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510(k) Data Aggregation

    K Number
    K240441
    Manufacturer
    Date Cleared
    2024-03-15

    (30 days)

    Product Code
    Regulation Number
    888.3030
    Reference & Predicate Devices
    Why did this record match?
    Device Name :

    MILAGRO Interference Screw; MILAGRO ADVANCE Interference Screw

    AI/MLSaMDIVD (In Vitro Diagnostic)TherapeuticDiagnosticis PCCP AuthorizedThirdpartyExpeditedreview
    Intended Use

    MILAGRO ADVANCE PEEK Interference Screws (7x23mm, 8x23mm, 9x23mm):

    The DePuy Mitek MILAGRO ADVANCE PEEK Interference Screw is indicated as follows:

    · Knee: Attachment of a bone-tendon-bone (BTB) graft to the tibia and/or femur during cruciate ligament reconstruction procedures.

    • · Knee: Attachment of a soft tissue (ST) graft to the tibia and/or femur during cruciate ligament reconstruction
    • · Knee: Medial and lateral collateral ligament repair
    • · Knee: Medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (femur fixation)
    • · Shoulder: Proximal Biceps Tenodesis
    • · Elbow: Distal Biceps Tenodesis

    · Foot and Ankle: Lateral Stabilization, Medial Stabilization, Achilles Tendon Repair, Mid-Foot Reconstruction, Flexor Hallucis Longus for Achilles Tendon Reconstruction. Tendon Transfer in the Foot and Ankle

    MILAGRO ADVANCE PEEK Interference Screws (7x30mm, 8x30mm):

    The DePuy Mitek MILAGRO ADVANCE PEEK Interference Screw is indicated as follows:

    · Knee: Attachment of a bone-tendon-bone (BTB) graft to the tibia and/or femur during cruciate ligament reconstruction procedures.

    · Knee: Attachment of a soft tissue (ST) graft to the tibia and/or femur during cruciate ligament reconstruction

    · Foot and Ankle: Lateral Stabilization, Medial Stabilization, Achilles Tendon Repair, Mid-Foot Recorstruction, Flexor Hallucis Longus for Achilles Tendon Reconstruction, Tendon Transfer in the Foot and Ankle

    MILAGRO ADVANCE BR Interference Screws (7x23mm, 8x23mm, 9x23mm):

    The DePuy Mitek MILAGRO ADVANCE BR Interference Screw is indicated as follows:

    · Knee: Attachment of a bone-tendon-bone (BTB) graft to the tibia and/or femur during cruciate ligament reconstruction procedures.

    • · Knee: Attachment of a soft tissue (ST) graft to the tibia and/or femur during cruciate ligament reconstruction
    • · Knee: Medial and lateral ligament repair, medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (femur fixation)
    • Shoulder: Proximal Biceps Tenodesis
    • · Elbow: Distal Biceps Tenodesis

    · Foot and Ankle: Lateral Stabilization, Medial Stabilization, Achilles Tendon Repair, Mid-Foot Reconstruction, Flexor Hallucis Longus for Achilles Tendon Reconstruction. Tendon Transfer in the Foot and Ankle

    MILAGRO ADVANCE BR Interference Screws (8x30mm, 7x30mm):

    The DePuy Mitek MILAGRO ADVANCE BR Interference Screw is indicated as follows:

    · Knee: Attachment of a bone-tendon-bone (BTB) graft to the tibia and/or femur during cruciate ligament reconstruction procedures.

    · Knee: Attachment of a soft tissue (ST) graft to the tibia and/or femur during cruciate ligament reconstruction

    · Foot and Ankle: Lateral Stabilization, Medial Stabilization, Achilles Tendon Repair, Mid-Foot Recor Hallucis Longus for Achilles Tendon Reconstruction, Tendon Transfer in the Foot and Ankle

    MILAGRO BR Interference Screws (7x15mm, 6x12mm, 5x12mm):

    The DePuy Mitek MILAGRO BR Interference Screws designed to attach soft tissues to bone in orthopedic surgical procedures for the following indications:

    · Shoulder: Proximal Biceps Tenodesis, Acromio-Clavicular Repair

    · Elbow: Distal Biceps Tenodesis, Ulnar Collateral Ligament Repair

    · Knee: Collateral Ligament Repair, Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction (patella fixation)

    · Foot and Ankle: Lateral Stabilization. Medial Stabilization. Mid-Foot Reconstruction. Tendon Transfer in the Foot and Ankle

    MILAGRO BR Interference Screws (5x23mm, 6x23mm, 6x30mm, 6x30mm):

    The DePuy Mitek MILAGRO Interference Screw is indicated as follows:

    • · Knee: (ST) graft to the tibia and/or femur during cruciate ligament reconstruction procedures
    • · Knee: Medial and lateral collateral ligament repair*
    • · Shoulder: Proximal bicep tenodesis *
    • Elbow: Distal bicep tenodesis*

    · Foot and Ankle: Lateral Stabilization, Medial Stabilization, Achilles Tendon Repair, Mid-Foot Recor Hallucis Longus for Achilles Tendon Reconstruction. Tendon Transfer in the Foot and Ankle

    • These indications do not apply to 5x30mm Screws and 6x30mm Screws
    Device Description

    The subject devices of this Special 510(k) are the MILAGRO Interference Screws and the Milagro ADVANCE Interference Screws. These interference screws are cannulated, threaded, tapered fasteners for use in interference fixation of soft tissue grafts and/or bone-tendon-bone grafts.

    The MILAGRO Interference Screws and MILAGRO ADVANCE Interference Screws are offered in varying sizing configurations. The devices are offered in absorbable Biocryl Rapide material which is a biocomposite material of 70% PLGA copolymer (85% PLLA/15% PGA) and 30% β-TCP or PEEK (Polyether ether ketone) material.

    The devices are provided sterile via Ethylene Oxide (EO) sterilization and are for single use only.

    AI/ML Overview

    The provided document is a 510(k) Premarket Notification from the FDA for DePuy Mitek MILAGRO Interference Screws. This type of submission focuses on demonstrating substantial equivalence to a legally marketed predicate device, rather than proving the safety and effectiveness of a novel device through clinical trials and detailed acceptance criteria for an AI/software as a medical device (SaMD).

    Therefore, the document does not contain the information requested regarding acceptance criteria and studies for an AI/SaMD. Specifically:

    • No acceptance criteria table or device performance is reported in the context of an AI/SaMD. The document mentions "performance testing for insertion force" and "assessment of fixation strength" for the physical interference screws, which are not relevant to AI/SaMD performance.
    • No sample size information for a test set for AI/SaMD is present.
    • No data provenance for AI/SaMD is mentioned.
    • No information regarding experts for ground truth establishment, adjudication methods, MRMC studies, standalone AI performance, or types of ground truth is available.
    • No information about training set size or ground truth establishment for a training set for AI/SaMD is provided.

    The document primarily focuses on:

    • Device Identification: MILAGRO Interference Screw; MILAGRO ADVANCE Interference Screw.
    • Regulatory Information: Class II medical device, product codes MAI, MBI, regulated under 21 CFR 888.3030.
    • Substantial Equivalence: Listing predicate devices (K103831, K143660, K123362, K161001). The primary reason for this 510(k) is a modification to the labeling to add additional foot and ankle indications, asserting that the "anchor design, materials, principal of operation, and intended use of the subject devices are identical to that of the predicate devices."
    • Indications for Use: Detailed list of applications in knee, shoulder, elbow, foot, and ankle for various screw types and sizes.
    • Non-clinical Testing: Briefly states "Verification activities were performed... included an assessment of fixation strength... as well as performance testing for insertion force," concluding that these tests demonstrated suitability for the additional indications.

    In summary, the provided text does not describe an AI/software medical device or the specific types of studies (like MRMC or standalone performance evaluations) that would involve acceptance criteria for AI algorithms. It pertains to a physical orthopedic implant and its substantial equivalence to previously cleared devices.

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    K Number
    K122869
    Date Cleared
    2012-12-13

    (85 days)

    Product Code
    Regulation Number
    888.3030
    Reference & Predicate Devices
    Why did this record match?
    Device Name :

    MILAGRO INTERFERENCE SCREWS

    AI/MLSaMDIVD (In Vitro Diagnostic)TherapeuticDiagnosticis PCCP AuthorizedThirdpartyExpeditedreview
    Intended Use

    The DePuy Mitek MILAGRO BR Interference Screws are designed to attach soft tissues to bone in orthopedic surgical procedures for following indications: Shoulder: Proximal Biceps Tenodesis, Acromio-Clavicular Repair Elbow: Distal Biceps Tenodesis, Ulnar Collateral Ligament repair Knee: Collateral Ligament Repair

    Device Description

    The DePuy Mitek Milagro® Interference Screws are absorbable, tapered, cannulated, threaded fasteners for use in interference fixation of soft tissue grafts or bone-tendon grafts. The Interference Screw is made from a composite made of absorbable Poly (lactide-co-glycolide) polymer and Tricalcium Phosphate (TCP). Modular Drivers, Ratchet Handle, Guidewires, a Tap and Notcher are provided separately as reusable accessories to assist in the placement of the MILAGRO BR Screw. The proposed DePuy Mitek Milagro® Interference Screws are offered in diameters of 5, 6mm and in the length of 12mm.

    AI/ML Overview

    The provided text describes the DePuy Mitek Milagro® Interference Screws and their substantial equivalence to predicate devices, but it does not contain information about acceptance criteria or a study designed to prove the device meets specific acceptance criteria in the context of an AI/ML model for medical diagnosis or prognosis.

    The document is a 510(k) summary for a medical device (interference screws) seeking clearance from the FDA. The "acceptance criteria" and "study" described in the prompt refer to the typical evaluation process for AI/ML-driven medical devices, often involving performance metrics like sensitivity, specificity, AUC, and comparison to human expert performance. This document, however, focuses on the physical and mechanical properties of the interference screws and their intended use.

    Here's a breakdown of why the requested information cannot be extracted from the provided text, followed by what can be extracted:

    Why the Requested Information (for an AI/ML Model) Cannot Be Provided:

    • No AI/ML Model: The document describes a physical medical device (implants), not a software algorithm or AI/ML model. Therefore, concepts like "acceptance criteria for an AI model," "sample size for test set," "data provenance," "number of experts for ground truth," "adjudication method," "MRMC study," "standalone performance," "training set," or "ground truth for training set" are not applicable to the content provided.
    • Focus on Substantial Equivalence: The primary objective of this 510(k) submission is to demonstrate "substantial equivalence" to existing, legally marketed predicate devices. This involves comparing technological characteristics, materials, and indications for use, often supported by non-clinical (bench) testing, rather than clinical efficacy studies in the way an AI/ML device would be evaluated.

    Information Extracted from the Provided Text (Relevant to the Medical Device itself):

    Since the prompt asks for a table of acceptance criteria and reported device performance, and the document is about a physical device's non-clinical testing, I will interpret "acceptance criteria" as the performance metrics evaluated during the non-clinical testing and "reported device performance" as the implication that these tests demonstrated substantial equivalence. However, specific numerical targets (e.g., "pullout strength > X N") are not provided.


    1. Table of Acceptance Criteria and Reported Device Performance

    Acceptance Criteria (Measured Performance Metric)Reported Device Performance (as implied by FDA Substantial Equivalence)
    Insertion TorqueDemonstrated substantial equivalence to predicate devices.
    Anchor Pullout (at T=0, 3, 6 and 12 week in-vitro physiological aging)Demonstrated substantial equivalence to predicate devices.
    Torque to FailureDemonstrated substantial equivalence to predicate devices.

    Note: The document states, "Results of performance and safety testing have demonstrated that the proposed device is substantially equivalent to the predicate devices." It does not provide specific numerical values for the acceptance criteria or the device's performance, but rather confirms that the device met the necessary standards for substantial equivalence based on these non-clinical tests.


    The remaining numbered points (2 through 9) are explicitly related to evaluating an AI/ML model, which this document does not describe. Therefore, the answer for those points is that the information is Not Applicable or Not Provided in the context of this medical device submission.


    2. Sample size used for the test set and the data provenance (e.g. country of origin of the data, retrospective or prospective)

    • Not Applicable / Not Provided. This document describes non-clinical (bench) testing of a physical implant, not an AI/ML model evaluated with a test set of data. The "test set" would be the screws themselves and the materials used in the bench tests (e.g., bone surrogates). The sample sizes for these bench tests are not specified, nor is the provenance of the materials used.

    3. Number of experts used to establish the ground truth for the test set and the qualifications of those experts (e.g. radiologist with 10 years of experience)

    • Not Applicable / Not Provided. This concept relates to human expert annotation for AI/ML ground truth. For this physical device, "ground truth" would be the objective results of the mechanical tests, not expert consensus on images or other data.

    4. Adjudication method (e.g. 2+1, 3+1, none) for the test set

    • Not Applicable / Not Provided. Adjudication methods are used to resolve disagreements among human experts providing ground truth for AI/ML models. This is not relevant to the non-clinical testing of an orthopedic implant.

    5. If a multi reader multi case (MRMC) comparative effectiveness study was done, If so, what was the effect size of how much human readers improve with AI vs without AI assistance

    • Not Applicable / Not Provided. An MRMC study evaluates the performance of human readers, sometimes with and without AI assistance. This document pertains to a physical medical device and does not involve human readers or AI assistance in its evaluation.

    6. If a standalone (i.e. algorithm only without human-in-the loop performance) was done

    • Not Applicable / Not Provided. This refers to the standalone performance of an AI algorithm. The device is a physical implant, not an algorithm.

    7. The type of ground truth used (expert consensus, pathology, outcomes data, etc)

    • Objective Mechanical Test Results. For the non-clinical testing described (Insertion Torque, Anchor Pullout, Torque to Failure), the "ground truth" would be the objective, quantifiable measurements obtained from the mechanical tests performed on the implant, not expert consensus or pathology in a clinical context.

    8. The sample size for the training set

    • Not Applicable / Not Provided. There is no "training set" as this is not an AI/ML model.

    9. How the ground truth for the training set was established

    • Not Applicable / Not Provided. There is no "training set" or corresponding ground truth establishment process for this physical device.
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    K Number
    K120589
    Date Cleared
    2012-04-24

    (56 days)

    Product Code
    Regulation Number
    888.3030
    Reference & Predicate Devices
    Why did this record match?
    Device Name :

    MILAGRO INTERFERENCE SCREWS

    AI/MLSaMDIVD (In Vitro Diagnostic)TherapeuticDiagnosticis PCCP AuthorizedThirdpartyExpeditedreview
    Intended Use

    The Milagro® BR interference screws are designed to attach soft tissues to bone in orthopedic surgical procedures. The screws may be used for interference fixation of soft tissues (such as ligaments or tendons) to bone, when the implant sizes offered are patient appropriate. The implant operates, in conjunction with the appropriate postoperative immobilization, throughout the healing period.

    Device Description

    The DePuy Mitek Milagro® Interference Screws are absorbable, tapered, cannulated, threaded fasteners for use in interference fixation of soft tissue grafts or bone-tendon grafts. The Interference Screw is made from a composite made of absorbable Poly (lactide-co-glycolide) polymer and Tricalcium Phosphate (TCP).

    AI/ML Overview

    The provided document is a 510(k) Summary for a medical device (Milagro® Interference Screws) seeking substantial equivalence to predicate devices. It focuses on demonstrating that the new device shares similar technological characteristics and performance to already legally marketed devices. As such, it does not involve the typical assessment of a new diagnostic algorithm or AI system, which would require the specific details outlined in your request.

    Therefore, many of the requested items (e.g., sample sizes for test/training sets, expert qualifications, MRMC studies, standalone performance of an algorithm, ground truth methods for AI training) are not applicable to this type of submission.

    However, I can extract the relevant information regarding the device's acceptance criteria and the studies performed to demonstrate its performance relative to its predicates.

    Here's a breakdown of the available information:

    1. Table of Acceptance Criteria and Reported Device Performance

    The submission doesn't explicitly state "acceptance criteria" in the same way a diagnostic algorithm's F1 score or AUC would be presented. Instead, its acceptance is based on demonstrating "substantial equivalence" through nonclinical testing. The "acceptance criteria" can be inferred as meeting the performance levels demonstrated by the predicate devices or demonstrating acceptable mechanical performance for the intended use.

    Acceptance Criteria (Inferred from "Substantial Equivalence")Reported Device Performance
    Comparable Insertion Torque to predicate devices.Performed. Results "demonstrated that the proposed device is substantially equivalent to the predicate devices." (Specific torque values are not disclosed in this summary but would have been part of the full 510(k) submission).
    Comparable Anchor Pullout (at T=0, 3, 6, and 12 weeks in-vitro physiological aging) to predicate devices.Performed. Results "demonstrated that the proposed device is substantially equivalent to the predicate devices." (Specific pullout resistance values over time are not disclosed but would have been part of the full 510(k) submission).
    Comparable Torque to Failure to predicate devices.Performed. Results "demonstrated that the proposed device is substantially equivalent to the predicate devices." (Specific torque to failure values are not disclosed but would have been part of the full 510(k) submission).
    Similar Technological Characteristics (design construct, packaging, indications, material)."Technological characteristics including design construct, packaging and indications are similar to the predicate devices and use similar or identical material and packaging as the predicates." The new devices are absorbable, tapered, cannulated, threaded fasteners made from Poly (lactide-co-glycolide) polymer and Tricalcium Phosphate (TCP).
    Safe and Effective for Indications for Use."Results of performance and safety testing have demonstrated that the proposed device is substantially equivalent to the predicate devices." The device is designed to attach soft tissues (ligaments or tendons) to bone in orthopedic surgical procedures through interference fixation.

    2. Sample Size Used for the Test Set and Data Provenance

    • Sample Size: Not specified in the provided summary. Nonclinical testing typically involves a set number of physical samples (e.g., screws) tested under laboratory conditions.
    • Data Provenance: Not applicable in terms of human patient data. The tests are "in-vitro physiological aging" and mechanical tests on the physical devices. This is not retrospective or prospective human clinical data.

    3. Number of Experts Used to Establish Ground Truth for the Test Set and Their Qualifications

    • Not Applicable. This document describes the mechanical testing of a medical device, not a diagnostic algorithm that requires expert-established ground truth.

    4. Adjudication Method for the Test Set

    • Not Applicable. No human-based adjudication is mentioned for these nonclinical, mechanical tests.

    5. If a Multi-Reader Multi-Case (MRMC) Comparative Effectiveness Study Was Done

    • No. This type of study is relevant for diagnostic imaging or interpretation systems with human readers, not for the mechanical performance of a physical interference screw.

    6. If a Standalone (Algorithm Only Without Human-in-the-Loop Performance) Was Done

    • Not Applicable. This is a physical medical device, not an algorithm.

    7. The Type of Ground Truth Used

    • Not Applicable. For mechanical tests, the "ground truth" is typically the measured physical properties based on standardized testing methods, comparing against established benchmarks or predicate device performance. It doesn't involve expert consensus, pathology, or outcomes data in the way a diagnostic study would.

    8. The Sample Size for the Training Set

    • Not Applicable. As this is a physical medical device and not an AI algorithm, there is no "training set" in the context of machine learning.

    9. How the Ground Truth for the Training Set Was Established

    • Not Applicable. Same as above.

    In summary:

    This 510(k) summary is designed to demonstrate "substantial equivalence" of a new version of an interference screw to existing, legally marketed devices. The "study" involves nonclinical, mechanical, and material characteristic tests to show that the new device performs similarly and is as safe and effective as its predicates. It does not involve human subjects, imaging interpretation, or AI algorithms, which are the contexts where most of your specific questions would apply.

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    K Number
    K103831
    Date Cleared
    2011-07-21

    (203 days)

    Product Code
    Regulation Number
    888.3030
    Reference & Predicate Devices
    Why did this record match?
    Device Name :

    DEPUY MITEK MILAGRO INTERFERENCE SCREW MODEL 231803, 231804, 231807, 231809

    AI/MLSaMDIVD (In Vitro Diagnostic)TherapeuticDiagnosticis PCCP AuthorizedThirdpartyExpeditedreview
    Intended Use

    The Small Size DePuy Mitek Milagro® Interference Screws are indicated as follows: Knee: Attachment of a bone-tendon-bone (BTB) graft to the tibia and/or femur during cruciate ligament reconstruction procedures. Knee: Attachment of a soft tissue (ST) graft to the tibia and/or femur during cruciate ligament reconstruction procedures. Knee: Medial and lateral collateral ligament repair Shoulder: Proximal bicep tenodesis Elbow: Distal bicep tenodesis

    Device Description

    The Small Size DePuy Mitek Milagro® Interference Screw is an absorbable, tapered, cannulated, threaded fastener for use in interference fixation of soft tissue grafts or bone-tendon grafts. The Interference Screw is made from a composite made of absorbable Poly (lactide-co-glycolide) polymer and Tricalcium Phosphate (TCP). The proposed Small Size DePuy Mitek Milagro® Interference Screws are offered in diameters of 5mm and 6mm and lengths of 23mm and 30mm.

    AI/ML Overview

    The provided text is a 510(k) summary for the DePuy Mitek Milagro® Interference Screws and does not contain information about studies related to software performance, AI, or diagnostic algorithm acceptance criteria. Instead, it describes a medical device, its intended use, and its substantial equivalence to previously cleared predicate devices based on non-clinical (mechanical) testing.

    Therefore, I cannot fulfill your request for:

    1. A table of acceptance criteria and reported device performance related to a diagnostic algorithm.
    2. Sample sizes for test sets, data provenance, or expert ground truth establishment.
    3. Adjudication methods.
    4. Multi-Reader Multi-Case (MRMC) comparative effectiveness studies.
    5. Standalone algorithm performance.
    6. Ground truth types for diagnostic algorithms.
    7. Training set sample sizes or ground truth establishment for training sets.

    The document explicitly states:

    "Product Design Verification activities, such as, Insertion Torque, Anchor Pullout (at T=0, 6 and 12 week in-vitro physiological aging), and Torque to Failure were performed on the implant." (Page 2)

    "Results of performance and safety testing have demonstrated that the proposed device is substantially equivalent to the predicate devices." (Page 2)

    This indicates that the "study" proving the device meets acceptance criteria was a series of non-clinical mechanical tests to demonstrate substantial equivalence to previously cleared devices, not a study evaluating a diagnostic algorithm or AI performance.

    The acceptance criteria for this device are implied to be the successful demonstration of comparable mechanical properties (Insertion Torque, Anchor Pullout, Torque to Failure) to the predicate devices, thereby ensuring comparable safety and effectiveness. The reported "device performance" is that these tests showed substantial equivalence to the predicate devices.

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    K Number
    K060830
    Date Cleared
    2006-06-15

    (80 days)

    Product Code
    Regulation Number
    888.3040
    Reference & Predicate Devices
    Why did this record match?
    Device Name :

    MILAGRO INTERFERENCE SCREW

    AI/MLSaMDIVD (In Vitro Diagnostic)TherapeuticDiagnosticis PCCP AuthorizedThirdpartyExpeditedreview
    Intended Use

    The MILAGRO Interference Screw is indicated for the fixation of soft tissue grafts or bone-tendon-bone grafts during cruciate ligament reconstruction surgeries of the knee. Additionally, the 7, 8 and 9 mm x 23 mm screws will be indicated for medial and lateral collateral ligament repair of the knee, proximal bicep tenodesis in the shoulder and distal bicep tenodesis in the elbow.

    Device Description

    The MILAGRO Interference Screw is a cannulated, threaded, tapered fastener for use in interference fixation of soft tissue grafts or bone-tendon-bone grafts. The device is made from a copolymer of absorbable Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLA PGA) compounded with beta-Tricalcium Phosphate (beta-TCP) and is available in several sizes and varied lengths.

    AI/ML Overview

    The provided text describes a 510(k) summary for the MILAGRO Interference Screw. This document is a premarket notification to the FDA to demonstrate that the device is substantially equivalent to legally marketed predicate devices. It focuses on the safety and performance of the device through non-clinical laboratory testing.

    1. Table of Acceptance Criteria and Reported Device Performance:

    The document explicitly states that "Non-clinical laboratory testing was performed demonstrating that the device is safe and can be considered substantially equivalent to the predicate devices for the proposed new intended uses." However, it does not provide a specific table of acceptance criteria or detailed reported device performance metrics (e.g., tensile strength, degradation rates, biocompatibility test results, etc.). It only mentions that the device is made from a copolymer of absorbable Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLA PGA) compounded with beta-Tricalcium Phosphate (β-TCP).

    Therefore, a table cannot be constructed from the provided text as the specific criteria and corresponding performance values are not detailed.

    2. Sample size used for the test set and the data provenance:

    The document mentions "Non-clinical laboratory testing" but does not specify the sample sizes used for these tests. There is no information regarding the data provenance (e.g., country of origin, retrospective or prospective) as it pertains to laboratory testing data, not human patient data.

    3. Number of experts used to establish the ground truth for the test set and the qualifications of those experts:

    Since the testing described is "non-clinical laboratory testing" and not related to clinical image interpretation or diagnosis, the concept of "experts establishing ground truth" in the traditional sense of medical image analysis does not apply here. The document does not mention any experts or their qualifications for establishing ground truth.

    4. Adjudication method (e.g., 2+1, 3+1, none) for the test set:

    As this is non-clinical laboratory testing and not a clinical study involving interpretation or diagnosis, an adjudication method for a "test set" is not relevant and is not mentioned in the document.

    5. If a multi-reader multi-case (MRMC) comparative effectiveness study was done:

    No, an MRMC comparative effectiveness study was not done or mentioned. The safety and performance were based on "non-clinical laboratory testing."

    6. If a standalone (i.e. algorithm only without human-in-the-loop performance) was done:

    This question is not applicable. The device is a physical interference screw, not an algorithm or AI. Therefore, a "standalone algorithm performance" study was not conducted.

    7. The type of ground truth used:

    For "non-clinical laboratory testing," the ground truth would be established by physical measurements and analytical results according to established scientific and engineering standards (e.g., material properties testing, mechanical strength testing, degradation studies, biocompatibility assays). The document does not specify the exact type of physical or chemical ground truth used beyond stating "non-clinical laboratory testing."

    8. The sample size for the training set:

    As this is non-clinical laboratory testing for a physical medical device, there is no concept of a "training set" as would be used in machine learning or AI.

    9. How the ground truth for the training set was established:

    This question is not applicable due to the reasons stated in point 8.

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