K Number
K183621
Date Cleared
2019-02-22

(58 days)

Product Code
Regulation Number
892.1000
Reference & Predicate Devices
Predicate For
AI/MLSaMDIVD (In Vitro Diagnostic)TherapeuticDiagnosticis PCCP AuthorizedThirdpartyExpeditedreview
Intended Use

The EMMA 1.5T MR System is a magnetic resonance diagnostic device (MRDD) which produces transverse, sagittal, coronal and oblique cross-sectional images, and those display the internal structure and/or function of the head, body, or extremities. Depending on the region of interest, contrast agents may be used. These images when interpreted by trained physician yield information that may assist medical diagnosis.

Device Description

The EMMA 1.5T MRI System is a 1.5T superconducting magnet MRI system which produces transverse, sagittal, coronal and oblique cross-sectional images, and those display the internal structure and/or function of the head, body, or extremities. It is composed of Magnet, Magnet Enclosure, Patient Table, Gradient Coil, Transmission Coil, Receiver Coil, Client PC, and Imaging Cabinet. The system software, Prodiva, a Windows-based software, is an interactive program with user friendly interface. The device is conformed to IEC and DICOM standards.

AI/ML Overview

The provided text is a 510(k) summary for the EMMA 1.5T MRI System. It details the device's characteristics and its substantial equivalence to a predicate device, focusing on non-clinical performance data and a comparison of clinical images.

Here's an analysis based on your request, highlighting the information available in the text:

1. Table of Acceptance Criteria and Reported Device Performance

The acceptance criteria for the EMMA 1.5T MRI System are largely based on compliance with various NEMA MS and IEC standards, demonstrating that its performance is equivalent to the predicate device. The text does not provide specific numerical acceptance criteria alongside numerical reported performance for each metric; instead, it states compliance with the standards.

Acceptance Criteria CategoryStandard/RequirementReported Device Performance
BiocompatibilityISO 10993-1Complies; evaluation conducted.
Electrical Safety & EMCAAMI/ANSI ES60601-1, IEC 60601-2-33, IEC 60601-1-2:2014 Edition 4Complies; testing conducted.
Surface Heating of RF Receive CoilsAAMI/ANSI ES60601-1 (max 41°C)Measured temperature never exceeds 41°C in either coil-plugged or coil-unplugged configurations.
Software Verification & ValidationFDA's Guidance for Industry and FDA Staff, "Guidance for the Content of Premarket Submissions for Software Contained in Medical Devices."Documentation provided; testing conducted.
Acoustic TestingNEMA MS 4-2010Complies; testing conducted.
Performance Testing (Bench)NEMA MS-1-2008 (R2014) (SNR)Complies; demonstrates safety and performance as expected.
NEMA MS 2-2008 (R2014) (2D Geometric Distortion)Complies; demonstrates safety and performance as expected.
NEMA MS 3-2008 (R2014) (Image Uniformity)Complies; demonstrates safety and performance as expected.
NEMA MS 5-2010 (Slice Thickness)Complies; demonstrates safety and performance as expected.
NEMA MS 6-2008 (R2014) (SNR & Image Uniformity for Single-Channel Non-Volume Coils)Complies; demonstrates safety and performance as expected.
NEMA MS 8-2016 (SAR)Complies; demonstrates safety and performance as expected.

2. Sample Size Used for the Test Set and Data Provenance

The document mentions "Sample clinical images are provided to verify the claim of filing device's capability in generating images for diagnostic purposes." and "Sample clinical image sets from filing device and predicate device on same pulse sequences are provided to demonstrate the substantial equivalence."

  • Sample size used for the test set: Not explicitly stated. The term "sample clinical images" suggests a limited set, but no number is given.
  • Data provenance: Not explicitly stated. It is implied these are clinical images, but information on country of origin or whether they are retrospective or prospective is not provided.

3. Number of Experts Used to Establish the Ground Truth for the Test Set and Qualifications of Those Experts

This information is not provided in the document. The text states that the resulting images, "when interpreted by trained physician yield information that may assist medical diagnosis," but it does not detail an expert review process for a specific test set or the qualifications of any such experts.

4. Adjudication Method for the Test Set

This information is not provided in the document. There is no mention of an adjudication method like 2+1 or 3+1 for establishing ground truth on a test set.

5. Multi-Reader Multi-Case (MRMC) Comparative Effectiveness Study

A MRMC comparative effectiveness study is not mentioned in the document. The study performed focuses on demonstrating substantial equivalence through non-clinical performance and a visual comparison of sample clinical images, not on quantifying human reader improvement with or without AI assistance.

6. Standalone (Algorithm Only) Performance Study

This is an MRI system, not an AI algorithm. Therefore, a standalone (algorithm only) performance study in the context of AI is not applicable/not performed as described for diagnostic algorithms. The performance studies are for the imaging system itself. The document mentions "Software Verification and Validation Testing," which is focused on the software's functionality and safety within the device, not its standalone diagnostic performance.

7. Type of Ground Truth Used

For the clinical image comparison, the ground truth is implicitly based on the visual interpretability of the images by a "trained physician" for diagnostic assistance. However, a formal "ground truth" (e.g., pathology, clinical follow-up) for a specific diagnostic outcome for these sample images is not explicitly stated or detailed. The comparison is about the quality and diagnostic utility of the images produced by the new device versus the predicate device.

8. Sample Size for the Training Set

This information is not applicable as the document describes an MRI system, not an AI algorithm that requires a training set in that conventional sense. The "software" in this context refers to the operating and image reconstruction software, which is traditionally developed and validated through engineering processes, not trained on radiological data like an AI model.

9. How the Ground Truth for the Training Set Was Established

This information is not applicable for the same reason as point 8.

{0}------------------------------------------------

Image /page/0/Picture/0 description: The image contains two logos. The logo on the left is the Department of Health & Human Services - USA logo. The logo on the right is the FDA U.S. Food & Drug Administration logo. The FDA logo is blue.

Time Medical Limited % Mr. Nick Tse Compliance Manager G/F, Bio-Informatics Center No., 2 Science Park West Avenue Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong CHINA

February 22, 2019

Re: K183621

Trade/Device Name: EMMA 1.5T MRI System Regulation Number: 21 CFR 892.1000 Regulation Name: Magnetic resonance diagnostic device Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: LNH Dated: December 12, 2018 Received: December 26, 2018

Dear Mr. Tse:

We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You mav, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. Although this letter refers to your product as a device, please be avare that some cleared products may instead be combination products. The 510(k) Premarket Notification Database located at https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfpmn/pmn.cfm identifies combination product submissions. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.

If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.

Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's

{1}------------------------------------------------

requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803) for devices or postmarketing safety reporting (21 CFR 4, Subpart B) for combination products (see https://www.fda.gov/CombinationProducts/GuidanceRegulatoryInformation/ucm597488.htm); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (OS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820) for devices or current good manufacturing practices (21 CFR 4, Subpart A) for combination products; and, if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.

Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm.

For comprehensive regulatory information about mediation-emitting products, including information about labeling regulations, please see Device Advice (https://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/DeviceRegulationandGuidance/) and CDRH Learn (http://www.fda.gov/Training/CDRHLearn). Additionally, you may contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education (DICE) to ask a question about a specific regulatory topic. See the DICE website (http://www.fda.gov/DICE) for more information or contact DICE by email (DICE@fda.hhs.gov) or phone (1-800-638-2041 or 301-796-7100).

Sincerely.

Michael D. O'Hara
For

Robert Ochs, Ph.D. Director Division of Radiological Health Office of In Vitro Diagnostics and Radiological Health Center for Devices and Radiological Health

Enclosure

{2}------------------------------------------------

2.2 INDICATIONS FOR USE

FDA Indications for Use Form (FDA Form 3881) is shown below and at Annex K.

DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICESFood and Drug AdministrationIndications for UseForm Approved: OMB No. 0910-0120Expiration Date: 06/30/2020See PRA Statement below.
510(k) Number (if known)
K183621
Device Name

EMMA 1.5T MRI System

Indications for Use (Describe)

The EMMA 1.5T MR System is a magnetic resonance diagnostic device (MRDD) which produces transverse, sagittal, coronal and oblique cross-sectional images, and those display the internal structure and/or function of the head, body, or extremities. Depending on the region of interest, contrast agents may be used. These images when interpreted by trained physician yield information that may assist medical diagnosis.

Type of Use (Select one or both, as applicable)
2 Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D)Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
CONTINUE ON A SEPARATE PAGE IF NEEDED.
This section applies only to requirements of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995.
DO NOT SEND YOUR COMPLETED FORM TO THE PRA STAFF EMAIL ADDRESS BELOW .
The burden time for this collection of information is estimated to average 79 hours per response, including thetime to review instructions, search existing data sources, gather and maintain the data needed and completeand review the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspectof this information collection, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to:
Department of Health and Human ServicesFood and Drug AdministrationOffice of Chief Information OfficerPaperwork Reduction Act (PRA) StaffPRAStaff@fda.hhs.gov
"An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a collection ofinformation unless it displays a currently valid OMB number."

FORM FDA 3881 (7/17)

Page 1 of 1

POC Fultidaing Services (301) 443-4345 EF

{3}------------------------------------------------

K183621

2.1 510(K) SUMMARY OF SAFETY AND EFFECTIVENESS

This 510(k) Summary is being submitted in accordance with the requirements of SMDA 1990 and 21 CFR 807.92.

Date of Submission:February, 9, 2018
Sponsor:Time Medical LimitedG/F Bio-Informatics Centre, No. 2 Science Park West Avenue,Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, ChinaContact Person: Nick Tse - Compliance ManagerTelephone number: +852 21561711 Fax.: +852 2156 0908
Correspondent:Time Medical LimitedG/F Bio-Informatics Centre, No. 2 Science Park West Avenue,Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, ChinaContact Person: Nick Tse - Compliance ManagerTelephone number: +852 21561711 Fax.: +852 2156 0908
Filing Device:EMMA 1.5T MRI System
Classification Name:System. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Regulatory Description:Magnetic Resonance Diagnostic Device (MRDD)
Classification ClassClass II / LNH / 21 CFR 892. 1000
Intended Use:The EMMA 1.5T MRI System is indicated for use as a magnetic resonancediagnostic device (MRDD) which produces transverse, sagittal, coronal andoblique cross-sectional images, and those display the internal structureand/or function of the head, body, or extremities. Depending on the region ofinterest, contrast agents may be used. These images when interpreted bytrained physician yield information that may assist medical diagnosis.
Device Description:The EMMA 1.5T MRI System is a 1.5T superconducting magnet MRIsystem which produces transverse, sagittal, coronal and obliquecross-sectional images, and those display the internal structure and/orfunction of the head, body, or extremities. It is composed of Magnet, MagnetEnclosure, Patient Table, Gradient Coil, Transmission Coil, Receiver Coil,Client PC, and Imaging Cabinet. The system software, Prodiva, aWindows-based software, is an interactive program with user friendlyinterface. The device is conformed to IEC and DICOM standards.

General Comparison to Predicate Device:

Comparison ElementFiling Device:Predicate Device:
510(k) NumberN/AK161567
Model15000-01SIGNA Voyager 1.5T
Device NameEMMA 1.5T MRI SystemSIGNA Voyager
ApplicantTime Medical LimitedGE Healthcare
Applicant AddressUnit G01-G03, 05 & 08, G/F,Bio-Informatics Centre, Hong KongScience Park, Shatin, N.T3200 N. Grandview Blvd.Waukesha, WI 53188, USA
Classification NameSystem, Nuclear MagneticResonance ImagingMagnetic Resonance DiagnosticDevice
Product CodeLNHLNH, MOS
Regulation Number21 CFR 892.1000
PanelRadiology
ClassClass II
Indications for UseThe EMMA 1.5T MRI System isindicated for use as a magneticresonance diagnostic device(MRDD) which producestransverse, sagittal, coronal andoblique cross-sectional images,and those display the internalstructure and/or function of theThe SIGNA Voyager is a whole bodymagnetic resonance scannerdesigned to support high resolution,high signal-to-noise ratio, and shortscan time imaging. The SIGNAVoyager is indicated for use as adiagnostic imaging device to produceaxial, sagittal, coronal, and oblique

{4}------------------------------------------------

The filing device has the same US FDA classification including classification name, product code, regulation number, panel, and class with the predicate device.

The filing device has the same major indications for use as the predicate device produces transverse, sagittal, coronal and oblique cross-sectional images, and those display the internal structure and/or function of the head, body, or extremities. Depending on the region of interest, contrast agents may be used. These images when interpreted by trained physician yield information that may assist medical diagnosis.

The minor differences in indications for use do not constitute any safety and effectiveness issue, as indicated in performance data provided.

GeneralFiling DevicePredicate Device
DesignCylindricalCylindrical
MaterialsFRP, ABS
Power SourceIsolated power supply
Performance DataComply with:- NEMA MS standards- IEC standards: IEC 60601-1,IEC60601-1-2,IEC60601-2-33
MagnetFiling DevicePredicate Device
TypeSuperconducting
Field Strength1.5T
Weight3,200 kg3,900 kg
Overall Dimensions1497 x 1880 x 2421 mm(L x W x H)1730 x 2070 x 2360 mm(L x W x H)
Cryogen TypeLiquid Helium
Spatial Homogeneity1.45 ppm at 40 cm DSV0.40 ppm at 40 cm DSV
Fringe Field5 gauss line < 2.5m radial x 4maxial2.5 m radial x 4.0 m axial
Magnet Room LightingFor sufficient and even lighting, 16overhead lamps (100 lumen each)recommendedAvailable
Room VentilationHVAC is installed for ventilation.
Gradient SystemFiling DevicePredicate Device
Amplitude43.6 mT/m36 mT/m
Rise time0.17 ms0.24 ms
Slew rate257 T/m/s150 T/m/s
Patient TableFiling DevicePredicate Device
Dimensions (L x W x H)92.1 x 24.6 x 34.0 inch(2340 x 624 x 864 mm)96.5 x 27.6 x 36.7 inch(2450 x 700 x 932 mm)
Patient positioningLaser Localizer assisted automaticpatient table positioning.Manual Position modeLaser Localizer Available
Max Patient Weight200kg250 kg
Patient-control roomcommunicationMicrophones and speaker fortwo-way communication betweenpatient and radiologistMagnacoustic Communication &Music System
WorkstationFiling DevicePredicate Device
ModelMulti-Processing, Multi-Core PCwith 24-inch monitorQuad-Core Intel Xeon with 24-inchmonitor
Memory and Capacity64GB of RAM, 250GB SSD Storage32GB of RAM, 2 x 400 GB SSDStorage
Operating SystemMicrosoft WindowsLinux OS
Receive CoilsFiling DevicePredicate Device
Multi-Channel Head Coil
Multi-Channel Head andneck Coil
Multi-Channel ShoulderCoil
Multi-Channel Spine Coil
Multi-Channel Body Coil
Multi-Channel ClosedBreast Coil
Multi-Channel Knee Coil
Multi-Channel Ankle Coil
Multi-Channel Wrist Coil
Multi-ChannelMulti-purpose Coils
Pulse SequencesFiling DevicePredicate Device
T1 Spin Echo
T1, T2 Fast Spin Echo,HASTE
T1, T2* Gradient Echo
FLAIR
TOF Angiography
Inversion Recovery
Fat-Water Separation
Chemical Fat Sat
MRCP
DWI EPI
CMGE
SWI
2D Image ProcessingFeaturesFiling DevicePredicate Device
Image panning, zooming,windowing
Image flipping, invertingand rotation
Statistical Analysis
Geometric Measurement
Phase Image
CINE
Shutter
Image Filtering
Image Subtraction
Slice Profile
Histogram
3D Image Processing(MPR/Max.IP)Filing DevicePredicate Device
Image panning, zooming,windowing
Cutting Operation OutputStack
Image export
The filing device basically utilizes same technologies as predicate device, and can give consistentresults when using the images in medical diagnosis. The minor differences in technologicalcharacteristics do not constitute any safety and effectiveness issue, as indicated in performance dataprovided.

Comparison of Technological Characteristics with the Predicate Device:

{5}------------------------------------------------

{6}------------------------------------------------

{7}------------------------------------------------

TechnologicalCharacteristicEMMA 1.5T MRI system is based on the principle that certain atomic nucleipresent in the human body, when placed in a strong magnetic field andexcited by a radio frequency signal at the precession frequency, will emit arelaxation signal. The emitted relaxation signals are acquired by signalreceiving coils and are analyzed by the system. Human-interpretableimages are reconstructed by and stored in the computer and displayed onthe screen.
The principle components of EMMA 1.5T MRI system includes
Superconducting magnet with corresponding cooling devices Gradient system RF transmission and receive system Cooling system for different components of the system Patient table and support components Spectrometer Server/Client PC and application software
The superconducting magnet is made of coils of superconducting wiresand is cooled to and maintained at cryogenic temperature by an encloseddedicated cooling system. When energized, current flows continuouslyinside the superconducting wires as a closed loop; thus producing aconstant magnetic field. This has the same major technologicalcharacteristics as the predicate device.
The gradient system consists of a gradient coil and the gradient amplifier.The gradient coil produces varying linear gradient fields in the threeorthogonal spatial axes with currents given by the gradient amplifier. Thegradient coil can also produce various non-linear gradients fields toimprove the homogeneity of the main magnetic field. This has the samemajor technological characteristics as the predicate device.
The RF transmission and receive system consists of the RF amplifier, theRF transmission coil and various RF receiver coils for receiving therelaxation signals emitted from the subject after RF transmission. They arecoils made of copper wires tuned to transmit and receive around thedesigned frequency corresponding to the magnetic field strength. This hasthe same major technological characteristics as the predicate device.
The cooling system maintains suitable operating temperatures foramplifiers and other system devices. This has the same majortechnological characteristics as the predicate device.
The patient table and support components provide a comfortable platformfor the patient and allows the operator to easily position the patient to thelocation for imaging. This has the same major technological characteristicsas the predicate device.
The spectrometer controls the execution of the pulse sequence for RFtransmit and receive and gradient output. This has the same majortechnological characteristics as the predicate device.
The server/client PC and the application software provides the operator aplatform to configure scans and manage scanned data. Raw data receivedfrom the spectrometer is also reconstructed here. This has the same majortechnological characteristics as the predicate device.
technological characteristics as the predicate device.
Therefore, the same scientific technology theory is applied to both theEMMA 1.5T MRI system and predicate device.
Any minor differences in physical attributes do not constitute any safety andeffectiveness issue, as indicated in performance data provided.

{8}------------------------------------------------

{9}------------------------------------------------

Nonclinical TestingSummary:Like the predicate device, the following performance data were provided insupport of the substantial equivalence determination.
Biocompatibility testingThe biocompatibility evaluation for the filing device was conducted inaccordance with ISO 10993-1 "Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices –Part 1: Evaluation and Testing Within a Risk Management Process" asrecognized by FDA.
Electrical safety and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)Electrical safety and EMC testing were conducted in accordance with AAMI/ ANSI ES60601-1:2005/(R)2012 And A1:2012 "Medical ElectricalEquipment - Part 1: General Requirements For Basic Safety And EssentialPerformance", IEC 60601-2-33:2010+A1:2013 "Medical ElectricalEquipment - Part 2-33: Particular Requirements For The Basic Safety AndEssential Performance Of Magnetic Resonance Equipment For MedicalDiagnostic for safety" and IEC 60601-1-2:2014 Edition 4 "Medical ElectricalEquipment - Part 1-2: General Requirements For Basic Safety AndEssential Performance - Collateral Standard: ElectromagneticDisturbances - Requirements And Tests" for EMC as recognized by FDA
Surface Heating of RF Receive CoilsSurface heating was tested with both coil-plugged and coil-unpluggedconfigurations according to AAMI/ANSI ES60601-1. The measuredtemperature of the surface of the coil never exceeds the maximum limit of41°C in either configuration.
Software Verification and Validation TestingSoftware verification and validation testing were conducted anddocumentation was provided as recommended by FDA's Guidance forIndustry and FDA Staff, "Guidance for the Content of PremarketSubmissions for Software Contained in Medical Devices."
Acoustic testingAcoustic testing were conducted in accordance with NEMA MS 4-2010"Acoustic Noise Measurement Procedure for Diagnosing MagneticResonance Imaging Devices"
Performance testing - BenchThe filing device complies with the following NEMA MS standard as does thepredicate device:• NEMA MS-1-2008 (R2014) - Determination of Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR) in Diagnostic Magnetic Resonance Images• NEMA MS 2-2008 (R2014) - Determination of Two-DimensionalGeometric Distortion in Diagnostic Magnetic Resonance Images• NEMA MS 3-2008 (R2014) - Determination of Image Uniformity inDiagnostic Magnetic Resonance Images• NEMA MS 5-2010 - Determination of Slice Thickness in DiagnosticMagnetic Resonance Imaging• NEMA MS 6-2008 (R2014) - Determination of Signal-to-Noise Ratioand Image Uniformity for Single-Channel Non-Volume Coils inDiagnostic MR Imaging• NEMA MS 8-2016 - Characterization Of The Specific AbsorptionRate For Magnetic Resonance Imaging SystemsThe performance testing results demonstrate the safety and performanceas expected. Therefore, the filing device is substantially equivalent to thelegally marketed predicate device.

{10}------------------------------------------------

Clinical TestingSummary:Sample clinical images are provided to verify the claim of filing device'scapability in generating images for diagnostic purposes. Sample clinicalimage sets from filing device and predicate device on same pulsesequences are provided to demonstrate the substantial equivalence of filingdevice to legally marketed predicate device.
Conclusions Drawnfrom Non-ClinicalInformation andClinical Images:The non-clinical information (safety and performance tests), combined withclinical images (both from filing device and predicate device), demonstratethat the filing device is as safe, as effective, and performs as well as thepredicate device.
SE Conclusion:The filing device has the same intended use as the predicate device. Theminor differences in indication for use do not constitute any safety andeffectiveness issue, as indicated in performance data provided.
The filing device utilizes same technologies as predicate device, and givesconsistent results (images) in medical diagnosis. Any minor differences inphysical attributes do not constitute any safety and effectiveness issue, asindicated in performance data [non clinical/clinical] provided.
Therefore the filing device is demonstrated, for being substantiallyequivalent to the legally marketed predicate device.

§ 892.1000 Magnetic resonance diagnostic device.

(a)
Identification. A magnetic resonance diagnostic device is intended for general diagnostic use to present images which reflect the spatial distribution and/or magnetic resonance spectra which reflect frequency and distribution of nuclei exhibiting nuclear magnetic resonance. Other physical parameters derived from the images and/or spectra may also be produced. The device includes hydrogen-1 (proton) imaging, sodium-23 imaging, hydrogen-1 spectroscopy, phosphorus-31 spectroscopy, and chemical shift imaging (preserving simultaneous frequency and spatial information).(b)
Classification. Class II (special controls). A magnetic resonance imaging disposable kit intended for use with a magnetic resonance diagnostic device only is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 892.9.