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510(k) Data Aggregation

    K Number
    K242202
    Manufacturer
    Date Cleared
    2024-08-23

    (28 days)

    Product Code
    Regulation Number
    878.4810
    Reference & Predicate Devices
    Why did this record match?
    Device Name :

    LightWalker Laser System Family

    AI/MLSaMDIVD (In Vitro Diagnostic)TherapeuticDiagnosticis PCCP AuthorizedThirdpartyExpeditedreview
    Intended Use

    Er: YAG laser (2940 nm wavelength) in dentistry:

    • · Intra-oral soft tissue surgery (incision, excision, ablation, coagulation);
    • · Leukoplakia;
    • · Pulpotomy as adjunct to root canal retreatment;
    • · Pulp extirpation:
    • Removal of fibromae;
    • · Removal of granulated tissue;
    • · Caries removal, cavity preparation, enamel roughening;
    • Sulcular debridement;
    • · Tooth preparation to obtain access to root canal debridement and cleaning, root canal preparation including enlargement;
    • · Cutting, shaving, contouring and resection of oral osseous tissue (bone);
    • · Osteotomy, osseous crown lengthening, osteoplasty;
    • · Apicectomy surgery;
    • · Removal of subgingival calculi in periodontal pockets with periodontitis by closed or open curettage;
    • · Laser removal of porcelain and ceramic crowns and veneers;
    • · Flap preparation incision of soft-tissue to prepare a flap and expose the bone;
    • · Cutting bone to prepare a window access to the apex (apices) of the root(s);
    • · Root-end preparation for retrofill amalgam or composite;
    • · Full thickness flap;
    • · Partial thickness flap;
    • · Split thickness flap;
    • · Laser removal of diseased, inflamed and necrosed soft tissue within the periodontal pocket;
    • · Removal of highly inflamed edematous tissue affected by bacteria penetration of the pocket Iming junctional epithelium:
    • · Excisional and incisional biopsies;
    • · Flap preparation incision of soft tissue to prepare a flap and expose unerupted teeth (hard and soft tissue impactions);
    • · Frenectomy and frenotomy;
    • · Gingival troughing for crown impressions;
    • · Gingivectomy;
    • · Gingivoplasty:
    • · Implant recovery;
    • · Root canal debridement and cleaning;
    • · Soft tissue crown lengthening;
    • · Laser root canal disinfection after endodontic treatment;

    Er: Y AG laser (2940 nm wavelength) in dermatology and other surgical areas:
    The LightWalker Er: YAG laser is intended for surgical incision, cutting, ablation, vaporization and coagulation of soft and hard tissue. All soft tissue is included, such as skin, cutaneous tissue, subcutaneous tissue, striated and smooth tissue, muscle, cartilage meniscus, mucous membrane, lymph vessels and nodes, organs, and glands.
    · Dermatology and Plastic Surgery Indications: epidermal nevi, actinic cheilitis, verrucae, skin tags, keratoses and soft tissue resurfacing;
    · ENT Surgery Indications: ENT lesions, cysts, polyps, hyperkeratosis, oral leukoplakia;
    · Oral/Maxillofacial Indications: Oral and glossal lesions, gingivectomy;

    • Uvulopalatoplasty by laser resurfacing
      · General Surgery Indications: Surgical incision, vaporization and coagulation of soft tissue during any general surgery application where skin incision, tissue dissection, excision of lesions, complete or partial resection of internal organs, lesions, tissue ablation and vessel coagulation;
    • · Podiatry Indications: Warts, plantar verrucae, large mosaic verrucae, matrixectomy;
    • · Ophtalmology Indications: Soft tissue surrounding the eye;
      · Gynecology Indications: Herpes simplex, endometrial adhesion, CIN (Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia), cysts, condiloma;
      · Genitourinary Indications: Lesions of the external genitalia, urethra and anus, penis, scrotum and urethra, vulvar lesions, polyps and familial polyps of the colon;
    • · Dermatological procedures requiring resurfacing of soft tissue with Fotona FS-01 fractionated handpiece.
      Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm wavelength) in dentistry:
    • · Excisional and incisional biopsies;
    • · Excision and vaporization of herpes simplex I and II;
    • · Exposure of unerupted teeth;
    • · Fibroma removal;
    • Frenectomy and frenotomy;
    • · Gingival troughing for crown impressions;
    • · Gingivectomy;
    • · Gingivoplasty;
    • · Gingival incision and excision;
    • · Hemostasis;
    • Implant recovery;
    • · Incision and drainage of abscess;
    • · Laser assisted uvulopaletoplasty (LAUP);
    • · Operculectomy;
    • · Oral papillectomies;
    • · Pulpotomy and pulpotomy as an adjunct to root canal therapy;
    • · Reduction of denture hyperplasia;
    • · Reduction of gingival hypertrophy;
    • · Removal of filling material such as gutta percha or resin as adjunct treatment during root canal therapy;
    • · Removal of post-surgical granulations;
    • · Soft tissue crown lengthening;
      · Sulcular debridement or soft tissue curettage (removal of diseased or inflamed soft tissue in the periodontal pocket to improve clinical indices including gingival index, gingival bleeding index, probe depth, attachment loss, and toothmobility);
    • · Tissue retraction for impression;
    • Treatment of aphtous ulcers;
    • · Vestibuloplasty;
      · Laser assisted new attachment procedure (cementum-mediated periodontal ligament no the root surface in the absence of long junctional epithelium);
      · Periodontal regeneration - true regeneration of the attachment apparatus (new cementum, new periodontal ligament, and new alveolar bone) on a previously diseased root surface.

    Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm wavelength) in dermatology and other surgical areas:
    · Removal of unwanted hair, for stable long term or permanent hair reduction and for treatment of PFB. The laser is indicated for all skin types, Fitzpatrick I-VI, including tanned skin*;
    · Photocoagulation and hemostasis of pigmented and vascular lesions, such as, but not limited to, port wine stains, hemangiomae, warts, telangiectasiae, rosacea, venus lake, leg veins and spider veins;
    · Treatment of wrinkles;
    · Treatment of mild to moderate inflammatory acne vulgaris;
    · General surgery indications: surgical incision, vaporization and coagulation of soft tissue. All soft tissue is included, striated and smooth tissue, muscle, cartillage, meniscus, mucous membrane, lymph vessels and nodes, organs and glands, fibroma removal;
    · Podiatry (ablation, vaporization, excision, and coagulation of soft tissue) including: Matrixectomy, Periungual and subungual warts, Plantar warts, Radical nail excision, Neuromas;
    · Temporary increase of clear nail in patients with onychomycosis (e.g. dermatophytes Trichophyton rubrum and T mentagrophytes and/or yeasts Candida albicans, etc.);
    · Endo Venous Laser Therapy of superficial incompetent tributary veins associated with varicosities.

    Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm wavelength) therapy:
    · Temporary relief of muscle and joint pain and stiffness, arthritis pain or muscle spasm, temporary increase in local blood circulation and/or promoting relaxation of muscle.

    Device Description

    The Fotona LightWalker Laser System Family is based on Er:YAG (2940 nm) and Nd:YAG (1064 nm) laser technology. It combines two flashlamp-pumped laser sources in one housing, with optical cavities containing the Er:YAG and Nd:YAG crystals. A diode aiming beam is combined with both therapeutic laser beams. The combined therapeutic and aiming beams are guided through an articulated arm to an optical handpiece (in the case of the Er:YAG laser), or, in the case of the Nd:YAG laser, through an optical fiber delivery system to an optical handpiece or to the bare fiber distal end.

    AI/ML Overview

    The provided text is a 510(k) Premarket Notification from the FDA for the Fotona LightWalker Laser System Family. This document focuses on demonstrating substantial equivalence to a predicate device, rather than proving that a device meets specific acceptance criteria through a clinical study with detailed performance metrics.

    Therefore, the requested information regarding acceptance criteria, device performance, sample sizes, ground truth establishment, expert qualifications, and comparative effectiveness studies is not explicitly available in this type of regulatory submission.

    Here's why and what information is provided:

    1. A table of acceptance criteria and the reported device performance:

    • Not provided. The document does not specify quantitative acceptance criteria or detailed device performance metrics in a table. It primarily states that "performance testing was conducted on the subject device, and it was established that the newly introduced features do not raise different questions of safety or effectiveness."

    2. Sample size used for the test set and the data provenance (e.g., country of origin of the data, retrospective or prospective):

    • Not provided. The document states "Clinical testing was not considered to be needed for this pre-market notification." Therefore, there is no information on sample sizes or data provenance for a clinical test set. The submission relies on non-clinical performance testing.

    3. Number of experts used to establish the ground truth for the test set and the qualifications of those experts (e.g., radiologist with 10 years of experience):

    • Not applicable/Not provided. Since no clinical testing was deemed necessary, there was no test set requiring expert-established ground truth.

    4. Adjudication method (e.g., 2+1, 3+1, none) for the test set:

    • Not applicable/Not provided. As no clinical test set was used, no adjudication method is mentioned.

    5. If a multi-reader multi-case (MRMC) comparative effectiveness study was done, If so, what was the effect size of how much human readers improve with AI vs without AI assistance:

    • Not applicable/Not provided. This device is a laser system, not an AI-powered diagnostic tool, so MRMC studies comparing human reader performance with and without AI assistance are not relevant to this submission.

    6. If a standalone (i.e., algorithm only without human-in-the-loop performance) was done:

    • Not applicable/Not provided. This is a physical laser device, not a standalone algorithm. Performance testing was likely focused on the physical characteristics of the laser system (e.g., wavelength, power, pulse energy, safety standards adherence).

    7. The type of ground truth used (expert consensus, pathology, outcomes data, etc.):

    • Not applicable/Not provided. For the non-clinical performance testing the device underwent, the "ground truth" would be established by engineering specifications and standard test methods (e.g., measurement of laser output parameters) rather than clinical ground truth methods like pathology or expert consensus.

    8. The sample size for the training set:

    • Not applicable/Not provided. Since "Clinical testing was not considered to be needed" and the device is not an AI/machine learning product requiring a training set, this information is not relevant or available.

    9. How the ground truth for the training set was established:

    • Not applicable/Not provided. As there is no training set for this type of device, ground truth establishment for a training set is not applicable.

    Summary of what is provided regarding testing and equivalence:

    The submission focuses on demonstrating substantial equivalence to a predicate device (K202985 LightWalker Laser System Family) based on:

    • Non-clinical Performance Testing: The device underwent performance testing to ensure that its newly introduced features (primarily a change in operating system from Windows to Linux and a larger user interface screen) do not raise new questions of safety or effectiveness.
    • Adherence to Standards: The device successfully completed tests based on various IEC and ISO standards related to medical electrical equipment, laser safety, usability, risk management, and software lifecycle processes.
      • Performance Standards Listed:
        • IEC 60601-1:2005 + A1:2012 + A2:2020 (General requirements for basic safety and essential performance)
        • IEC 60601-1-2:2014 + A1:2020 (Electromagnetic disturbances)
        • IEC TR 60601-4-2:2016 (Electromagnetic immunity)
        • IEC 60601-2-22:2019 (Particular requirements for surgical, cosmetic, therapeutic and diagnostic laser equipment)
        • IEC 60601-1-6:2010 + A1:2013 + A2:2020 (Usability)
        • IEC 60601-1-9:2007 + A1:2013 (Environmentally conscious design)
        • IEC 60825-1:2014 (Safety of laser products)
        • IEC 62366:2007 + A1:2014 / IEC 62366-1:2015 (Usability engineering)
        • IEC 62304:2006 + A1:2015 (Medical device software life-cycle processes)
        • ISO 14971:2019 (Risk management)
        • ISO 17664-1:2021 & ISO 17664-2:2021 (Processing of health care products)
        • ISO 10993-1:2018 (Biological evaluation of medical devices)
      • Guidance Documents Applied:
        • FDA Guidance (2023), "Content of Premarket Submissions for Device Software Functions" (Software Verification and Validation Testing)
        • FDA Guidance (2023), "Cybersecurity in Medical Devices: Quality System Considerations and Content of Premarket Submissions" (Cybersecurity testing)
    • Technological Characteristics Comparison: The document provides a table comparing the technological characteristics of the subject device (K242202) and the predicate device (K202985), showing identical laser output parameters (wavelength, laser media, output mode, pulse energy, pulsewidth, repetition rate, power, beam delivery). The only differences noted are the Operating System (Linux vs. Windows) and the User Interface Screen Size (10.1" vs. 8.4").

    The core of this submission is that performance testing against these engineering standards, combined with the identical intended use and very similar technological characteristics relative to the predicate, establishes that the device is substantially equivalent and thus does not require clinical studies.

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    K Number
    K202985
    Manufacturer
    Date Cleared
    2021-03-19

    (170 days)

    Product Code
    Regulation Number
    878.4810
    Reference & Predicate Devices
    Why did this record match?
    Device Name :

    LightWalker Laser System Family

    AI/MLSaMDIVD (In Vitro Diagnostic)TherapeuticDiagnosticis PCCP AuthorizedThirdpartyExpeditedreview
    Intended Use

    Er: Y A G laser (2940 nm wavelength) in dentistry:

    • · Intra-oral soft tissue surgery (incision, excision, ablation, coagulation);
    • · Leukoplakia;
    • · Pulpotomy as adjunct to root canal retreatment;
    • · Pulp extirpation;
    • Removal of fibromae:
    • · Removal of granulated tissue;
    • · Caries removal, cavity preparation, enamel roughening;
    • · Sulcular debridement:
    • · Tooth preparation to obtain access to root canal debridement and cleaning, root canal preparation including enlargement:
    • · Cutting, shaving, contouring and resection of oral osseous tissue (bone);
    • · Osteotomy, osseous crown lengthening, osteoplasty;
    • · Apicectomy surgery:
    • · Removal of subgingival calculi in periodontal pockets with periodontitis by closed or open curettage;
    • · Laser removal of porcelain and ceramic crowns and veneers;
    • · Flap preparation incision of soft-tissue to prepare a flap and expose the bone;
    • · Cutting bone to prepare a window access to the apex (apices) of the root(s);
    • · Root-end preparation for retrofill amalgam or composite;
    • · Full thickness flap;
    • · Partial thickness flap:
    • · Split thickness flap;
    • · Laser removal of diseased, inflamed and necrosed soft tissue within the periodontal pocket;
    • · Removal of highly inflamed edematous tissue affected by bacteria penetration of the pocket lining junctional epithelium; · Excisional and incisional biopsies;
    • · Flap preparation incision of soft tissue to prepare a flap and expose unerupted teeth (hard and soft tissue impactions);
    • · Frenectomy and frenotomy;
    • · Gingival troughing for crown impressions;
    • · Gingivectomy:
    • · Gingivoplasty;
    • Implant recovery:
    • · Root canal debridement and cleaning;
    • · Soft tissue crown lengthening;
    • · Laser root canal disinfection after endodontic treatment;

    Er:Y AG laser (2940 nm wavelength) in dermatology and other surgical areas:
    The LightWalker Er: YAG laser is intended for surgical incision/excision, vaporization and coagulation of soft and hard tissue. All soft tissue is included, such as skin, cutaneous tissue, subcutaneous tissue, striated and smooth tissue, muscle, cartilage meniscus, mucous membrane, lymph vessels and nodes, organs, and glands.
    · Dermatology and Plastic Surgery Indications: epidermal nevi, actinic cheilitis, verrucae, skin tags, keratoses and soft tissue resurfacing:
    · ENT Surgery Indications: ENT lesions, cysts, polyps, hyperkeratosis, oral leukoplakia;

    • · Oral/Maxillofacial Indications: Oral and glossal lesions, gingivectomy;
      · Uvulopalatoplasty by laser resurfacing
      · General Surgery Indications: Surgical incision, vaporization and coagulation of soft tissue during any general surgery application where skin incision, tissue dissection, excision of lesions, complete or partial resection of internal organs, lesions, tissue ablation and vessel coagulation;
    • · Podiatry Indications: Warts, plantar verrucae, large mosaic verrucae, matrixectomy;
    • · Ophtalmology Indications: Soft tissue surrounding the eye;
      · Gynecology Indications: Herpes simplex, endometrial adhesion, CIN (Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia), cysts, condiloma:
      · Genitourinary Indications: Lesions of the external genitalia, urethra and anus, penis, scrotum and urethra, valvar lesions, polyps and familial polyps of the colon;
      · Dermatological procedures requiring resurfacing of soft tissue with Fotona FS-01 fractionated handpiece.

    Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm wavelength) in dentistry:

    • · Excisional and incisional biopsies;
    • · Excision and vaporization of herpes simplex I and II;
    • · Exposure of unerupted teeth;
    • Fibroma removal;
    • Frenectomy and frenotomy;
    • · Gingival troughing for crown impressions;
    • · Gingivectomy;
    • · Gingivoplasty;
    • · Gingival incision and excision;
    • Hemostasis;
    • Implant recovery:
    • · Incision and drainage of abscess;
    • · Laser assisted uvulopaletoplasty (LAUP);
    • · Operculectomy:
    • Oral papillectomies;
    • · Pulpotomy and pulpotomy as an adjunct to root canal therapy;
    • · Reduction of denture hyperplasia;
    • · Reduction of gingival hypertrophy;
    • Removal of filling material such as gutta percha or resin as adjunct treatment during root canal therapy;
    • Removal of post-surgical granulations;
    • · Soft tissue crown lengthening:
      · Sulcular debridement or soft tissue curettage (removal of diseased or inflamed soft tissue in the periodontal pocket to improve clinical indices including gingival index, gingival bleeding index, probe depth, attachment loss, and toothmobility):
    • · Tissue retraction for impression;
    • Treatment of aphtous ulcers:
    • · Vestibuloplasty;
      · Laser assisted new attachment procedure (cementum-mediated periodontal ligament new-attachment to the root surface in the absence of long junctional epithelium);
      · Periodontal regeneration of the attachment apparatus (new cementum, new periodontal ligament, and new alveolar bone) on a previously diseased root surface.

    Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm wavelength) in dermatology and other surgical areas:
    · Removal of unwanted hair, for stable long term or permanent hair reduction and for treatment of PFB. The laser is indicated for all skin types, Fitzpatrick I-VI. including tanned skin *;
    · Photocoagulation and hemostasis of pigmented and vascular lesions, such as, but not limited to, port wine stains, hemangiomae, warts, telangiectasiae, rosacea, venus lake, leg veins and spider veins;

    • Treatment of wrinkles:
    • · Treatment of mild to moderate inflammatory acne vulgaris;
    • · General surgery indications: surgical incision, vaporization and coagulation of soft tissue. All soft tissue is
      included, striated and smooth tissue, muscle, cartillage, meniscus, mucous membrane, lymph vessels and nodes, organs and glands, fibroma removal;
      · Podiatry (ablation, vaporization, incision, and coagulation of soft tissue) including. Matrixectomy, Periungual and subungual warts. Plantar warts, Radical nail excision, Neuromas;
      · Temporary increase of clear nail in patients with onychomycosis (e.g. dermatophytes Trichophyton rubrum and T mentagrophytes and/or yeasts Candida albicans, etc.);
      · Endo Venous Laser Therapy of superficial incompetent tributary veins associated with varicosities.

    Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm wavelength) therapy:
    · Temporary relief of muscle and joint pain and stiffness, arthritis pain or muscle spasm, temporary increase in local blood circulation and/or promoting relaxation of muscle.
    *Note: Permanent hair reduction is defined as the long-term, stable redction in the number of hairs regrowing when measured at 6, 9, and 12 months after the completion of a treatment regime.

    Device Description

    The Fotona LightWalker Laser System Family is based on Er:YAG (2940 nm) and Nd:YAG (1064 nm) laser technology. It combines two flashlamp-pumped laser sources in one housing, with optical cavities containing the Er:YAG and Nd:YAG crystals. A diode aiming beam is combined with both therapeutic laser beams. The combined therapeutic and aiming beams are guided through an articulated arm to an optical handpiece (in the case of the Er: YAG laser), or, in the case of the Nd:YAG laser, through an optical fiber delivery system to an optical handpiece or to the bare fiber distal end. The Er:YAG laser is intended to be used for incision/excision, cutting, ablation, vaporization and coagulation of soft and hard tissue in dentistry, dermatology and other surgical areas. The Nd:YAG laser is intended to be used for various intra oral treatments in dentistry, and for various surgical and aesthetic applications in dermatology and other surgical areas.

    AI/ML Overview

    The provided text describes a 510(k) premarket notification for the Fotona LightWalker Laser System Family, which is a medical laser system. The document focuses on establishing substantial equivalence to predicate devices and does not detail specific acceptance criteria or a study that evaluates the device's performance against such criteria in the context of clinical outcomes or diagnostic accuracy. Instead, the "acceptance criteria" discussed are related to regulatory compliance and safety standards, and the "study" is a non-clinical summary of verification and validation tests.

    Therefore, the requested information elements related to device performance (e.g., accuracy, sensitivity, specificity), ground truth, sample sizes for test and training sets, expert qualifications, adjudication methods, and MRMC studies are not applicable to this document as it does not present a clinical performance study of this nature.

    Here's the information that can be extracted based on the provided text, primarily focusing on the regulatory and technical aspects:

    1. Table of Acceptance Criteria and Reported Device Performance

    As this document does not present a clinical performance study with acceptance criteria for metric-based performance (e.g., sensitivity, specificity, accuracy), the "acceptance criteria" here refer to compliance with safety and performance standards. The "reported device performance" refers to the device meeting these standards.

    Acceptance Criteria (Compliance with Standards)Reported Device Performance (Compliance Statement)
    EN 60601-1:2006 + A1:2013 (Medical Electrical Equipment - General requirements for basic safety and essential performance)Device designed, tested, and will be manufactured in accordance with this standard.
    EN 60601-1-2:2015 (Medical Electrical Equipment - Electromagnetic disturbances)Device designed, tested, and will be manufactured in accordance with this standard.
    EN 60601-2-22:2013 (Medical Electrical Equipment - Particular requirements for basic safety and essential performance of surgical, cosmetic and diagnostic laser equipment)Device designed, tested, and will be manufactured in accordance with this standard (company followed current state of the art assuming newer standards assure a higher level of safety).
    EN 60601-1-6:2010 + A1:2015 (Medical Electrical Equipment - Usability)Device designed, tested, and will be manufactured in accordance with this standard.
    EN 62366:2008 + A1:2015 (Medical devices - Application of usability engineering)Device designed, tested, and will be manufactured in accordance with this standard.
    EN 60825-1:2014 (Safety of laser products - Equipment classification and requirements)Device designed, tested, and will be manufactured in accordance with this standard.
    EN ISO 14971:2012 (Medical devices - Application of risk management)Device designed, tested, and will be manufactured in accordance with this standard.
    EN 62304:2006 + A1:2015 (Medical device software - Software life-cycle processes)Device designed, tested, and will be manufactured in accordance with this standard.
    EN ISO 17664:2017 (Processing of health care products - Information to be provided by the medical device manufacturer for the processing of medical devices)Device designed, tested, and will be manufactured in accordance with this standard.
    EN ISO 10993-1:2009 (Biological evaluation of medical devices - Evaluation and testing within a risk management process)Device designed, tested, and will be manufactured in accordance with this standard.
    Other international/CB Scheme/ISO standards (IEC 60601 series, IEC 60825-1, IEC 62366, IEC 62304, ISO 14971, ISO 17664, ISO 10993-1)Device designed, tested, and will be manufactured in accordance with these standards.
    Substantial Equivalence to Predicate DevicesThe device's indications for use and technological characteristics do not raise new types of questions regarding safety and efficacy when compared to the predicates.

    2. Sample size used for the test set and the data provenance:

    • Not Applicable. The document describes a substantial equivalence submission based on non-clinical testing and comparison to predicate devices, not a clinical study with a "test set" of patient data.

    3. Number of experts used to establish the ground truth for the test set and the qualifications of those experts:

    • Not Applicable. No experts were used to establish ground truth for a clinical test set as no such study is described.

    4. Adjudication method for the test set:

    • Not Applicable. No test set or related adjudication process is described.

    5. If a multi-reader multi-case (MRMC) comparative effectiveness study was done, If so, what was the effect size of how much human readers improve with AI vs without AI assistance:

    • Not Applicable. No MRMC study or AI component is mentioned. This is a laser device cleared for surgical procedures.

    6. If a standalone (i.e. algorithm only without human-in-the-loop performance) was done:

    • Not Applicable. This device is a laser system, not an algorithm. Its operation inherently involves a human operator and it does not have "standalone" performance in the context of an algorithm.

    7. The type of ground truth used:

    • Not Applicable. The "ground truth" for this regulatory submission is compliance with established safety and performance standards for medical devices and establishing substantial equivalence based on technical characteristics and intended use. No clinical ground truth (e.g., pathology, outcomes data) is presented in this document.

    8. The sample size for the training set:

    • Not Applicable. This document does not describe a machine learning algorithm or a training set.

    9. How the ground truth for the training set was established:

    • Not Applicable. This document does not describe a machine learning algorithm or a training set.
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    Ask a specific question about this device

    K Number
    K193661
    Manufacturer
    Date Cleared
    2020-03-25

    (86 days)

    Product Code
    Regulation Number
    878.4810
    Reference & Predicate Devices
    Why did this record match?
    Device Name :

    LightWalker Laser System Family

    AI/MLSaMDIVD (In Vitro Diagnostic)TherapeuticDiagnosticis PCCP AuthorizedThirdpartyExpeditedreview
    Intended Use

    Er: YAG laser (2940 nm wavelength) in dentistry:

    • · Intra-oral soft tissue surgery (incision, excision, ablation, coagulation)
    • · Leukoplakia
    • · Pulpotomy as adjunct to root canal retreatment
    • · Pulp extirpation
    • · Removal of fibromae
    • · Removal of granulated tissue
    • · Caries removal, cavity preparation, enamel roughening
    • · Sulcular debridement
    • · Tooth preparation to obtain access to root canal debridement and cleaning, root canal preparation including enlargement
    • · Cutting, shaving, contouring and resection of oral osseous tissue (bone)
    • · Osteotomy, osseous crown lengthening, osteoplasty
    • · Apicectomy surgery
    • · Removal of subgingival calculi in periodontal pockets with periodontitis by closed or open curetage
    • · Laser removal of porcelain and ceramic crowns and veneers
    • · Flap preparation incision of soft-tissue to prepare a flap and expose the bone
    • · Cutting bone to prepare a window access to the apex (apices) of the root(s)
    • · Root-end preparation for retrofill amalgam or composite
    • · Full thickness flap
    • · Partial thickness flap
    • · Split thickness flap
    • · Laser removal of diseased, inflamed and necrosed soft tissue within the periodontal pocket
    • · Removal of highly inflamed edematous tissue affected by bacteria penetration of the pocket lining junctional epithelium
    • · Excisional and incisional biopsies
    • · Flap preparation incision of soft tissue to prepare a flap and expose unerupted teeth (hard and soft tissue impactions)
    • Frenectomy and frenotomy
    • · Gingival troughing for crown impressions
    • · Gingivectomy
    • · Gingivoplasty
    • · Implant recovery
    • · Root canal debridement and cleaning
    • · Soft tissue crown lengthening
    • · Laser root canal disinfection after endodontic treatment

    Er: Y AG laser (2940 nm wavelength) in dermatology and other surgical areas:
    · Dermatology and Plastic Surgery Indications: Epidermal nevi, actinic cheilitis, verrucae, skin tags, keratoses and skin resurfacing

    • · ENT Surgery Indications: ENT lesions, cysts, polyps, hyperkeratosis, oral leukoplakia
    • · Oral/Maxillofacial Indications: Oral and glossal lesions, gingivectomy
      · General Surgery Indications: Surgical incision, vaporization and coagulation of soft tissue during any general surgery application where skin incision, tissue dissection, excision of lesions, complete or partial resection of internal organs, lesions, tissue ablation and vessel coagulation
    • · Podiatry Indications: Warts, plantar verrucae, large mosaic verrucae, matrixectomy
    • · Ophtalmology Indications: Soft tissue surrounding the eye
    • · Gynecology Indications: Herpes simplex, endometrial adhesion, CIN (Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia), cysts, condiloma
    • · Genitourinary Indications: Lesions of the external genitalia, urethra and anus, penis,
      scrotum and urethra, vulvar lesions, polyps and familial polyps of the colon

    Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm wavelength) in dentistry:

    • · Excisional and incisional biopsies
    • · Excision and vaporization of herpes simplex I and II
    • · Exposure of unerupted teeth
    • Fibroma removal
    • · Frenectomy and frenotomy
    • · Gingival troughing for crown impressions
    • · Gingivectomy
    • · Gingivoplasty
    • Gingival incision and excision
    • · Hemostasis
    • · Implant recovery
    • Incision and drainage of abscess
    • · Laser assisted uvulopaletoplasty (LAUP)
    • · Operculectomy
    • · Oral papillectomies
    • · Pulpotomy and pulpotomy as an adjunct to root canal therapy
    • · Reduction of denture hyperplasia
    • Reduction of gingival hypertrophy
    • · Removal of filling material such as gutta percha or resin as adjunct treatment during root canal therapy
    • · Removal of post-surgical granulations
    • · Soft tissue crown lengthening
      · Sulcular debridement or soft tissue curettage (removal of diseased or inflamed soft tissue in the periodontal pocket to improve clinical indices including gingival index, gingival bleeding index, probe depth, attachment loss, and tooth mobility)
    • · Tissue retraction for impression
    • · Treatment of aphtous ulcers
    • · Vestibuloplasty
      · Laser assisted new attachment procedure (cementum-mediated periodontal ligament new-attachment to the root surface in the absence of long junctional epithelium)
      · Periodontal regeneration of the attachment apparatus (new cementum, new periodontal ligament, and new alveolar bone) on a previously diseased root surface

    Nd: YAG laser (1064 nm wavelength) in dermatology and other surgical areas:
    · Removal of unwanted hair, for stable long term or permanent hair reduction and for treatment of PFB. The laser is indicated for all skin types, Fitzpatrick I-VI, including tanned skin*
    · Photocoagulation and hemostasis of pigmented and vascular lesions, such as, but not limited to, port wine stains, hemangiomae, warts, telangiectasiae, rosacea, venus lake, leg veins and spider veins
    • Treatment of wrinkles
    · Treatment of mild to moderate inflammatory acne vulgaris
    · General surgery indications: surgical incision, vaporization and coagulation of soft tissue. All soft tissue is included, striated and smooth tissue, muscle, cartillage, meniscus, lymph vessels and nodes, organs and glands, fibroma removal.
    · Podiatry (ablation, vaporization, incision, and coagulation of soft tissue) including: Matrixectomy, Periungual and subungual warts, Plantar warts, Radical nail excision, Neuromas.
    · Temporary increase of clear nail in patients with onychomycosis (e.g. dermatophytes Trichophyton rubrum and T mentagrophytes and/or yeasts Candida albicans, etc.)

    Nd: YAG laser (1064 nm wavelength) therapy:
    · Temporary relief of muscle and joint pain and stiffness, arthritis pain or muscle spasm, temporary increase in local blood circulation and/or promoting relaxation of muscle.
    *Note: Permanent hair reduction is defined as the long-term, stable redction in the number of hairs regrowing when measured at 6, 9, and 12 months after the completion of a treatment regime.

    Device Description

    The device is Fotona LightWalker laser system family (same as K191554). It is based on Er:YAG (2940 nm) and Nd:YAG (1064 nm) laser technology. It combines two flashlamppumped laser sources in one housing, with optical cavities containing the Er.YAG and Nd:YAG crystals. A diode aiming beam is combined with both therapeutic laser beams. The combined therapeutic and aiming beams are guided through an articulated arm to an optical handpiece (in the case of the Er: YAG laser), or, in the case of the Nd: YAG laser, through an optical fiber delivery system to an optical handpiece or to the bare fiber distal end.

    The Er:YAG laser is capable of delivering up to 1.5 J of laser energy in pulses with durations of 50 - 1000 us and frequencies (repetition rates) of up to 50 Hz. The maximum average output power is 20 W. The laser is intended to be used for incision, cutting, ablation, vaporization and coagulation of soft and hard tissue in dentistry, dermatology and other surgical areas.

    The Nd: YAG laser is capable of delivering up to 10 J of energy with pulse durations from 0.1-25 ms, and frequencies of up to 100 Hz. For dental indications it is capable of delivering laser pulses with durations of up to 650 us, frequencies (repetition rates) of up to 100 Hz and a maximum output power of 15 W. The laser is intended to be used for various intra oral treatments in dentistry, and for various surgical and aesthetic applications in dermatology and other surgical areas.

    AI/ML Overview

    The provided text is a 510(k) Summary for the Fotona LightWalker Laser System Family. This document is related to a medical device (a laser system), not an AI/ML-based device, and therefore the acceptance criteria and study details that would typically apply to an AI/ML device (such as those involving performance metrics like sensitivity, specificity, AUC, and the rigorous ground truth establishment, reader studies, etc., that are characteristic of AI/ML device submissions) are not present in this document.

    The document primarily focuses on demonstrating substantial equivalence to predicate devices by comparing technical specifications and showing compliance with relevant safety and performance standards for laser systems.

    Here's why the document does not contain the information requested and what information it does provide:

    1. A table of acceptance criteria and the reported device performance: This sort of table, specifically with quantitative performance metrics (e.g., sensitivity, specificity, accuracy) against pre-defined acceptance thresholds, is characteristic of AI/ML device submissions. For this laser device, the "acceptance criteria" are compliance with established medical device standards (e.g., IEC 60601 series, ISO 14971) and demonstration of equivalent technical specifications to predicate devices. The "reported device performance" is essentially that it meets these standards and functions as intended, and its technical specifications are comparable to cleared devices.

    2. Sample sized used for the test set and the data provenance: Not applicable. There is no "test set" in the sense of a dataset for evaluating an AI model. The testing refers to engineering and compliance testing (e.g., electrical safety, EMC, laser safety standards), not performance evaluation on a patient dataset. The document explicitly states: "Clinical testing: No clinical testing was needed."

    3. Number of experts used to establish the ground truth for the test set and the qualifications of those experts: Not applicable. "Ground truth" in the context of AI/ML refers to validated labels for a dataset, typically established by expert readers or pathology. For a laser device, there's no such "ground truth" to establish for a test set.

    4. Adjudication method (e.g. 2+1, 3+1, none) for the test set: Not applicable, as there is no test set or human interpretation involved in the performance evaluation described.

    5. If a multi reader multi case (MRMC) comparative effectiveness study was done, If so, what was the effect size of how much human readers improve with AI vs without AI assistance: Not applicable. This is a study design specific to evaluating the clinical impact of AI assistance on human readers. The device is a laser system, not an AI software.

    6. If a standalone (i.e. algorithm only without human-in-the-loop performance) was done: Not applicable. There is no algorithm to evaluate in a standalone manner.

    7. The type of ground truth used (expert consensus, pathology, outcomes data, etc.): Not applicable, as explained above.

    8. The sample size for the training set: Not applicable. There is no AI model that requires a training set.

    9. How the ground truth for the training set was established: Not applicable.

    What the document does provide regarding "acceptance criteria" and "study":

    Acceptance Criteria (Implicit through comparison and standards compliance):

    • Identical or similar technological and design characteristics to legally marketed predicate devices (Fotona LightWalker Laser System Family (K191554), Biolase WaterLase Laser System Family (K190319), Fotona Dynamis Pro Laser System Family (K182088)).
    • Similar output characteristics to predicate devices for the proposed intended use.
    • Compliance with applicable mandatory and voluntary standards, including:
      • EN 60601-1 (Medical electrical equipment – General requirements for basic safety and essential performance)
      • EN 60601-1-2 (Electromagnetic compatibility)
      • EN 60601-2-22 (Particular requirements for surgical, cosmetic, therapeutic and diagnostic laser equipment)
      • EN 60601-1-6 (Usability)
      • EN 62366 (Usability engineering)
      • EN 60825-1 (Safety of laser products)
      • EN ISO 14971 (Risk management)
      • EN 62304 (Medical device software)
      • EN ISO 17664 (Sterilization information)
      • EN ISO 10993-1 (Biological evaluation)
      • Corresponding IEC standards (e.g., IEC 60601-1, IEC 60601-1-2, IEC 60601-2-22, IEC 60825-1, IEC 62304, IEC 62366).

    Device Performance (as reported within the context of the 510(k) submission):

    The device performance is demonstrated by its technical specifications being comparable to predicate devices and by its compliance with relevant safety and performance standards.

    Table: Comparison of Technical Specifications (from the document)

    CharacteristicLightWalker Laser System Family (K191554)WaterLase Laser System Family (K190319)Dynamis Pro Laser System Family (K182088)LightWalker Laser System Family (this submission)
    Energy sourceSolid state Er:YAGSolid state Er,Cr:YSGGSolid state Er:YAGSolid state Er:YAG
    Wavelength2940 nm2780 nm2940 nm2940 nm
    Aiming beamLaser diode 635nm/650nm (red) or 520-532nm (green);
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    K Number
    K191554
    Manufacturer
    Date Cleared
    2019-08-30

    (79 days)

    Product Code
    Regulation Number
    878.4810
    Reference & Predicate Devices
    Why did this record match?
    Device Name :

    LightWalker Laser System Family

    AI/MLSaMDIVD (In Vitro Diagnostic)TherapeuticDiagnosticis PCCP AuthorizedThirdpartyExpeditedreview
    Intended Use

    Er: Y A G laser (2940 nm wavelength) in dentistry:

    • · Intra-oral soft tissue surgery (incision, excision, ablation, coagulation)
    • · Leukoplakia
    • · Pulpotomy as adjunct to root canal retreatment
    • Pulp extirpation
    • · Removal of fibromae
    • · Removal of granulated tissue
    • · Caries removal, cavity preparation, enamel roughening
    • · Sulcular debridement
    • · Tooth preparation to obtain access to root canal debridement and cleaning, root canal preparation including enlargement
    • · Cutting, shaving, contouring and resection of oral osseous tissue (bone)
    • · Osteotomy, osseous crown lengthening, osteoplasty
    • · Apicectomy surgery
    • · Removal of subgingival calculi in periodontal pockets with periodontitis by closed or open curetage

    Er: Y AG laser (2940 nm wavelength) in dermatology and other surgical areas:
    · Dermatology and Plastic Surgery Indications: Epidermal nevi, actinic cheilitis, verrucae, skin tags, keratoses and skin resurfacing

    • ENT Surgery Indications: ENT lesions, cysts, polyps, hyperkeratosis, oral leukoplakia
    • · Oral/Maxillofacial Indications: Oral and glossal lesions, gingivectomy
    • · General Surgery Indications: Surgical incision, vaporization and coagulation of soft tissue during any general surgery application where skin incision, tissue dissection, excision of lesions, complete or partial resection of internal organs, lesions, tissue ablation and vessel coagulation
    • · Podiatry Indications: Warts, plantar verrucae, large mosaic verrucae, matrixectomy
    • · Ophtalmology Indications: Soft tissue surrounding the eye
      · Gynecology Indications: Herpes simplex, endometrial adhesion, CIN (Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia), cysts, condiloma

    Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm wavelength) in dentistry:

    • · Excisional and incisional biopsies
    • · Excision and vaporization of herpes simplex I and II
    • · Exposure of unerupted teeth
    • Fibroma removal
    • Frenectomy and frenotomy
    • · Gingival troughing for crown impressions
    • · Gingivectomy
    • Gingivoplasty
    • · Gingival incision and excision
    • · Hemostasis
    • · Implant recovery
    • Incision and drainage of abscess
    • · Laser assisted uvulopaletoplasty (LAUP)
    • · Operculectomy
    • Oral papillectomies
    • Pulpotomy and pulpotomy as an adjunct to root canal therapy
    • Reduction of denture hyperplasia
    • · Reduction of gingival hypertrophy
    • Removal of filling material such as gutta percha or resin as adjunct treatment during root canal therapy
    • Removal of post-surgical granulations
    • · Soft tissue crown lengthening
      · Sulcular debridement or soft tissue curettage (removal of diseased or inflamed soft tissue in the periodontal pocket to improve clinical indices including gingival index, gingival bleeding index, probe depth, attachment loss, and tooth mobility)
    • Tissue retraction for impression
    • Treatment of aphtous ulcers
    • · Vestibuloplasty
      · Laser assisted new attachment procedure (cementum-mediated periodontal ligament new-attachment to the root surface in the absence of long junctional epithelium)
      • Periodontal regeneration - true regeneration of the attachment apparatus (new cementum, new periodontal ligament, and new alveolar bone) on a previously diseased root surface

    Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm wavelength) in dermatology and other surgical areas:
    · Removal of unwanted hair, for stable long term or permanent hair reduction and for treatment of PFB. The laser is indicated for all skin types, Fitzpatrick I-VI, including tanned skin*

    • · Photocoagulation and hemostasis of pigmented and vascular lesions, such as, but not limited to, port wine stains, hemangiomae, warts, telangiectasiae, rosacea, venus lake, leg veins and spider veins
    • Treatment of wrinkles
    • · Treatment of mild to moderate inflammatory acne vulgaris
      · General surgery indications: surgical incision, vaporization and coagulation of soft tissue. All soft tissue is included, striated and smooth tissue, muscle, cartillage, meniscus, mucous membrane, lymph vessels and nodes, organs and glands, fibroma removal.
      · Podiatry (ablation, vaporization, incision, and coagulation of soft tissue) including: Matrixectomy, Periungual and subungual warts, Plantar warts, Radical nail excision, Neuromas.
      · Temporary increase of clear nail in patients with onychomycosis (e.g. dermatophytes Trichophyton rubrum and T mentagrophytes and/or yeasts Candida albicans, etc.)

    Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm wavelength) therapy:
    · Temporary relief of muscle and joint pain and stiffhess, arthritis pain or muscle spassn. temporary increase in local blood circulation and/or promoting relaxation of muscle.

    Device Description

    The device is Fotona LightWalker laser system family (same as K172819). It is based on Er:YAG (2940 nm) and Nd:YAG (1064 nm) laser technology. It combines two flashlamp-pumped laser sources in one housing, with optical cavities containing the Er: YAG and Nd: YAG crystals. A diode aiming beam is combined with both therapeutic laser beams. The combined therapeutic and aiming beams are guided through an articulated arm to an optical handpiece (in the case of the Er.YAG laser), or, in the case of the Nd:YAG laser, through an optical fiber delivery system to an optical handpiece or to the bare fiber distal end.

    The Er: YAG laser is capable of delivering up to 1.5 J of laser energy in pulses with durations of 50-1000 us and frequencies (repetition rates) of up to 50 Hz. The maximum average output power is 20 W. The laser is intended to be used for incision/excision, cutting, ablation, vaporization and coagulation of soft and hard tissue in dentistry, dermatology and other surgical areas.

    The Nd:YAG laser is capable of delivering up to 0.5 J of energy with pulse durations from 0.1-25 ms and frequencies of up to 100 Hz. For dental indications it is capable of delivering laser pulses with durations of up to 650 us, frequencies (repetition rates) of up to 100 Hz and a maximum output power of 15 W. The laser is intended to be used for various intraoral treatments in dentistry, for various surgical and aesthetic applications in dermatology and other surgical areas, and for pain reduction indication stated below.

    AI/ML Overview

    The provided text is a 510(k) Summary for the Fotona LightWalker Laser System Family. This document is a premarket notification to the FDA, demonstrating substantial equivalence to previously cleared devices. It does not contain information about clinical studies, acceptance criteria for an AI/CADe device, or performance data of such a device.

    Therefore, I cannot provide the requested information, which includes:

    1. A table of acceptance criteria and reported device performance.
    2. Sample sizes and data provenance for a test set.
    3. Number and qualifications of experts for ground truth establishment.
    4. Adjudication method for the test set.
    5. Results of a multi-reader, multi-case (MRMC) comparative effectiveness study.
    6. Standalone performance of an algorithm.
    7. Type of ground truth used.
    8. Sample size for the training set.
    9. Method for establishing ground truth for the training set.

    The document discusses the technical specifications and intended uses of a laser system, comparing them to predicate laser systems to assert substantial equivalence for regulatory clearance. It focuses on the device's physical properties (wavelengths, power, pulse characteristics) and its approved applications (e.g., dentistry, dermatology, general surgery, pain relief), rather than the performance of an AI or CADe algorithm.

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    K Number
    K172819
    Manufacturer
    Date Cleared
    2017-12-01

    (74 days)

    Product Code
    Regulation Number
    878.4810
    Reference & Predicate Devices
    Why did this record match?
    Device Name :

    LightWalker Laser System Family

    AI/MLSaMDIVD (In Vitro Diagnostic)TherapeuticDiagnosticis PCCP AuthorizedThirdpartyExpeditedreview
    Intended Use

    Er: YAG laser (2940 nm wavelength) in dentistry:

    • Intra-oral soft tissue surgery (incision, excision, ablation coagulation)
    • Leukoplakia
    • Pulpotomy as adjunct to root canal retreatment
    • Pulp extirpation
    • Removal of fibromae
    • Removal of granulated tissue
    • Caries removal, cavity preparation, enamel roughening
    • Sulcular debridement
    • Tooth preparation to obtain access to root canal debridement and cleaning, root canal preparation including enlargement
    • Cutting, shaving, contouring and resection of oral osseous tissue (bone)
    • Osteotomy, osseous crown lengthening, osteoplasty
    • Apicectomy surgery
    • Removal of subgingival calculi in periodontal pockets with periodontitis by closed or open curetage

    Er: Y AG laser (2940 nm wavelength) in dermatology and other surgical areas:

    • Dermatology and Plastic Surgery Indications: Epidermal nevi, actinic cheilitis, verrucae, skin tags, keratoses and skin resurfacing;
    • ENT Surgery Indications: ENT lesions, cysts, polyps, hyperkeratosis, oral leukoplakia;
    • Oral/Maxillofacial Indications: Oral and glossal lesions, gingivectomy;
    • General Surgery Indications: Surgical incision, vaporization and coagulation of soft tissue during any general surgery application where skin incision, tissue dissection, excision of lesions, complete or partial resection of internal organs, lesions, tissue ablation and vessel coagulation;
    • Podiatry Indications: Warts, plantar verrucae, large mosaic verrucae, matrixectomy;
    • Ophtalmology Indications: Soft tissue surrounding the eye ;
    • Gynecology Indications: Herpes simplex, endometrial adhesion, CIN (Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia), cysts, condiloma;

    Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm wavelength) in dentistry:

    • Excisional and incisional biopsies
    • Excision and vaporization of herpes simplex I and II
    • Exposure of unerupted teeth
    • Fibroma removal
    • Frenectomy and frenotomy
    • Gingival troughing for crown impressions
    • Gingivectomy
    • Gingivoplasty
    • Gingival incision and excision
    • Hemostasis
    • Implant recovery
    • Incision and drainage of abscess
    • Laser assisted uvulopaletoplasty (LAUP)
    • Operculectomy
    • Oral papillectomies
    • Pulpotomy and pulpotomy as an adjunct to root canal therapy
    • Reduction of denture hyperplasia
    • Reduction of gingival hypertrophy
    • Removal of filling material such as gutta percha or resin as adjunct treatment during root canal therapy
    • Removal of post-surgical granulations
    • Soft tissue crown lengthening
    • Sulcular debridement or soft tissue curettage (removal of diseased or imflamed soft tissue in the periodontal pocket to improve clinical indices including gingival index, gingival bleeding index, probe depth, attachment loss, and tooth mobility)
    • Tissue retraction for impression
    • Treatment of aphtous ulcers
    • Vestibuloplastv
    • Laser assisted new attachment procedure (cementum-mediated periodontal ligament now-attachment to the root surface in the absence of long junctional epithelium)
    • Periodontal regeneration true regeneration of the attachment apparatus (new cementum, new periodontal ligament, and new alveolar bone) on a previously diseased root surface

    Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm wavelength) in dermatology and other surgical areas:

    • Removal of unwanted hair, for stable long term or permanent hair reatment of PFB. The laser is indicated for all skin types, Fitzpatrick I-VI, including tanned skin
    • Photocoagulation and hemostasis of pigmented and vascular lesions, such as, but not limited to, port wine stains, hemaongiomae, warts, telangiectasiae, rosacea, venus lake, leg veins and spider veins
    • Treatment of wrinkles
    • Treatment of mild to moderate inflammatory acne vulgaris
    • General surgery indications: surgical incision, vaporization and coagulation of soft tissue. All soft tissue is included, striated and smooth tissue, muscle, cartillage, menibrane, lymph vessels and nodes, organs and glands, fibroma removal.
    • Podiatry (ablation, vaporization, incision, and coagulation of soft tissue) including:
    • Matrixectomy
    • Periungual and subungual warts
    • Plantar warts
    • Radical nail excision
    • Neuromas

    The Fotona LightWalker Laser System Family is indicated for use for the temporary increase of clear nail in patients with onychomycosis (e.g., dermatophyton rubrum and T mentagrophytes, and/or yeasts Candida albicans, etc.).

    Device Description

    The device is Fotona LightWalker laser system family (same as K121508). It is based on Er:YAG (2940 nm) and Nd:YAG (1064 nm) laser technology. It combines two flashlamp-pumped laser sources in one housing, with optical cavities containing the Er:YAG and Nd:YAG crystals. A diode aiming beam is combined with both therapeutic laser beams. The combined therapeutic and aiming beams are guided through an articulated arm to an optical hand piece (in the case of the Er: YAG laser), or, in the case of the Nd: YAG laser, through an optical fiber delivery system to an optical hand piece or to the bare fiber distal end.

    The Er:YAG laser is capable of delivering up to 1.5 J of laser energy in pulses with durations of 50 - 1000 us and frequencies (repetition rates) of up to 50 Hz. The maximum average output power is 20 W. The laser is intended to be used for incision/excision, cutting, ablation, vaporization and coagulation of soft and hard tissue in dentistry, dermatology and other surgical areas.

    The Nd:YAG laser is capable of delivering up to 10 J of energy with pulse durations from 0.1- 25 ms, and frequencies of up to 100 Hz. For dental indications it is capable of delivering laser pulses with durations of up to 650 us, frequencies (repetition rates) of up to 100 Hz and a maximum output power of 15 W. The laser is intended to be used for various intra oral treatments in dentistry, and for various surgical and aesthetic applications in dermatology and other surgical areas.

    AI/ML Overview

    The provided document is a 510(k) premarket notification for the Fotona LightWalker Laser System Family. This type of submission focuses on demonstrating substantial equivalence to a predicate device rather than undergoing extensive clinical trials with specific acceptance criteria as you might see for a novel, high-risk device or a new indication that significantly changes the device's fundamental technology or safety profile.

    Based on the document, here's an analysis addressing your questions:

    1. A table of acceptance criteria and the reported device performance

    The document does not explicitly state quantitative "acceptance criteria" in the typical sense (e.g., a specific sensitivity or specificity threshold for a diagnostic AI, or a success rate for a therapeutic device in a clinical trial). Instead, the acceptance criteria for this 510(k) submission are implicitly tied to demonstrating substantial equivalence to existing predicate devices.

    The "performance" is demonstrated through:

    • Comparison of Technological Characteristics: Showing that the LightWalker Laser System Family has the same fundamental design, energy sources, wavelengths, power output, pulse characteristics, and beam delivery systems as the predicate devices.
    • Comparison of Intended Use/Indications for Use: Demonstrating that the new indications for use (Laser Assisted New Attachment Procedure and Periodontal Regeneration) fall within the scope of what the predicate devices can achieve with similar parameters.

    Here's how the document frames the comparison, which serves as the "reported device performance" against the implicit "acceptance criteria" of being substantially equivalent to the predicates:

    Feature/IndicationAcceptance Criteria (Implicit - based on Predicate)Reported Device Performance (Fotona LightWalker K172819)
    General Technological Characteristics (LightWalker vs. Predicates K070355 & K151763)Same design, chemical composition, energy source, wavelength, active medium, cooling system, power supply, beam delivery, controls, housing. Output characteristics for intended use are the same."The Fotona LightWalker Laser System Family has the same technological and design characteristics... as the previously cleared Fotona's LightWalker Laser System family Device (K121508) and the predicate devices Fotona Fidelis III Er:YAG/Nd: YAG Laser System (K070355) and PerioLase Nd: YAG Pulsed Dental Laser System (K151763). The output characteristics are for the intended use the same as those of the predicate devices." (Page 8)
    New Indication: Laser assisted new attachment procedure (Nd:YAG in dentistry) vs. Fotona Fidelis III (K070355)Wavelength: 1064nm, Contact part: Bare fiber, Power: 2-4W, Pulsewidth Mode: SP/LP, Frequency: 10-20Hz, Fiber diameter: 300 µmAll parameters match the predicate (Wavelength: 1064nm, Contact part: Bare fiber, Power: 2-4W, Pulsewidth Mode: SP/LP*, Frequency: 10-20Hz, Fiber diameter: 300 µm). (*SP and LP LightWalker's modes denote pulse durations 150 µs and 650 µs, respectively.) (Table 1, Page 9)
    New Indication: Periodontal regeneration (Nd:YAG in dentistry) vs. Periolase Nd: YAG (K151763)Wavelength: 1064nm, Contact part: Bare fiber, Power: 3-4W, Pulsewidth: 150 µs and 650 µs, Frequency: 20Hz, Fiber diameter: 360-400 µmAll parameters match the predicate (Wavelength: 1064nm, Contact part: Bare fiber, Power: 3-4W, Pulsewidth: 150 µs and 650 µs, Frequency: 20Hz, Fiber diameter: 360 µm - 400 µm). (Table 2, Page 9)
    Compliance with StandardsCompliance with relevant IEC/EN standards for medical electrical equipment, laser safety, usability, risk management, and software lifecycle processes.The device "is designed, tested and will be manufactured in accordance with both mandatory and voluntary standards" listed in detail on page 10. (e.g., EN 60601-1, EN 60825-1, EN ISO 14971, EN 62304).

    2. Sample size used for the test set and the data provenance (e.g. country of origin of the data, retrospective or prospective)

    The document explicitly states: "No clinical testing was needed." (Page 10).
    This means there was no "test set" in the sense of a patient cohort or retrospective dataset for performance evaluation the device's clinical efficacy or safety, beyond its substantial equivalence to the predicate devices. The data provenance is implied to be through the design specifications and laboratory testing against standards, not from clinical patient data.

    3. Number of experts used to establish the ground truth for the test set and the qualifications of those experts (e.g. radiologist with 10 years of experience)

    Not applicable, as no clinical testing was performed and no ground truth was established from patient data. The "ground truth" for this 510(k) submission is the established performance and safety of the predicate devices and the technical specifications of the new device demonstrating equivalence.

    4. Adjudication method (e.g. 2+1, 3+1, none) for the test set

    Not applicable, as no clinical testing or human review of clinical data was performed.

    5. If a multi reader multi case (MRMC) comparative effectiveness study was done, If so, what was the effect size of how much human readers improve with AI vs without AI assistance

    Not applicable. This is a laser surgical instrument, not a diagnostic AI device requiring MRMC studies.

    6. If a standalone (i.e. algorithm only without human-in-the-loop performance) was done

    Not applicable. This is a physical medical device (laser system), not a standalone algorithm.

    7. The type of ground truth used (expert concensus, pathology, outcomes data, etc)

    The "ground truth" for this 510(k) is the established safety and efficacy profiles of the predicate devices. The manufacturer's argument for substantial equivalence relies on the new device having the same fundamental technology and operating parameters for the new indications as devices already cleared by the FDA. Laboratory testing confirmed the device's technical specifications met relevant standards.

    8. The sample size for the training set

    Not applicable, as this is not an AI/ML device that requires a training set. The "training" for this device's design and manufacturing is based on established engineering principles and compliance with recognized standards.

    9. How the ground truth for the training set was established

    Not applicable.

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