(140 days)
Not Found
No
The document describes image segmentation and surgical planning software that creates digital and physical models from medical scans. While it involves image processing, there is no mention of AI, ML, or related terms like deep learning or neural networks in the provided text. The focus is on the process of creating models and their accuracy, not on adaptive or learning algorithms.
No.
The device is described as a software system and physical replicas for surgical planning, diagnosis, patient management, and treatment selection; it does not directly treat or cure a disease or condition.
No
The device is intended for pre-operative surgical planning and creating physical replicas of patient anatomy for adjunctive use with other diagnostic tools, but it is not directly used to make a diagnosis itself.
No
The device description explicitly states that the system produces both digital and physical patient models, and the physical models are intended for adjunctive use. While the software component is crucial, the overall device includes a physical output.
Based on the provided information, this device is not an IVD (In Vitro Diagnostic).
Here's why:
- Intended Use: The intended use clearly states that the software is for transferring DICOM imaging information, image segmentation, and pre-operative surgical planning. The output file is used to produce a physical replica for adjunctive use with other diagnostic tools and expert clinical judgment. This focus is on surgical planning and creating physical models for rehearsal and visualization, not on performing diagnostic tests on biological samples.
- Device Description: The description emphasizes the creation of digital and physical patient anatomical models from radiological data. These models are used for training, education, and surgical planning. While they are used in conjunction with diagnostic tools, the device itself is not performing a diagnostic test.
- Lack of Biological Sample Analysis: IVD devices are designed to examine specimens derived from the human body (like blood, urine, tissue) to provide information for diagnosis, monitoring, or treatment. This device operates on medical images (DICOM data) and produces physical models, not results from biological sample analysis.
The device is a medical device, specifically a software system and a process for creating patient-specific anatomical models from imaging data for surgical planning and rehearsal. It is not an in vitro diagnostic device.
N/A
Intended Use / Indications for Use
The Pre-Sure software system is intended for use as a software interface and image segmentation system for the transfer of DICOM imaging information from a medical scanner to an output file. It is also intended as pre-operative software for surgical planning. For this purpose, the output file may be used to produce a physical replica is intended for adjunctive use along with other diagnostic tools and expert clinical judgment for diagnosis, patient management, and/or treatment selection of genitourinary, cardiovascular, neurological, respiratory, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, craniofacial, and pediatric applications.
Product codes (comma separated list FDA assigned to the subject device)
LLZ
Device Description
The Pre-Sure patient modeling system is a method for the creation of patient models. Importantly, and unlike other 3D modeling systems, in the Pre-Sure process the design and production of patient models is performed by Lazarus 3D or its affiliates (with physician input), and not by the End User. The Pre-Sure software process is FDA cleared for the analysis of patient radiological data to create a digital patient design, referred to as a "Digital Twin". Digital Twins can be used by End Users, when viewed in an appropriately cleared viewing program, for a variety of uses including training, education, and surgical planning.
Patient specific Digital Twins may be further used as an input to a 3D printing-based production process performed by Lazarus 3D. This process creates physical patient models, referred to as Pre-Sure models. Each individual patient's model can be created rapidly from the patient's radiological data. The resulting physical models of patient anatomy are primarily composed of silicone materials that can be sutured, and in some cases can even bleed, and of hard plastic materials that can be sawed, drilled, and can accept screws.
End Users of the Preoperative Surgical Rehearsal (Pre-Sure) device receive digital and/or physical patient anatomical models from Lazarus 3D. Digital models may be viewed by End Users using any program cleared for their intended use. The physical models are intended for adjunctive use along with other diagnostic tools and expert clinical judgment for diagnosis, patient management, and/or treatment selection for genitourinary, cardiovascular, craniofacial, gastrointestinal, neurological, musculoskeletal, respiratory, and pediatric applications.
Mentions image processing
Yes
Mentions AI, DNN, or ML
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Input Imaging Modality
DICOM imaging information from a medical scanner, MRI, CT scan
Anatomical Site
genitourinary, cardiovascular, neurological, respiratory, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, craniofacial, pediatric
Indicated Patient Age Range
Not Found
Intended User / Care Setting
Not Found
Description of the training set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
Not Found
Description of the test set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
Not Found
Summary of Performance Studies (study type, sample size, AUC, MRMC, standalone performance, key results)
Production Process Accuracy Study:
Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy of Pre-Sure patient model production processes.
Results: Measurements fell within predefined acceptance criteria when comparing physical models created using Pre-Sure to their in-silico input data.
Digital and Physical Model Accuracy Study:
Purpose: To compare results from the entire Pre-Sure workflow to those of the predicate device.
Sample Size: Not specified, but uses MRI and CT scan input data from actual cases.
Results: Measurements fell within predefined acceptance criteria when comparing 3D computer models and physical models created by the subject device and the predicate device.
Build Envelope Testing - Accuracy Validation:
Purpose: To define where on the 3D printer, and in what orientation, models can be produced with sufficient accuracy for the intended use.
Results: Sufficient accuracy can be achieved for models to be built in any orientation or position on the 3D printer.
Materials Testing - Accuracy Validation:
Purpose: To test the accuracy and bonding of the range of materials included in the build envelope for Pre-Sure physical patient models.
Results: All material combinations produce models of sufficient accuracy for the intended use. All tested materials bond well with all other tested materials and can be used together to form multi-material patient models.
Testing on Especially Challenging Genitourinary Cases:
Purpose: To test the accuracy of the subject production process when creating complex models for genitourinary applications.
Results: The Pre-Sure 3D manufacturing can reproduce complex genitourinary conditions with sufficient accuracy for the intended use.
Testing on Especially Challenging Cardiovascular Cases:
Purpose: To test the accuracy of the subject production process when creating complex models for cardiovascular applications.
Results: The Pre-Sure 3D manufacturing can reproduce complex cardiovascular conditions with sufficient accuracy for the intended use.
Testing on Especially Challenging Neurological Cases:
Purpose: To test the accuracy of the subject production process when creating complex models for neurological applications.
Results: The Pre-Sure 3D manufacturing can reproduce complex neurological conditions with sufficient accuracy for the intended use.
Testing on Especially Challenging Respiratory Cases:
Purpose: To test the accuracy of the subject production process when creating complex models for respiratory applications.
Results: The Pre-Sure 3D manufacturing can reproduce complex respiratory conditions with sufficient accuracy for the intended use.
Testing on Especially Challenging Musculoskeletal Cases:
Purpose: To test the accuracy of the subject production process when creating complex musculoskeletal models.
Results: The Pre-Sure 3D manufacturing can reproduce complex musculoskeletal conditions with sufficient accuracy for the intended use.
Testing on Especially Challenging Gastrointestinal Cases:
Purpose: To test the accuracy of the subject production process when creating complex gastrointestinal models.
Results: The Pre-Sure 3D manufacturing can reproduce complex gastrointestinal conditions with sufficient accuracy for the intended use.
Testing on Especially Challenging Craniofacial Cases:
Purpose: To test the accuracy of the subject production process when creating complex craniofacial models.
Results: The Pre-Sure 3D manufacturing can reproduce complex craniofacial conditions with sufficient accuracy for the intended use.
Testing on Especially Challenging Pediatric Cases:
Purpose: To test the accuracy of the subject production process when creating complex pediatric models.
Results: The Pre-Sure 3D manufacturing can reproduce complex pediatric conditions with sufficient accuracy for the intended use.
Testing on Hard and Soft Pre-Sure Material Bonding:
Purpose: To test if the bonding of hard and soft materials used in combination in Pre-Sure models is sufficient to maintain their integrity and accuracy during shipping and when used as intended.
Results: Pre-Sure models containing both hard and soft materials are sufficiently robust to maintain their integrity and accuracy during shipping and when used as intended.
Summary: All performance testing showed conformity to pre-established specifications and acceptance criteria, demonstrating device performance and substantial equivalence to the predicate device.
Key Metrics (Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV, etc.)
Not Found
Predicate Device(s): If the device was cleared using the 510(k) pathway, identify the Predicate Device(s) K/DEN number used to claim substantial equivalence and list them here in a comma separated list exactly as they appear in the text. List the primary predicate first in the list.
Reference Device(s): Identify the Reference Device(s) K/DEN number and list them here in a comma separated list exactly as they appear in the text.
Not Found
Predetermined Change Control Plan (PCCP) - All Relevant Information for the subject device only (e.g. presence / absence, what scope was granted / cleared under the PCCP, any restrictions, etc).
Not Found
§ 892.2050 Medical image management and processing system.
(a)
Identification. A medical image management and processing system is a device that provides one or more capabilities relating to the review and digital processing of medical images for the purposes of interpretation by a trained practitioner of disease detection, diagnosis, or patient management. The software components may provide advanced or complex image processing functions for image manipulation, enhancement, or quantification that are intended for use in the interpretation and analysis of medical images. Advanced image manipulation functions may include image segmentation, multimodality image registration, or 3D visualization. Complex quantitative functions may include semi-automated measurements or time-series measurements.(b)
Classification. Class II (special controls; voluntary standards—Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Std., Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) Std., Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE) Test Pattern).
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Image /page/0/Picture/0 description: The image contains the logo of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). On the left is the Department of Health & Human Services logo. To the right of that is the FDA logo, which consists of the letters "FDA" in a blue square, followed by the words "U.S. FOOD & DRUG ADMINISTRATION" in blue text.
Lazarus 3D % Elisa Maldonado-Holmertz RA Consultant Obelix Consulting, LLC 806 JEFFERSON ST. BASTROP TX 78602
May 26, 2023
Re: K230044
Trade/Device Name: Pre-Sure Regulation Number: 21 CFR 892.2050 Regulation Name: Medical image management and processing system Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: LLZ Dated: May 2, 2023 Received: May 4, 2023
Dear Elisa Maldonado-Holmertz:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. Although this letter refers to your product as a device, please be aware that some cleared products may instead be combination products. The 510(k) Premarket Notification Database located at https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfpmn/pmn.cfm identifies combination product submissions. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part
1
801); medical device reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803) for devices or postmarketing safety reporting (21 CFR 4, Subpart B) for combination products (see https://www.fda.gov/combination-products/guidance-regulatory-information/postmarketing-safety-reportingcombination-products); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820) for devices or current good manufacturing practices (21 CFR 4. Subpart A) for combination products; and, if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-safety/medical-device-reportingmdr-how-report-medical-device-problems.
For comprehensive regulatory information about mediation-emitting products, including information about labeling regulations, please see Device Advice (https://www.fda.gov/medicaldevices/device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory-assistance) and CDRH Learn (https://www.fda.gov/training-and-continuing-education/cdrh-learn). Additionally, you may contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education (DICE) to ask a question about a specific regulatory topic. See the DICE website (https://www.fda.gov/medical-device-advice-comprehensive-regulatoryassistance/contact-us-division-industry-and-consumer-education-dice) for more information or contact DICE by email (DICE@fda.hhs.gov) or phone (1-800-638-2041 or 301-796-7100).
Sincerely,
Jessica Lamb
Jessica Lamb, Ph.D. Assistant Director Imaging Software Team DHT8B: Division of Imaging Devices and Electronic Products OHT8: Office of Radiological Health Office of Product Evaluation and Quality Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
2
Indications for Use
510(k) Number (if known) K230044
Device Name Pre-Sure
Indications for Use (Describe)
The Pre-Sure software system is intended for use as a software interface and image segmentation system for the transfer of DICOM imaging information from a medical scanner to an output file. It is also intended as pre-operative software for surgical planning. For this purpose, the output file may be used to produce a physical replica is intended for adjunctive use along with other diagnostic tools and expert clinical judgment for diagnosis, patient management, and/or treatment selection of genitourinary, cardiovascular, neurological, respiratory, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, craniofacial, and pediatric applications.
| Type of Use (Select one or both, as applicable) |
|---|
| ------------------------------------------------- |
| ☒ Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D) |
|---|
| ☐ Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C) |
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Image /page/3/Picture/0 description: The image is a logo for Lazarus 3D. The logo consists of a stylized square shape on the left, with the words "LAZARUS 3D" in bold, black letters to the right of the shape. Below the company name is the tagline "Operate with Confidence" in a smaller, sans-serif font.
Section 005 - 510(k) Summary
INTRODUCTION
This document contains the 510(k) summary for the Pre-Sure device. The content of this summary is based on the requirements of 21 CFR 807.92.
SUBMISSION SPONSOR
| Name: | Lazarus 3D, Inc. | |
|---|---|---|
| Address: | 421 Water Ave. NE. | |
| Albany, OR 97321 | ||
| Phone: | (541) 760 1805 | |
| Contact Name: | Dr. Smriti Zaneveld | |
| Contact Email: | Smriti@laz3D.com | |
| Additional Contact: | Dr. Jacques Zaneveld | |
| Additional Email: | Zaneveld@laz3D.com | |
| Submission Correspondent | ||
| Name: | Obelix Consulting, LLC | |
| Address: | 806 Jefferson St. | |
| Bastrop, TX 78602 | ||
| Phone: | (512) 431 6069 | |
| Contact Name: | Elisa Maldonado-Holmertz | |
| Contact Email: | elisamh@obelixconsult.com |
Date Prepared:11/28/2022
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Image /page/4/Picture/0 description: The image is a company logo for Lazarus 3D. The logo consists of a stylized square shape on the left, with the words "LAZARUS 3D" in bold, black letters to the right of the square. Below the company name is the phrase "Operate with Confidence" in a smaller, lighter font. The square shape is made up of two curved lines, one in blue and one in orange, that create a three-dimensional effect.
Device Identification
Type of 510(k) Submission: Traditional
Trade Name: Pre-Sure
- Common Name: System, Image Processing, Radiological
- Regulation Description: Medical Image Management and Processing System
Regulation Number: 21 CFR 892.2050
Product Code: LLZ
Class of Device: II
Review Panel: Radiology
Reason for Submission: New device
Prior Related Submissions: K201835
Multiple Devices: None
1. LEGALLY MARKETED PREDICATE DEVICE
The Preoperative Surgical Rehearsal (Pre-Sure) device is claimed to be substantially equivalent to the following legally marketed device:
- . Pre-Sure, Lazarus 3D, Inc. (K201835).
2. DEVICE DESCRIPTION
The Pre-Sure patient modeling system is a method for the creation of patient models. Importantly, and unlike other 3D modeling systems, in the Pre-Sure process the design and production of patient models is performed by Lazarus 3D or its affiliates (with physician input), and not by the End User. The Pre-Sure software process is FDA cleared for the analysis of patient radiological data to create a digital patient design, referred to as a "Digital Twin". Digital Twins can be used by End Users, when viewed in an appropriately cleared viewing program, for a variety of uses including training, education, and surgical planning.
Patient specific Digital Twins may be further used as an input to a 3D printing-based production process performed by Lazarus 3D. This process creates physical patient models,
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Image /page/5/Picture/0 description: The image contains the logo for Lazarus 3D. The logo consists of a stylized square shape with rounded corners, colored in a gradient from blue to orange, placed to the left of the text "LAZARUS 3D" in bold, black letters. Below the company name is the tagline "Operate with Confidence" in a smaller, lighter font.
referred to as Pre-Sure models. Each individual patient's model can be created rapidly from the patient's radiological data. The resulting physical models of patient anatomy are primarily composed of silicone materials that can be sutured, and in some cases can even bleed, and of hard plastic materials that can be sawed, drilled, and can accept screws.
End Users of the Preoperative Surgical Rehearsal (Pre-Sure) device receive digital and/or physical patient anatomical models from Lazarus 3D. Digital models may be viewed by End Users using any program cleared for their intended use. The physical models are intended for adjunctive use along with other diagnostic tools and expert clinical judgment for diagnosis, patient management, and/or treatment selection for genitourinary, cardiovascular, craniofacial, gastrointestinal, neurological, musculoskeletal, respiratory, and pediatric applications.
3. INDICATIONS FOR USE
The Pre-Sure software system is intended for use as a software interface and image segmentation system for the transfer of DICOM imaging information from a medical scanner to an output file. It is also intended as pre-operative software for surgical planning. For this purpose, the output file may be used to produce a physical replica. The physical replica is intended for adjunctive use along with other diagnostic tools and expert clinical judgment for diagnosis, patient management, and/or treatment selection of genitourinary, cardiovascular, neurological, respiratory, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, craniofacial and pediatric applications.
4. SUBSTANTIAL EQUIVALENCE DISCUSSION
Pre-Sure employs identical fundamental technologies as the identified predicate device (which is an earlier version of Pre-Sure technology). These fundamental technologies include:
- Viewing of medical imaging data in the axial, coronal, and sagittal views.
- Ability to process, review and analyze medical imaging data
- •Seamless production of a physical model of the patient's anatomy from the digital design.
- Use of the physical model by the end-user for diagnosis, patient management and/or treatment selection.
- · Opportunity to use the physical model for surgical rehearsals.
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Image /page/6/Picture/0 description: The image contains the logo for Lazarus 3D. The logo consists of a stylized square shape with rounded corners, colored in a gradient from blue to orange. To the right of the square is the text "LAZARUS 3D" in bold, black letters. Below the company name is the tagline "Operate with Confidence".
Two changes are included in the subject device. First, the subject version of Pre-Sure may use both silicone materials and hard plastic materials in models, while plastic materials were not used in predicate models. Second, while the predicate was only cleared for genitourinary applications, the subject device may be used for cardiovascular, neurological, respiratory, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, craniofacial and pediatric applications. Rigorous testing and investigation indicate that the present device has similar performance, intended use, and nearly identical technological characteristics as the predicate device, and raises no new questions regarding its safety or efficacy.
Comparison to Legally Marketed Device:
| Manufacturer | Subject Device | Predicate Device | Significant Differences |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lazarus 3d, Inc. | Lazarus 3d, Inc. | ||
| Trade Name | Pre-Sure | Pre-Sure | None |
| 510(k) Number | - | K201835 | - |
| Product Code | LLZ | LLZ | None |
| Regulation Number | 892.2050 | 892.2050 | None |
| Regulation Name | Medical Image | ||
| Management and | |||
| Processing System | Medical Image Management | ||
| and Processing System | None | ||
| Common Name | System, Image Processing, | ||
| Radiological | System, Image Processing, | ||
| Radiological | None | ||
| Indications for Use | The Pre-Sure software is | ||
| intended for use as a | |||
| software interface and | |||
| image segmentation | |||
| system for the transfer of | |||
| DICOM imaging | |||
| information from a | |||
| medical scanner to an | |||
| output file. It is also | |||
| intended as pre-operative | |||
| software for surgical | |||
| planning. For this purpose, | |||
| the output file may be | |||
| used to produce a physical | |||
| replica. The physical | |||
| replica is intended for | |||
| adjunctive use and other | |||
| diagnostic tools and | |||
| expert clinical judgment | The Pre-Sure software is | ||
| intended for use as a | |||
| software interface and image | |||
| segmentation system for | |||
| transferring DICOM imaging | |||
| information from a medical | |||
| scanner to an output file. It is | |||
| also intended as pre- | |||
| operative software for | |||
| surgical planning. For this | |||
| purpose, the output file may | |||
| be used to produce a | |||
| physical replica. The physical | |||
| replica is intended for | |||
| adjunctive use along with | |||
| other diagnostic tools and | |||
| expert clinical judgment for | |||
| diagnosis, patient | |||
| management and/or | Nearly identical, except the | ||
| subject device is only | |||
| intended for use in | |||
| genitourinary applications, | |||
| while the predicate device is | |||
| intended for use in | |||
| cardiovascular, neurological, | |||
| respiratory, musculoskeletal, | |||
| gastrointestinal, craniofacial | |||
| and pediatric applications. |
Table 12A – Device Comparison Chart: Similarities and Differences
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Image /page/7/Picture/0 description: The image shows a stylized logo with a square shape formed by two curved bands. The left and bottom portions of the band are colored in shades of blue, while the top and right portions transition to shades of orange. The overall design is modern and abstract, suggesting a sense of connection or flow.
Image /page/7/Picture/1 description: This image is a table that describes the material and sterility of different products. The first column describes the use of the product for diagnosis, patient management, and treatment selection of cardiovascular, neurological, respiratory, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, craniofacial, and pediatric applications. The second column describes the use of the product for treatment selection of genitourinary applications. The table also lists the material and sterility of each product.
5. NON-CLINICAL PERFORMANCE DATA
The following performance data were provided in support of the substantial equivalence determination:
Production Process Accuracy Study
The purpose of this accuracy study was to evaluate the accuracy of Pre-Sure patient model production processes. Models of various dimensions were created using Pre-Sure from computer models with dimensions pre-defined in silico. Comparisons were made between the physical models created using Pre-Sure and the in-silico input data, revealing that measurements fell within predefined acceptance criteria.
Digital and Physical Model Accuracy Study
The purpose of this accuracy study was to compare results from the entire Pre-Sure workflow to those of the predicate device. MRI and CT scan input data from actual cases were analyzed using the predicate and subject devices to create 3D computer models and physical models of the patient anatomy. These models were then compared, revealing that measurements fell within predefined acceptance criteria.
Build Envelope Testing - Accuracy Validation
The purpose of this study is to define where on the 3D printer, and in what orientation, models can be produced in sufficient accuracy for the intended use. Models of
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Image /page/8/Picture/0 description: The image is a logo for Lazarus 3D. The logo consists of a square shape with rounded corners that is split into two colors, orange and blue. To the right of the shape is the text "LAZARUS 3D" in a bold, sans-serif font. Below the text is the tagline "Operate with Confidence".
genitourinary conditions were built using 3D prints from different locations the 3D printer build plate, and in different orientations. Results show that sufficient accuracy can be achieved for models to be built in any orientation or position on the 3D printer.
Materials Testing - Accuracy Validation
The purpose of this study is to test the accuracy and bonding of the range of materials included in the build envelope for Pre-Sure physical patient models were produced for genitourinary conditions using combinations of the most difficult to use materials within the Pre-Sure build envelope. Testing shows that all material combinations produce models of sufficient accuracy for the intended use. Additionally, all tested materials bond well with all other tested materials and thus can be used together to form multi-material patient models.
Testing on Especially Challenging Genitourinary Cases
The purpose of this study is to test the accuracy of the subject production process when creating complex models for genitourinary applications. Multiple replicates were produced for several different genitourinary conditions. Designs were selected for difficulty, with highly complex designs being used for testing. The resulting physical models were analyzed using a CT scanner and volumetrically compared against the digital design. Results indicate that the Pre-Sure 3D manufacturing can reproduce complex genitourinary conditions with sufficient accuracy for the intended use.
Testing on Especially Challenging Cardiovascular Cases
The purpose of this study is to test the accuracy of the subject production process when creating complex models for cardiovascular applications. Multiple replicates were produced for several different cardiovascular conditions. Designs were selected for difficulty, with highly complex designs being used for testing. The resulting physical models were analyzed using a CT scanner and volumetrically compared against the digital design. Results indicate that the Pre-Sure 3D manufacturing can reproduce complex cardiovascular conditions with sufficient accuracy for the intended use.
Testing on Especially Challenging Neurological Cases
The purpose of this study is to test the accuracy of the subject production process when creating complex models for neurological applications. Multiple replicates were produced for several different neurological conditions. Designs were selected for difficulty, with highly complex designs being used for testing. The resulting physical models were analyzed using a CT scanner and volumetrically compared against the digital design. Results indicate
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Image /page/9/Picture/0 description: The image is a logo for Lazarus 3D. The logo consists of a square shape with rounded corners that is colored in a gradient of blue and orange. To the right of the square is the text "LAZARUS 3D" in a bold, sans-serif font. Below the company name is the tagline "Operate with Confidence".
that the Pre-Sure 3D manufacturing can reproduce complex neurological conditions with sufficient accuracy for the intended use.
Testing on Especially Challenging Respiratory Cases
The purpose of this study is to test the accuracy of the subject production process when creating complex models for respiratory applications. Multiple replicates were produced for several different respiratory conditions. Designs were selected for difficulty, with highly complex designs being used for testing. The resulting physical models were analyzed using a CT scanner and volumetrically compared against the digital design. Results indicate that the Pre-Sure 3D manufacturing can reproduce complex respiratory conditions with sufficient accuracy for the intended use.
Testing on Especially Challenging Musculoskeletal Cases
The purpose of this study is to test the accuracy of the subject production process when creating complex musculoskeletal models. Multiple replicates of models for several different musculoskeletal conditions that are difficult to produce for a variety of reasons were manufactured. These physical models were analyzed using a CT scanner and volumetrically compared against the digital design. Results indicate that the Pre-Sure 3D manufacturing can reproduce complex musculoskeletal conditions with sufficient accuracy for the intended use.
Testing on Especially Challenging Gastrointestinal Cases
The purpose of this study is to test the accuracy of the subject production process when creating complex gastrointestinal models. Multiple replicates of models for several different gastrointestinal conditions that are difficult to produce for a variety of reasons were manufactured. These physical models were analyzed using a CT scanner and volumetrically compared against the digital design. Results indicate that the Pre-Sure 3D manufacturing can reproduce complex gastrointestinal conditions with sufficient accuracy for the intended use.
Testing on Especially Challenging Craniofacial Cases
The purpose of this study is to test the accuracy of the subject production process when creating complex craniofacial models. Multiple replicates of models for several different craniofacial conditions that are difficult to produce for a variety of reasons were manufactured. These physical models were analyzed using a CT scanner and volumetrically compared against the digital design. Results indicate that the Pre-Sure 3D manufacturing can reproduce complex craniofacial conditions with sufficient accuracy for the intended use.
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Image /page/10/Picture/0 description: The image shows the logo for Lazarus 3D. The logo consists of a square shape with rounded corners that is colored in a gradient from blue to orange. To the right of the shape is the text "LAZARUS 3D" in a bold, sans-serif font. Below the company name is the text "Operate with Confidence".
Testing on Especially Challenging Pediatric Cases
The purpose of this study is to test the accuracy of the subject production process when creating complex pediatric models. Multiple replicates of models for several different pediatric conditions that are difficult to produce for a variety of reasons were manufactured. These physical models were analyzed using a CT scanner and volumetrically compared against the digital design. Results indicate that the Pre-Sure 3D manufacturing can reproduce complex pediatric conditions with sufficient accuracy for the intended use.
Testing on Hard and Soft Pre-Sure Material Bonding
The purpose of this study is to test if the bonding of hard and soft materials used in combination in Pre-Sure models is sufficient for them to maintain their integrity and accuracy during shipping and when used as intended. Many models with worst case designs and materials were subjected to a force in the worst case direction and orientation. Models were then measured to determine if they were damaged as a result of the force applied. Results indicate that the Pre-Sure models containing both hard and soft materials are sufficiently robust to maintain their integrity and accuracy during shipping and when used as intended.
Summary
All performance testing which was conducted as a result of risk analysis and design impact assessments showed conformity to pre-established specifications and acceptance criteria. The acceptance criteria were established in order to demonstrate the device performance and substantial equivalence to the predicate device.
6. STATEMENT OF SUBSTANTIAL EQUIVALENCE
Based on a comparison of the intended use and technological characteristics, the Pre-Sure device is substantially equivalent to the identified predicate device. Minor differences in technological characteristics and scope did not raise new or different questions of safety and effectiveness. Additionally, the validation data supports that the system performs in accordance with its intended use and is substantially equivalent to the predicate device.