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VISULAS green is an ophthalmic laser used for standard photocoagulation treatments of ocular tissue with 532 nm wavelength. VISULAS green is operated in single-spot mode or in multi-spot mode.
VISULAS green consists of a laser console, touch control panel, optional laser light applicators such as laser slit lamp or laser indirect ophthalmoscope, foot switch and instrument table. The device can also be used with various accessories, such as SL Imaging Solution, contact lenses or Applanation Tonometer.

AI/ML Overview

The provided FDA 510(k) summary for the VISULAS green device (K232051) focuses on establishing substantial equivalence to a predicate device (VISULAS green, K181682) rather than presenting a study demonstrating the device meets a specific set of clinical performance acceptance criteria. Therefore, much of the requested information regarding a comparative effectiveness study, standalone performance, ground truth, and expert involvement is not present in this document.

However, I can extract information about the types of testing performed and the general conclusion of substantial equivalence.

1. Table of Acceptance Criteria and Reported Device Performance

The document does not specify quantitative acceptance criteria for clinical performance that the device was tested against. Instead, it states that the device underwent various forms of testing to demonstrate equivalence and compliance with standards.

Type of Testing/Evaluation	Acceptance Criteria (Implicit)	Reported Device Performance
Biocompatibility	Align with current recognized standards; meet or exceed testing performed on the predicate device.	Biocompatibility testing demonstrated equivalency between the subject device and the predicate device.
Laser Safety	Compliance with ANSI/AAMI ES60601-1, ANSI Z80.36, IEC 60825-1, IEC 60601-2-22.	VISULAS green was found to comply with ANSI/AAMI ES60601-1:2005/(R) 2012, ANSI Z80.36-2016, IEC 60825-1:2007, IEC 60601-2-22:2012.
Electrical Safety	Compliance with ANSI/AAMI ES60601-1.	VISULAS green was found to comply with ANSI/AAMI ES60601-1:2005/(R) 2012.
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)	Compliance with IEC 60601-1-2.	VISULAS green was found to comply with IEC 60601-1-2:2014.
Battery Safety	Compliance with IEC 62133.	VISULAS green was found to comply with IEC 62133: 2012 (likely related to any rechargeable components).
Software Verification & Validation	Adherence to FDA's "Guidance for the Content of Premarket Submissions for Software Contained in Medical Devices"; works as designed.	Software verification and validation testing was conducted, and documentation was provided. Verification and validation of VISULAS green demonstrated that the product works as designed.
Bench Testing (Functional & System-level)	Meet defined system specifications.	Non-clinical system testing provided an evaluation of the system relevant to each of the system specifications. The functional and system level testing showed that the system met the defined specifications. ZEISS demonstrated non-clinical equivalency between the subject device and the predicate device.
Overall (Substantial Equivalence)	Similar in technological characteristics, performance, principles of operation, and identical indications for use as the predicate device; no new issues of safety or effectiveness.	The VISULAS green is substantially equivalent to the predicate device, VISULAS green (K181682). Differences do not raise any new issues of safety or effectiveness.

2. Sample size used for the test set and the data provenance

Not applicable. The document describes engineering and software verification and validation, as well as biocompatibility testing, but does not detail a clinical test set for evaluating device performance against diseases of the eye. The focus is on demonstrating equivalence to a predicate device through technical specifications and non-clinical testing.

3. Number of experts used to establish the ground truth for the test set and the qualifications of those experts

Not applicable. As no clinical test set is described, there's no mention of experts establishing a ground truth for such a set.

4. Adjudication method (e.g. 2+1, 3+1, none) for the test set

Not applicable. No clinical test set is described.

5. If a multi reader multi case (MRMC) comparative effectiveness study was done, If so, what was the effect size of how much human readers improve with AI vs without AI assistance

Not applicable. The device (VISULAS green) is an ophthalmic laser for photocoagulation, not an AI-powered diagnostic or assistive tool for human readers. Therefore, an MRMC study comparing human reader performance with and without AI assistance is not relevant to this device's submission.

6. If a standalone (i.e. algorithm only without human-in-the-loop performance) was done

Not applicable. The VISULAS green is a medical device (laser system), not a standalone algorithm. Its performance is inherent to its physical operation and interaction with ocular tissues, guided by a human operator.

7. The type of ground truth used (expert consensus, pathology, outcomes data, etc)

For the technical testing detailed (biocompatibility, safety, software, bench testing), the "ground truth" would be the established engineering specifications, recognized industry standards, and the performance characteristics of the predicate device. No clinical "ground truth" (e.g., pathology, outcomes) is described as being directly used to measure the subject device's efficacy in treating specific diseases in a clinical study.

8. The sample size for the training set

Not applicable. This device is a laser system, not an AI/ML algorithm that requires a training set of data.

9. How the ground truth for the training set was established

Not applicable. This device is a laser system, not an AI/ML algorithm.

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