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510(k) Data Aggregation

    K Number
    K172951
    Date Cleared
    2017-10-24

    (28 days)

    Product Code
    Regulation Number
    892.1680
    Reference & Predicate Devices
    Why did this record match?
    Device Name :

    Nexus DR Digital X-ray Imaging System (with PaxScan 4343RC and PaxScan 4343Rv3)

    AI/MLSaMDIVD (In Vitro Diagnostic)TherapeuticDiagnosticis PCCP AuthorizedThirdpartyExpeditedreview
    Intended Use

    The Varex Nexus DR™ Digital X-ray Imaging System is a high resolution digital imaging system intended to replace conventional film techniques, or existing digital systems, in multipurpose or dedicated applications specified below. The Nexus DR™ Digital X-ray Imaging System enables an operator to acquire, display, process, export images to portable media, send images over a network for long term storage and distribute hardcopy images with a laser printer. Image processing algorithms enable the operator to bring out diagnostic details difficult to see using conventional imaging techniques. Images can be stored locally for temporary storage. The major system components include an image receptor, computer, monitor and imaging software.

    The Varex Nexus DR™ Digital X-ray Imaging System is intended for use in general radiographic examinations and applications (excluding fluoroscopy, angiography, and mammography).

    Device Description

    The Varex Nexus DR™ Digital X-ray Imaging System is a high resolution digital imaging system designed for digital X-ray imaging through the use of an X-ray detector. The Nexus DR™ Digital X-ray Imaging System is designed to support general radiographic (excluding fluoroscopy, angiography, and mammography) procedures through a single common imaging platform.

    The modified device consists of an X-ray imaging receptor, PaxScan 4343RC or PaxScan 4343Rv3, computer, monitor, and the digital imaging software.

    The Varex Nexus DR™ Digital X-ray Imaging System is a configurable product platform designed to allow Varex to leverage the common components of digital X-ray imaging systems from which the following medical modalities can be served: General Radiography (excluding fluoroscopy, angiography, and mammography). The Nexus DR™ Digital X-ray Imaging System is then configured to function on a computer with modality specific components, functionality and capabilities to complete the specific product package.

    Like the predicate device, the modified Nexus DRTM Digital X-ray Imaging System is in a class of devices that all use similar technology to acquire digital radiographic images. These devices convert X-rays into visible light that shines onto a TFT array, which converts the visible light into a digital electronic signal. This process is ultimately used for the same purpose as Radiographic film, to create an X-ray image.

    Identical to the predicate device, the modified device is capable of interfacing with a PaxScan flat panel detector in vTrigger Mode or RAD Mode utilizing an external I/O box to interface with compatible X-ray generators, in non-integrated mode. The modified device also retains the ability to apply the grid suppression feature.

    However, the modified device is capable of interfacing with the Varex PaxScan 4343RC and PaxScan 4343Rv3 detectors. The main difference between the additional detector models is mechanical; the PaxScan 4343RC is a cassette-sized portable tethered version whereas the PaxScan 4343v3 is utilized in a fixed configuration. Through the use of a digital flat panel detector, and a non-integrated generator, the Nexus DR™ Digital X-ray Imaging System (with PaxScan 4343RC and PaxScan 4343Rv3) is capable of acquiring digital radiographic images, processing and then displaying them in high quality for clinical diagnosis. The Nexus DR™ Digital X-ray Imaging System can then store the images on the local computer, archive them to CD/DVD media, transfer them to Hard Copy format via DICOM printers, or transfer them to PACS reviewing stations in DICOM format.

    AI/ML Overview

    The provided text describes the Varex Nexus DR Digital X-ray Imaging System, which is a digital X-ray imaging system. The submission is for a modified device that interfaces with additional PaxScan detectors compared to the predicate device.

    Here's an analysis of the acceptance criteria and study information based on the provided text:

    1. A table of acceptance criteria and the reported device performance

    The document presents a comparison chart of technological characteristics between the predicate device and the subject device. It doesn't explicitly state "acceptance criteria" in a pass/fail format but rather shows comparative performance metrics, with the implication that "Same" indicates meeting the expectation for substantial equivalence.

    Feature/ItemAcceptance Criteria (Predicate Device K171138)Reported Device Performance (Subject Device - Nexus DR with PaxScan 4343RC, 4343Rv3)
    Flat Panel DetectorVarex PaxScan 4336Wv4Varex PaxScan 4343RC / PaxScan 4343Rv3
    Detector Materiala-Si sensor array with CsI or Gd2O2S:TB scintillatorSame
    Detector Dimensions17" x 14"17" x 17"
    Pixel Size139 x 139 micronsSame
    Detector Element Matrix3072 x 25603072 x 3072
    Dynamic Range16 bitsSame
    QVAL (Uniformity)14.1 +/- 3.817.3 +/- 4.2
    Spatial Resolution3.2 lp/mmSame
    Modulation Transfer Function0.9 @ 1 cycle/mm, 0.25 @ 2 cycles/mm, 0.17 @ 3 cycles/mm0.55 @ 1 cycle/mm, 0.27 @ 2 cycles/mm, 0.14 @ 3 cycles/mm
    Detective Quantum Efficiency0.58 @ 1 cycle/mm, 0.43 @ 2 cycles/mm, 0.26 @ 3 cycles/mm0.55 @ 1 cycle/mm, 0.43 @ 2 cycles/mm, 0.30 @ 3 cycles/mm
    External ConnectivityDICOM 3.0 CompatibleSame
    Operator ConsoleGraphical User InterfaceSame
    Image ProcessorIntel CPU Based PCSame
    Image StorageHard DriveSame
    Operating SystemWindows 10Same
    Image Acquisition Cycle Time12 seconds9 seconds
    Power Requirements110/120V, 230/240V, 50/60 HzSame
    Grid SuppressionYesSame
    Panel Acquisition ModevTrigger or RAD ModeSame
    Generator Interface CriteriaDigital signals for Select, Prep, Request; relay outputs for ExposeSame (Applicable generators listed)

    2. Sample size used for the test set and the data provenance (e.g. country of origin of the data, retrospective or prospective)

    The document explicitly states: "Clinical images were not necessary to establish substantial equivalence based on the modifications to the device (the PaxScan 4343RC and PaxScan 4343Rv3 Flat Panel Detectors use identical technology as the predicate device image detector), and bench testing results provide enough evidence that the subject device works as intended."

    This indicates that no clinical test set using patient data was employed for this particular submission. The evaluation was based on non-clinical (bench) testing. Therefore, information on sample size, country of origin, or retrospective/prospective nature of a clinical test set is not applicable.

    3. Number of experts used to establish the ground truth for the test set and the qualifications of those experts (e.g. radiologist with 10 years of experience)

    Since no clinical test set was used, there were no experts involved in establishing ground truth for a clinical test set. The evaluation primarily relied on engineering and performance metrics from bench testing.

    4. Adjudication method (e.g. 2+1, 3+1, none) for the test set

    Not applicable, as no clinical test set was utilized.

    5. If a multi reader multi case (MRMC) comparative effectiveness study was done, If so, what was the effect size of how much human readers improve with AI vs without AI assistance

    Not applicable. The device is an X-ray imaging system, not an AI-based diagnostic tool for interpretation assistance, and no MRMC study was conducted.

    6. If a standalone (i.e. algorithm only without human-in-the loop performance) was done

    Not applicable. The device is a digital X-ray imaging system; it is not an algorithm for standalone diagnostic performance.

    7. The type of ground truth used (expert consensus, pathology, outcomes data, etc)

    For the non-clinical tests, the ground truth was based on engineering specifications, physical measurements, and industry standards (e.g., lp/mm for spatial resolution, QVAL for uniformity, DQE values).

    8. The sample size for the training set

    Not applicable. The device is a medical imaging hardware system with associated software, not a machine learning algorithm that requires a training set of images in the typical sense. The software aspects would have undergone verification and validation testing, but not "training" with a dataset as an AI algorithm would.

    9. How the ground truth for the training set was established

    Not applicable, as there was no training set for a machine learning model.

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