, the internal iOM "program monitors the status of the system during the cartridge use life.
To ensure that a total quality management system is adhered to, laboratories should follow local, state and federal regulatory guidelines. As with any analytical device or computer software, there is always the potential for software failure. However, IL conducts rigorous testing and extensive software validation prior to releasing a software revision. If the user encounters a rare software error code, it should be reported to your local IL Technical Support Representative.
1
Section 3 (Cont.) GEM® Premier 3000: Introduction of iQM™ and GEM® CVP 510(k) Summary (Summary of Safety and Effectiveness)
Statement of Technological Characteristics of the Device Compared to Predicate Device:
The use of Intelligent Quality Management (iQM") in conjunction with GEM® CVP (Calibration Validation Product) on the GEM® Premier 3000 is not materially different from the use of external controls in performance, safety and effectiveness or intended use.
Summary of performance data:
GEM® CVP Precision
A precision study was performed on the GEM® Premier 3000 using the four levels of GEM® CVP (two levels for pH, blood gases, electrolytes and metabolites; two levels for hematocrit). Each level of the verification material was run in singlet once a day for 14 days (twice on Day 1) for a total of 15 replicates on each of 9 different GEM® Premier 3000 instruments (N=135).
| | Parameter | Mean | Day-to-Day
%CV (or SD) | Total
%CV (or SD) |
|---------------------|------------------|-------|---------------------------|----------------------|
| GEM® CVP
Level 1 | pH | 7.200 | 0.005 (SD) | 0.007 (SD) |
| | pCO2 (mmHg) | 70.8 | 1.39 | 1.63 |
| | pO2 (mmHg) | 54.5 | 4.97 | 5.16 |
| | Na+ (mmol/L) | 129.3 | 0.46 | 0.55 |
| | K+ (mmol/L) | 2.90 | 0.25 | 0.70 |
| | Ca++ (mmol/L) | 1.493 | 0.95 | 1.26 |
| | Glucose (mg/dL) | 46.1 | 2.23 | 2.99 |
| | Lactate (mmol/L) | 0.93 | 4.73 | 4.87 |
| GEM® CVP
Level 2 | pH | 7.640 | 0.002 (SD) | 0.003 (SD) |
| | pCO2 (mmHg) | 29.9 | 1.78 | 1.91 |
| | pO2 (mmHg) | 148.2 | 1.33 | 1.93 |
| | Na+ (mmol/L) | 158.7 | 0.44 | 0.56 |
| | K+ (mmol/L) | 6.46 | 0.75 | 0.98 |
| | Ca++ (mmol/L) | 0.486 | 1.15 | 2.06 |
| | Glucose (mg/dL) | 192.8 | 1.67 | 1.78 |
| | Lactate (mmol/L) | 5.54 | 1.85 | 2.19 |
| GEM® CVP
Level 3 | Hematocrit (%) | 23.4 | 2.14 | 2.11 |
| GEM® CVP
Level 4 | Hematocrit (%) | 43.8 | 1.21 | 1.23 |
2
Section 3 (Cont.) GEM® Premier 3000: Introduction of iQM™ and GEM® CVP 510(k) Summary (Summary of Safety and Effectiveness)
Summary of performance data (Cont.):
GEM® Premier 3000 with iQM™ Method Comparison
In addition, a method comparison study was performed to verify the performance of the GEM® Premier 3000 cartridge with iQM" (Intelligent Quality Management). The method comparison data included arterial, venous, heart bypass and liver transplant blood samples from hospital patients using heparinized syringes. All samples were analyzed on the GEM® Premier 3000 with iQM versus an IL Synthesis as the reference instrument. The GEM® Premier 3000 with iQM " was shown to be statistically similar to the reference instrument:
| Analyte | N | Slope | Intercept | r | Sample Range |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pH | 281 | 1.0802 | -0.5810 | 0.9917 | 7.129-7.559 |
| pCO2 (mmHg) | 282 | 1.0674 | -2.3800 | 0.9839 | 25.3-87.5 |
| pO2 (mmHg) | 282 | 0.9715 | 6.9900 | 0.9988 | 26-489 |
| Na+ (mmol/L) | 271 | 0.9801 | 2.9300 | 0.9584 | 119-148 |
| K+ (mmol/L) | 271 | 0.9743 | -0.0600 | 0.9871 | 3.2-7.4 |
| Ca++ (mmol/L) | 271 | 0.9196 | 0.1270 | 0.9590 | 0.82-1.40 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 283 | 1.0111 | 8.8700 | 0.9860 | 66-389 |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 280 | 0.9323 | 0.1730 | 0.9958 | 0.49-16.67 |
| Hct (%) | 284 | 0.9983 | -0.7999 | 0.9600 | 17-56 |
iQM™ (Intelligent Quality Management) Evaluation
Evaluation of Cartridge Malfunction Detection .
Data from 79 GEM® Premier 3000 cartridges that demonstrated a QC failure during their cartridge use life were extensively analyzed. The Failure Pattern Recognition (FPR) checks were applied to these data to determine if iQM" could detect any malfunction.
The Failure Pattern Recognition (FPR) checks were able to detect malfunction in 74 out of 79 reported QC failures. In most cases, iQM" would have flagged the failure immediately after the sample that caused the malfunction, while with conventional controls, the user would only be aware of a problem when the external control is run again, which may be up to hours after the event occurred. Furthermore, no false positive flags were generated by the FPR checks in any of the 79 investigated cartridges.
Resolution of 5 Unflagged QC Failures:
For the 5 reported QC failures that iQM" did not detect, there was no identifiable cartridge malfunction. All system parameters were within specifications. There were no error flags and no failure patterns. There were no unusual blood values for the parameter with reported QC failure and the customer did not report any concern about blood results. In all five cases, the reported QC failures were marginal and at one level only. It was concluded that the reported QC failures in these five cartridges could not represent a serious cartridge malfunction. The failures could be considered as a false positive QC failure.
3
Section 3 (Cont.) GEM® Premier 3000: Introduction of iQM™ and GEM® CVP 510(k) Summary (Summary of Safety and Effectiveness)
Field Evaluation: External QC vs. iQM™
During an external field evaluation at a U.S. hospital, a side-by-side comparison was performed on a GEM® Premier 3000 using iQM™ versus two reference instruments, IL Synthesis and GEM® 3000 without iQM using traditional external quality controls. This study was conducted over a 3-week period with the external quality controls run during each day's shift: contrIL" 9 on all three analyzers and GEM® critCheck on the GEM® analyzers only. Each GEM® instrument used a single 450 sample capacity cartridge (1 instrument with and 1 instrument without iQM"). A total number of 304 blood samples were tested.
During this field evaluation, there were no instances of external failure on any instrument. However, the instruments experienced transient drift failures caused by interference as noted below:
- . There were 4 instances of Benzalkonium exposure, which caused analyte failures on all three instruments.
- . There were 8 instances of Thiopental Sodium* exposure, which caused analyte failures on both the GEM® instruments, with and without iQM™.
*NOTE: The IL Synthesis is not affected by Thiopental Sodium.
In all of the above cases, the GEM® Premier 3000 using iQM™ successfully detected and flagged the failed analytes and identified the cause as interference. All three systems self-corrected by the next sample run and therefore, the interference went undetected by external quality controls.
4
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES
Image /page/4/Picture/1 description: The image shows the logo for the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. The logo consists of a circular seal with the words "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES USA" around the perimeter. Inside the circle is an abstract image of an eagle with its wings spread.
Food and Drug Administration 2098 Gaither Road Rockville MD 20850
SEP 1 0 2002
Ms. Carol Marble Regulatory Affairs Manager Instrumentation Laboratory Company 101 Hartwell Avenue Lexington, MA 02421-3125
Re: K022158
Trade/Device Name: GEM® Premier 3000-iOM™ (Intelligent Ouality Management) AND GEM® CVP (Calibration Validation Product)
Regulation Number: 21 CFR 862.1345 Regulation Name: Glucose test system Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: CGA; GFS; JJY Dated: July 1, 2002 Received: July 2, 2002
Dear Ms. Marble:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food. Drug. and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration. Iisting of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820); and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
5
Page 2 -
This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801 and v additionally 809.10 for in vitro diagnostic devices), please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4588. Additionally, for questions on the promotion and advertising of your device, please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4639. Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21CFR 807.97). Other general information on your responsibilities under the Act may be obtained from the Division of Small Manufacturers International and Consumer Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 443-6597 or at its internet address "http://www.fda.gov/cdrl/dsma/dsmamain.html".
Sincerely yours,
Steven Butman
Steven I. Gutman, M.D., M.B.A. Director Division of Clinical Laboratory Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
6
Indications for Use Statement
510(k) Number (if known):
Device Name: GEM® Premier 3000 –iQM™ (Intelligent Quality Management) AND GEM® CVP (Calibration Validation Product)
Indications for Use:
The GEM® Premier 3000 is a portable system for use by health care professionals to rapidly analyze whole blood samples that was originally cleared for the U.S. market by K992834, with glucose and lactate parameters added by K010520.
Intelligent Quality Management (iQM") is being introduced on the GEM® Premier 3000 as an active quality process control program designed to provide continuous monitoring of the analytical process with real-time, automatic error detection, automatic correction of the system and automatic documentation of all corrective actions, replacing the use of traditional external quality controls.
As part of this program, GEM® CVP (Calibration Validation Product) is intended for the external verification of the iQM" cartridge calibration after initial warm-up to ensure its integrity. The reported values for the four levels of GEM® CVP (two levels for pH, blood gases, electrolytes and metabolites; two levels for hematocrit) must meet specifications before the iQM" cartidge can be used for patient sample measurements. Once the cartridge calibration is verified, the internal iOM" program monitors the status of the system during the cartridge use life.
To ensure that a total quality management system is adhered to, laboratories should follow local, state and federal regulatory guidelines. As with any analytical device or computer software, there is always the potential for software failure. However, IL conducts rigorous testing and extensive software validation prior to releasing a software revision. If the user encounters a rare software error code, it should be reported to your local IL Technical Support Representative.
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE - CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
| Jean Cooper | |
|---|---|
| (Division Sign-Off) | |
| Division of Clinical Laboratory Devices | |
| 510(k) Number | K022158 |
| Prescription Use (Per 21 CFR 801.019) | X | OR | Over-The-Counter Use |
|---|---|---|---|
| --------------------------------------- | --- | ---- | ---------------------- |
Section 2
GEM® Premier 3000: iQM™ and GEM® CVP 510(k)