(87 days)
Not Found
No
The device description focuses on the physical and chemical properties of the polymer gel and its interaction with radiation, along with the imaging modalities used to read the dose distribution. There is no mention of any computational algorithms, particularly those related to AI or ML, being used for data processing, analysis, or interpretation of the images. The comparison is made to a traditional water-tank scanner, further suggesting a non-AI/ML approach.
No
The device is used for quality assurance procedures for radiotherapy treatments, specifically for measuring radiation dose distributions. It does not directly treat or diagnose a medical condition in a patient.
No
This device is a dosimeter used for quality assurance procedures in radiotherapy, measuring 3D dose distributions. It is not used to diagnose a patient's medical condition.
No
The device description clearly details a physical polymer-gel dosimeter and its associated vessels, which are hardware components. While imaging and analysis are involved, the core device is a physical object.
Based on the provided information, this device is not an In Vitro Diagnostic (IVD).
Here's why:
- Intended Use: The intended use is for "quality assurance procedures for radiotherapy treatments whenever three dimensional dose distributions are required." This is a quality control and measurement tool for a medical procedure (radiotherapy), not a test performed on a biological sample from a patient to diagnose, monitor, or determine the compatibility of a medical device with a patient.
- Device Description: The device measures radiation dose distributions based on the polymerization of monomers within a gel. This is a physical measurement of radiation, not a test of a biological sample.
- Lack of Biological Sample: The description does not mention the use of any biological samples (blood, urine, tissue, etc.) from a patient.
- Comparison to Predicate: The predicate device is an "automated water-tank scanner," which is also a quality assurance tool for radiotherapy, not an IVD.
IVDs are specifically designed to be used in vitro (outside the body) on biological specimens to provide information for diagnostic purposes. This device operates in vitro in the sense that the gel is outside the patient, but its purpose is to measure the radiation delivered by a medical device, not to analyze a patient's biological sample.
N/A
Intended Use / Indications for Use
Polymer-gel dosimeters may be used for quality assurance procedures for radiotherapy treatments whenever three dimensional dose distributions are required. They can be used for routine measurements of radiation dose distributions produced by irradiation devices delivering doses in the range 0-30 Gy.
Product codes (comma separated list FDA assigned to the subject device)
90 IYE
Device Description
Polymer-Gel Dosimeters consist of various monomers dispersed in a gelatin matrix. These monomers are polymerized by the free radicals produced by ionizing radiations, and the extent of polymerization is proportional to the absorbed dose. Both the NMR and optical properties of the irradiated gel are thus changed, and dose distributions may be imaged and quantitated using magneticresonance imaging (MRI) or computerized optical tomographic scanning (currently under development by MGS). The polymerization converts the original solution of monomers into a suspension of microparticles that are each much smaller than one micron, and which are fixed in space by the gel, and so the resolution of polymer-gel dosimeters is limited mainly by the imaging device employed. Using a standard head coil and a clinical MRI, pixel sizes on the order of 1 mm are obtained when imaging 2-4 liter gels. For the higher resolution that may be required for brachytherapy sources, gels of about 0.5 liters can be imaged in small-bore, higher-frequency MRI's and pixel sizes of fractions of a millimeter obtained.
Polymer-Gel Dosimeters contain only organic molecules and water, and so their average and effective atomic numbers, and mass densities are, depending upon the specific formulation, very nearly the same as that for muscle tissue. Also, their dose response curves exhibit little or no radiation-quality dependence over the range of x- and gamma-ray energies employed in radiation therapy, nor do they show any doserate dependence for dose rates in the range 0.06-16 Gy/min. Of equally great importance is that polymer gels take the shape of their containers which could simulate various parts of the anatomy, and even contain bone and air cavities. This latter feature will provide data not obtainable by any other practical means, and which can provide a benchmarks for treatment-planning-computer algorithms.
As polymerization of the monomers in polymer-gel dosimeters is inhibited by oxygen, it is essential that the vessel that contains the gel be oxygen-free when it is filled and impermeable to oxygen during the period of irradiation and for one hour post-irradiation during which time polymerization goes to completion. This requirement places severe constraints upon the techniques employed for gel preparation, and upon the materials and methods of fabrication of the gel vessels. At the present time, MGS provides polymer gels in 2-liter, spherical glass vessels for confirmation of stereotactic radiosurgery, and 1.0-liter glass bottles for brachytherapy-source dosimetry. These vessels are shipped in nitrogen-filled pouches made from a unique aluminum/Saran/polyethylene foil. The fabrication of vessels made from Barex plastic, a product of the BP Chemicals Corp., and which is impermeable to oxygen, is also possible.
The images recorded by polymer-gel dosimeters are permanent thus permitting comparisons between, for example, the dose distributions for a particular x-ray beam which were made even years apart.
Mentions image processing
Yes
Mentions AI, DNN, or ML
Not Found
Input Imaging Modality
magnetic-resonance imaging (MRI) or computerized optical tomographic scanning
Anatomical Site
Not Found
Indicated Patient Age Range
Not Found
Intended User / Care Setting
Not Found
Description of the training set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
Not Found
Description of the test set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
Not Found
Summary of Performance Studies (study type, sample size, AUC, MRMC, standalone performance, key results)
Study Type: Non-Clinical Performance Data
Key Results: Dose response curves and central-axis depth-dose curves determined for high-energy x-ray and electron beams using the Wellhofer automated water-tank scanner and the Polymer-Gel Dosimeter exhibit close proximity, which is well within the experimental uncertainty limits of these devices. This proximity supports the conclusion that the Polymer-Gel Dosimeter is substantially equivalent to the Wellhofer automated water-tank scanner for the determination of dose distributions produced by x-ray, gamma-ray and electron beams.
Key Metrics (Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV, etc.)
Not Found
Predicate Device(s): If the device was cleared using the 510(k) pathway, identify the Predicate Device(s) K/DEN number used to claim substantial equivalence and list them here in a comma separated list exactly as they appear in the text. List the primary predicate first in the list.
Reference Device(s): Identify the Reference Device(s) K/DEN number and list them here in a comma separated list exactly as they appear in the text.
Not Found
Predetermined Change Control Plan (PCCP) - All Relevant Information for the subject device only (e.g. presence / absence, what scope was granted / cleared under the PCCP, any restrictions, etc).
Not Found
§ 892.5050 Medical charged-particle radiation therapy system.
(a)
Identification. A medical charged-particle radiation therapy system is a device that produces by acceleration high energy charged particles (e.g., electrons and protons) intended for use in radiation therapy. This generic type of device may include signal analysis and display equipment, patient and equipment supports, treatment planning computer programs, component parts, and accessories.(b)
Classification. Class II. When intended for use as a quality control system, the film dosimetry system (film scanning system) included as an accessory to the device described in paragraph (a) of this section, is exempt from the premarket notification procedures in subpart E of part 807 of this chapter subject to the limitations in § 892.9.
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MGS RESEARCH, INC.
OCT 2 3 1997
1 Orchard park Road, unit 13, madison, ct 06443, USA
TEL (203) 453 6078 FAX (203) 453 8679 EMAIL mgsinc@connix.com
510(k) Summary
07/01/97 Date: MGS Research, Inc., 1, Orchard Park Road, Madison, CT 06443 Applicant: Marek J. Maryanski, President Contact: Telephone: 203 453-6078 203 453-8679 FAX:
Trade Name: BANG Polymer-Gel Dosimeter.
Common Name: Gel dosimeter for recording radiation dose distributions in three dimensions.
Classification Name: Therapeutic X-Ray System (Accessory).
Substantial Equivalence: The BANG Polymer-Gel Dosimeter is substantially equivalent to the automated water-tank scanner produced by the Wellhofer Corp. (approved as K945321).
Description of Device: Polymer-Gel Dosimeters consist of various monomers dispersed in a gelatin matrix. These monomers are polymerized by the free radicals produced by ionizing radiations, and the extent of polymerization is proportional to the absorbed dose. Both the NMR and optical properties of the irradiated gel are thus changed, and dose distributions may be imaged and quantitated using magneticresonance imaging (MRI) or computerized optical tomographic scanning (currently under development by MGS). The polymerization converts the original solution of monomers into a suspension of microparticles that are each much smaller than one micron, and which are fixed in space by the gel, and so the resolution of polymer-gel dosimeters is limited mainly by the imaging device employed. Using a standard head coil and a clinical MRI, pixel sizes on the order of 1 mm are obtained when imaging 2-4 liter gels. For the higher resolution that may be required for brachytherapy sources, gels of about 0.5 liters can be imaged in small-bore, higher-frequency MRI's and pixel sizes of fractions of a millimeter obtained.
Polymer-Gel Dosimeters contain only organic molecules and water, and so their average and effective atomic numbers, and mass densities are, depending upon the specific formulation, very nearly the same as that for muscle tissue. Also, their dose
1
response curves exhibit little or no radiation-quality dependence over the range of xand gamma-ray energies employed in radiation therapy, nor do they show any doserate dependence for dose rates in the range 0.06-16 Gy/min. Of equally great importance is that polymer gels take the shape of their containers which could simulate various parts of the anatomy, and even contain bone and air cavities. This latter feature will provide data not obtainable by any other practical means, and which can provide a benchmarks for treatment-planning-computer algorithms.
As polymerization of the monomers in polymer-gel dosimeters is inhibited by oxygen, it is essential that the vessel that contains the gel be oxygen-free when it is filled and impermeable to oxygen during the period of irradiation and for one hour post-irradiation during which time polymerization goes to completion. This requirement places severe constraints upon the techniques employed for gel preparation, and upon the materials and methods of fabrication of the gel vessels. At the present time, MGS provides polymer gels in 2-liter, spherical glass vessels for confirmation of stereotactic radiosurgery, and 1.0-liter glass bottles for brachytherapy-source dosimetry. These vessels are shipped in nitrogen-filled pouches made from a unique aluminum/Saran/polyethylene foil. The fabrication of vessels made from Barex plastic, a product of the BP Chemicals Corp., and which is impermeable to oxygen, is also possible.
The images recorded by polymer-gel dosimeters are permanent thus permitting comparisons between, for example, the dose distributions for a particular x-ray beam which were made even years apart.
Technological Comparison: In the automated water-tank scanner the water provides . the near-tissue-equivalent absorbing and scattering medium, and a small detector (ionization chamber or silicon diode) makes point-by-point measurements of dose in a matrix of points contained in a single plane. Isodose curves are obtained using computer programs which interpolate between the measured points so as to locate a new series of points, each of which represents a dose that is a specified fraction of the maximum dose. These isodose points are then connected smoothly to yield isodose curves. Should a full three-dimensional dose distribution be required, a number of planes parallel to the plane containing the central axis of the beam would be scanned, and the isodose curves from these planes connected by a similar interpolation process.
By comparison, the Polymer-Gel Dosimeter comprises both the absorbing and scattering medium and the radiation detector, the doses to all points in the gel medium being recorded, i. e., polymerization of monomers, simultaneously during the course of irradiation. Isodose curves in one or more arbitrarily specified planes are obtained using magnetic-resonance imaging (MRI) the first step of which is to generate a map of the proton relaxation rate where each pixel in this map has a relaxation rate which is proportional to the dose delivered to that pixel. Next, this relaxation map is converted to a dose map by application of the dose-response curve (R2 vs Gv) that is appropriate to the polymer gel employed. This curve is obtained from measurements
2
of a calibration kit of identical gel irradiated to known doses. Isodose curves are now generated using an algorithm that is similar to the one employed with the water-tank scanner. Should a full three-dimensional dose distribution be required, dose maps would be generated for a series of closely-spaced parallel image planes, and the isodose curves from these planes connected by a similar interpolation process. Due to the small voxel size, 1 X 1 X 3 mm, obtained by MRI, the resolution achievable with polymer-gel dosimeters is generally higher than that achievable with water-tank scanners.
Non-Clinical Performance Data: Dose response curves and central-axis depth-dose curves determined for high-energy x-ray and electron beams using the Wellhofer automated water-tank scanner and the Polymer-Gel Dosimeter are shown in the accompanying reprint "Radiation therapy dosimetry using MRI of polymer gels" published in Medical Physics, 23, 699-705, figures 3 - 5 (see Exhbit 5 in Appendix A, attached).
Conclusion: The close proximity of the above data sets obtained using the Wellhofer system and the Polymer-Gel Dosimeter is well within the experimental uncertainty limits of these devices, and it is the conclusion of MGS Research that the Polymer-Gel Dosimeter is substantially equivalent to the Wellhofer automated water-tank scanner for the determination of dose distributions produced by x-ray, gamma-ray and electron beams.
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Image /page/3/Picture/0 description: The image shows a logo for the Department of Health & Human Services. The logo features a stylized abstract symbol resembling a human figure with three curved lines representing the head, body, and legs. The text "DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HC" is arranged vertically along the left side of the symbol.
Food and Drug Administration 9200 Corporate Boulevard Rockville MD 20850
OCT 2 3 1997
Marek J. Maryanski President MGS Research, Inc. 1 Orchard Park Road, Unit 13 Madison, CT 06443
Re: K972804
BANG Polymer-Gel Dosimeter Dated: July 1, 1997 Received: July 28, 1997 Regulatory Class: II 21 CFR 892.5050/Procode: 90 IYE
Dear Ms. Maryanski:
We have reviewed your Section 510/k) notification of intent to market the device and we have determined the device is substantially equivalent for use stated in the enclosure) to devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act). You may, therefore, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing and problibitions against misbranding and adulteration.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class III (Premarket Approval), it may be subject to such additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 895. A substantially equivalent determination assumes compliance with the Current Good Manufacturing Practice requirement, as set forth in the Quality System Regulation (OS) for Medical Devices: General regulation (21 CFR Part 820) and that, through periodic QS inspections, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) will verify such assumptions. Failure to comply with the GMP regulation may result in regulatory action. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register. Please note: this response to your premarket notification submission does not affect any obligation you might have under sections 531 through 542 of the Act for devices under Radiation Control provisions, or other Federal laws or regulations.
This letter will allow you to begin marketing your device as described in your 510(k) premarket notification. The FDA finding of substantial equivalence of your device to a legally marketed predicate device results in a classification for your device and thus, permits your device to proceed to the market.
If you desire specific advice for your device on our labeling regulation (21 CFR Part 801 and additionally 809.10 for in vitro diagnostic devices), please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4613. Additionally, for questions on the promotion and advertising of your device, please contact the Office of Compliance at (301) 594-4639. Also, please note the regulation entitled. "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR 807.97). Other general information on your responsibilities under the Act may be obtained from the Division of Small Manufacturers Assistance at its toll-free number (800) 638-2041 or (301) 443-6597 or at its Internet address http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/dsmamain.html".
Sincerely yours,
hLiliau Yu
Lillian Yin, Ph.D.
Director, Division of Reproductive, Abdominal, Ear, Nose and Throat, and Radiological Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health ----
Enclosure
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| 510(k) Number (if known): | K972804 |
|---|---|
| Device Name: | BANG Polymer-Gel Dosimeter |
Indications For Use:
t
Polymer-gel dosimeters may be used for quality assurance procedures for radiotherapy treatments whenever three dimensional dose distributions are required. They can be used for routine measurements of radiation dose distributions produced by irradiation devices delivering doses in the range 0-30 Gy.
(PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE - CONTINUE ON ANOTHER PAGE IF NEEDED)
Concurrence of CDRH, Office of Device Evaluation (ODE)
Varis L. Segerson
(Division Sign-Off) Division of Reproductive, Abdominal, EN and Radiological De 510(k) Number
Prescription Use (Per 21 CFR 801.109)
OR
Over-The-Counter Use
(Optional Format 1-2-96)