(329 days)
Not Found
No
The document describes an "auto-analysis function" and "ECG interpretation software" which provides preliminary interpretations and measurements. While this involves automated analysis, the description does not use terms like AI, ML, or DNN, nor does it describe characteristics typically associated with AI/ML development (like training sets or complex model descriptions beyond basic signal processing and rule-based interpretation). The performance study focuses on comparing the device's interpretation to cardiologist consensus and a predicate device, which is standard for automated ECG analysis systems that predate widespread AI/ML use in this field.
No.
Explanation: The device is an electrocardiograph indicated for ECG acquisition and analysis to assist in diagnosing cardiac abnormalities; it does not provide any form of therapy or treatment.
Yes
The device's "Intended Use / Indications for Use" states that it is intended to "diagnose various cardiac abnormalities including myocardial ischemia/infarction, ventricular hypertrophy, cardiac arrhythmias, and atrioventricular (AV) block." This explicitly indicates a diagnostic purpose.
No
The device description explicitly lists hardware components such as an LCD display, thermal printer, built-in memory, external memory, built-in power supply, built-in battery, and a patient cable. This indicates it is a physical medical device with integrated software, not a software-only device.
Based on the provided information, the Kenz Cardico 1211 is not an In Vitro Diagnostic (IVD) device.
Here's why:
- IVD Definition: In Vitro Diagnostic devices are used to examine specimens (like blood, urine, or tissue) taken from the human body to provide information for diagnosis, monitoring, or screening.
- Kenz Cardico 1211 Function: The Kenz Cardico 1211 acquires and analyzes electrical signals from the body's surface (ECG). It does not analyze biological specimens.
- Intended Use: The intended use clearly states it's for "routine ECG acquisition and ECG signal analysis." This involves measuring and interpreting electrical activity, not analyzing biological samples.
Therefore, the Kenz Cardico 1211 falls under the category of a medical device that performs a physiological measurement, but it is not an IVD.
N/A
Intended Use / Indications for Use
The Kenz Cardico 1211 is indicated for routine ECG acquisition and analysis. It is equipped with an auto-analysis function and is not intended to replace the physician's reading of ECGs. Instead, it is intended to assist physicians and supplement their readings by: providing preliminary interpretations of ECG records which need to be confirmed or edited by the physician, who integrates ECG findings with other relevant clinical data; providing auto-analysed measurements of many ECG parameters, which need to be confirmed by the physician. The device is applicable only to adults (19 years or older age).
Applications: Cardico 1211 is intended to be used as part of health examination of general population, and as part of laboratory tests and clinical examination to diagnose various cardiac abnormalities including myocardial ischemia/ infarction, ventricular hypertrophy, cardiac arrhythmias, and atrioventricular (AV) block.
Locations: Hospitals.
Caution: US Federal law restricts this device to sale by or on the order of a physician.
Product codes
DPS
Device Description
Kenz Cardico 1211 is an electrocardiograph with the following functions and capabilities.
· Simultaneous acquisition of the 12-Lead electrocardiogram (ECG).
· The sampling frequency of P-QRS-T deflections is 1 kHz.
- · The sampling frequency of the pacemaker pulse detection is 10 kHz.
- · 5.7 inch LCD display providing the following information.
- a) ECG waveform
- b) Patient's demographic data
- c) ECG diagnostic interpretation
- d) Summary of Internal Memory data
- · Thermal printer that will print ECG waveforms and analysis reports.
- · Digital filters to minimize AC interference, baseline drift and electromyogram interference.
- · Built-in memory and external memory (Compact Flash card) for 1,000 12-Lead ECG data.
- · As a measure against cybersecurity, in order to secure the integrity of the data in the external memory, only the CF card specially formatted by Suzuken Co., Ltd. can be used with Kenz Cardico 1211.
- · Built-in power supply unit (AC 110-240 V).
- · Built-in battery, after charged for 8 hours, supports one hour operation during emergency.
- · ECG interpretation software providing the following information.
- a) Summary of measured values of ECG waveform in each Lead
- b) Rhythm analysis statements
- c) Morphology analysis statements
- d) Pacemaker pulse detection and Pacemaker rhythm diagnosis
- e) Provide multiple diagnostic outputs for a single ECG, if it contains multiple diagnostic findings
- · Patient cable with D-sub 15 pin connector and 4.0 mm plugs is used for recording 12-Lead resting ECG with the device.
- · ECG electrodes are not provided with the device (Kenz Cardico 1211). Disposable chest/limb electrodes connected to the ECG Adaptor Clips of the plug size 4.0 mm are compatible with the Kenz Cardico 1211.
Mentions image processing
Not Found
Mentions AI, DNN, or ML
Not Found
Input Imaging Modality
Not Found
Anatomical Site
Not Found
Indicated Patient Age Range
The device is applicable only to adults (19 years or older age).
Intended User / Care Setting
Not Found
Description of the training set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
Not Found
Description of the test set, sample size, data source, and annotation protocol
The ECGs from the CSE Database were used to test the statistical hypothesis that Cardico 1211 is non-inferior to Cardico 1201 in the performance of diagnosis for Type A statements. Total agreement of Cardico 1211 with Cardiologist Consensus was greater than that of Cardico 1201, giving rise to an overall sensitivity of 93.1% for Cardico 1211 vs. 76.1% for Cardico 1201. In addition, the Cardico 1211 had a higher sensitivity than did the Cardico 1201 for most individual statement of Type A, B and C, while the specificities of the two devices tended to be similar. The results demonstrate substantial equivalence of the Cardico 1211 to the Cardico 1201 in diagnostic performance.
Summary of Performance Studies (study type, sample size, AUC, MRMC, standalone performance, key results)
Diagnostic performance of Kenz Cardico 1211 (Cardico 1211 hereafter) and its predicate device, Kenz Cardico 1201 (Cardico 1201 hereafter) in ECG interpretation was tested in a total of 2,451 ECGs recorded from 2,451 subjects. Interpretive statements were classified as Type A, B and C according to the Tenth Bethesda Conference Report, 1978 (Att. 18-1).
Statistical analysis was carried out separately in Type A, B and C statements (see a Table below). Reference of truth employed in the performance evaluation was "Cardiologist Consensus" or "Clinical Truth" for the Type A statements, and "Cardiologist Consensus" for all the Type B and Type C statements. Creation of Cardiologist Consensus is described in detail in Att. 18-1.
The ECGs from the CSE Database were used to test the statistical hypothesis that Cardico 1211 is non-inferior to Cardico 1201 in the performance of diagnosis for Type A statements. Total agreement of Cardico 1211 with Cardiologist Consensus was greater than that of Cardico 1201, giving rise to an overall sensitivity of 93.1% for Cardico 1211 vs. 76.1% for Cardico 1201. In addition, the Cardico 1211 had a higher sensitivity than did the Cardico 1201 for most individual statement of Type A, B and C, while the specificities of the two devices tended to be similar. The results demonstrate substantial equivalence of the Cardico 1211 to the Cardico 1201 in diagnostic performance.
Key Metrics (Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV, etc.)
Total agreement of Cardico 1211 with Cardiologist Consensus was greater than that of Cardico 1201, giving rise to an overall sensitivity of 93.1% for Cardico 1211 vs. 76.1% for Cardico 1201. In addition, the Cardico 1211 had a higher sensitivity than did the Cardico 1201 for most individual statement of Type A, B and C, while the specificities of the two devices tended to be similar.
Predicate Device(s)
Reference Device(s)
Not Found
Predetermined Change Control Plan (PCCP) - All Relevant Information
Not Found
§ 870.2340 Electrocardiograph.
(a)
Identification. An electrocardiograph is a device used to process the electrical signal transmitted through two or more electrocardiograph electrodes and to produce a visual display of the electrical signal produced by the heart.(b)
Classification. Class II (performance standards).
0
Image /page/0/Picture/0 description: The image contains two logos. The first logo on the left is the Department of Health & Human Services - USA logo. The second logo on the right is the FDA U.S. Food & Drug Administration logo. The FDA logo has the letters FDA in a blue square, followed by the words "U.S. FOOD & DRUG" on the first line and "ADMINISTRATION" on the second line, both in blue.
June 1, 2018
Suzuken Co., Ltd. % Rhona Shanker President Z&B Enterprises, Inc. 12154 Darnestown Rd. #236 Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878
Re: K172068
Trade/Device Name: Kenz Cardico 1211 Regulation Number: 21 CFR 870.2340 Regulation Name: Electrocardiograph Regulatory Class: Class II Product Code: DPS Dated: May 3, 2018 Received: May 3, 2018
Dear Rhona Shanker:
We have reviewed your Section 510(k) premarket notification of intent to market the device referenced above and have determined the device is substantially equivalent (for the indications for use stated in the enclosure) to legally marketed predicate devices marketed in interstate commerce prior to May 28, 1976, the enactment date of the Medical Device Amendments, or to devices that have been reclassified in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Food. Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Act) that do not require approval of a premarket approval application (PMA). You may, therefore, market the device, subject to the general controls provisions of the Act. The general controls provisions of the Act include requirements for annual registration, listing of devices, good manufacturing practice, labeling, and prohibitions against misbranding and adulteration. Please note: CDRH does not evaluate information related to contract liability warranties. We remind you, however, that device labeling must be truthful and not misleading.
If your device is classified (see above) into either class II (Special Controls) or class III (PMA), it may be subject to additional controls. Existing major regulations affecting your device can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Parts 800 to 898. In addition, FDA may publish further announcements concerning your device in the Federal Register.
Please be advised that FDA's issuance of a substantial equivalence determination does not mean that FDA has made a determination that your device complies with other requirements of the Act or any Federal statutes and regulations administered by other Federal agencies. You must comply with all the Act's requirements, including, but not limited to: registration and listing (21 CFR Part 807); labeling (21 CFR Part 801); medical device reporting of medical device-related adverse events) (21 CFR 803); good manufacturing practice requirements as set forth in the quality systems (QS) regulation (21 CFR Part 820);
1
Page 2 - Rhona Shanker
and if applicable, the electronic product radiation control provisions (Sections 531-542 of the Act); 21 CFR 1000-1050.
Also, please note the regulation entitled, "Misbranding by reference to premarket notification" (21 CFR Part 807.97). For questions regarding the reporting of adverse events under the MDR regulation (21 CFR Part 803), please go to http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/ReportaProblem/default.htm.
For comprehensive regulatory information about medical devices and radiation-emitting products, including information about labeling regulations, please see Device Advice (https://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/DeviceRegulationandGuidance/) and CDRH Learn (http://www.fda.gov/Training/CDRHLearn). Additionally, you may contact the Division of Industry and Consumer Education (DICE) to ask a question about a specific regulatory topic. See the DICE website (http://www.fda.gov/DICE) for more information or contact DICE by email (DICE@fda.hhs.gov) or phone (1-800-638-2041 or 301-796-7100).
Sincerely.
M.A. Hilleman
for Director Division of Cardiovascular Devices Office of Device Evaluation Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Enclosure
2
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration
Indications for Use
510(k) Number (if known) K172068
Device Name Kenz Cardico 1211
Indications for Use (Describe)
The Kenz Cardico 1211 is indicated for routine ECG acquisition and ysis. It is equipped with an auto-analysis function and is not intended to replace the physician's reading of ECGs. Instead, it is intended to assist physicians and supplement their readings by: providing preliminary interpretations of ECG records which need to be confirmed or edited by the physician, who integrates ECG findings with other relevant clinical data; providing auto-analysed measurements of many ECG parameters, which need to be confirmed by the physician. The device is applicable only to adults (19 years or older age).
Applications: Cardico 1211 is intended to be used as part of health examination of general population, and as part of laboratory tests and clinical examination to diagnose various cardiac abnormalities including myocardial ischemia/ infarction, ventricular hypertrophy, cardiac arrhythmias, and atrioventricular (AV) block.
Locations: Hospitals.
Caution: US Federal law restricts this device to sale by or on the order of a physician.
Type of Use (Select one or both, as applicable)
X Prescription Use (Part 21 CFR 801 Subpart D)
| Over-The-Counter Use (21 CFR 801 Subpart C)
PLEASE DO NOT WRITE BELOW THIS LINE - CONTINUE ON A SEPARATE PAGE IF NEEDED.
FOR FDA USE ONLY
Concurrence of Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) (Signature)
3
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4
Section 5. 510(k) Summary
1. Date of Submission
July 1, 2017
2. Submitter
| Name: | Suzuken Co., Ltd. |
|---|---|
| Address: | 8 Higashikataha-machi, |
| Higashi-ku, | |
| Nagoya, Aichi 461-0015, Japan | |
| Contact person: | Eiji Yamaguchi |
| Phone: | +81-52-950-6327 |
| FAX: | +81-52-962-7440 |
| E-mail: | e.yamaguchi@suzuken.co.jp |
3. Application Correspondent
| Name: | Z&B Enterprises, Inc. |
|---|---|
| Address: | 12154 Darnestown Road. #236 |
| Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878 | |
| Contact Person: | Rhona Shanker |
| Phone: | 301-251-9570 |
| E-mail: | rhonashanker07@verizon.net |
4. Device Name
Trade Name: Kenz Cardico 1211 Common Name: Electrocardiograph
5. Device Classification
| Device Classification: | Class II |
|---|---|
| Regulation: | 21 CFR 870.2340 |
| Panel: | Cardiovascular |
| Product Code: | DPS |
5
6. Predicate Device
Trade Name: Kenz Cardico 1201 Manufacturer: Suzuken Co., Ltd 510(k) Number: K870443
7. Device Description
Kenz Cardico 1211 is an electrocardiograph with the following functions and capabilities.
· Simultaneous acquisition of the 12-Lead electrocardiogram (ECG).
· The sampling frequency of P-QRS-T deflections is 1 kHz.
- · The sampling frequency of the pacemaker pulse detection is 10 kHz.
- · 5.7 inch LCD display providing the following information.
- a) ECG waveform
- b) Patient's demographic data
- c) ECG diagnostic interpretation
- d) Summary of Internal Memory data
- · Thermal printer that will print ECG waveforms and analysis reports.
- · Digital filters to minimize AC interference, baseline drift and electromyogram interference.
- · Built-in memory and external memory (Compact Flash card) for 1,000 12-Lead ECG data.
- · As a measure against cybersecurity, in order to secure the integrity of the data in the external memory, only the CF card specially formatted by Suzuken Co., Ltd. can be used with Kenz Cardico 1211.
- · Built-in power supply unit (AC 110-240 V).
- · Built-in battery, after charged for 8 hours, supports one hour operation during emergency.
- · ECG interpretation software providing the following information.
- a) Summary of measured values of ECG waveform in each Lead
- b) Rhythm analysis statements
- c) Morphology analysis statements
- d) Pacemaker pulse detection and Pacemaker rhythm diagnosis
- e) Provide multiple diagnostic outputs for a single ECG, if it contains multiple diagnostic findings
- · Patient cable with D-sub 15 pin connector and 4.0 mm plugs is used for recording 12-Lead resting ECG with the device.
- · ECG electrodes are not provided with the device (Kenz Cardico 1211). Disposable chest/limb electrodes connected to the ECG Adaptor Clips of the plug size 4.0 mm are compatible with the Kenz Cardico 1211.
6
K172068
8. Indications for Use
The Kenz Cardico 1211 is indicated for routine ECG acquisition and ECG signal analysis. It is equipped with an auto-analysis function and is not intended to replace the physician's reading of ECGs. Instead, it is intended to assist physicians and supplement their readings by: providing preliminary interpretations of ECG records which need to be confirmed or edited by the physician, who integrates ECG findings with other relevant clinical data; providing auto-analysed measurements of many ECG parameters, which need to be confirmed by the physician. The device is applicable only to adults (age > 19 years).
- Applications: Cardico 1211 is intended to be used as part of health examination of general population, and as part of laboratory tests and clinical examination to diagnose various cardiac abnormalities including myocardial ischemia/infarction, ventricular hypertrophy, cardiac arrhythmias, and atrioventricular (AV) block.
Locations: Hospitals.
Caution: US Federal law restricts this device to sale by or on the order of a physician.
| | Parameter | Kenz Cardico1211 | Kenz Cardico1201
(K870443) | Remark about Kenz
Cardico 1211
compared to Kenz
Cardico 1201 |
|---|------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| 1 | Indications
for use | The Kenz Cardico 1211 is
indicated for routine ECG
acquisition and ECG signal
analysis. It is equipped with
an auto-analysis function and
is not intended to replace the
physician's reading of ECGs.
Instead, it is intended to
assist physicians and
supplement their readings by:
providing preliminary
interpretations of ECG
records which need to be
confirmed or edited by the
physician, who integrates
ECG findings with other
relevant clinical data;
providing auto-analysed
measurements of many ECG
parameters, which need to be
confirmed by the physician.
The device is applicable only | The Kenz Cardico 1201 is used as
diagnostic aid. However, the
system is not intended to replace
the doctor's expert review.
For routine adult or pediatric ECG
analysis, particularly when a
cardiologist is not immediately
available, and to aid in referring
patients for immediate follow up,
Kenz Cardico 1201 can assist
strongly physician for prompt
diagnosis. Also, Kenz Cardico
1201 can be used for pre-op ECG
interpretations, especially when an
analysis needed quickly. The
system and its thoroughly
evaluated programs help to save
physicians time by providing a
routine ECG report for physician
review, with patient information,
trace measurement and analysis
on the report. The exclusion of the | ECG interpretation of
Kenz Cardico 1211 is
applicable only to
adults. |
9. Summary Table of Comparisons
The table below compares the Kenz Cardico 1211 to its predicate device. Kenz Cardico 1201
7
| 2 | Leads | 12-Lead | 12-Lead | Identical |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 | Frequency | |||
| response | ||||
| bandwidth | 0.05-150 Hz | 0.05-100 Hz | Wider frequency | |
| range | ||||
| 4 | Input | |||
| impedance | Over 10 M ohm | Over 50 M ohm | Improved noise | |
| handling | ||||
| 5 | Input signal | Both analog and digital | ||
| signal | Analog signal | Digital input added. | ||
| 6 | Common | |||
| mode | ||||
| rejection | ||||
| ratio | Over 100 db | Over 90 db | Higher noise | |
| reduction range | ||||
| 7 | Time | |||
| constant | Over 3.2 sec | Over 3.2 sec | Identical | |
| 8 | A/D | |||
| conversion | 13 bit | 12 bit | Higher resolution | |
| 9 | Sampling | |||
| rate | 1,000 samples/sec | 500 samples/sec | Doubled sampling | |
| rate | ||||
| 10 | Pacemaker | |||
| pulse | ||||
| detection | 10,000 samples/sec | None | Pacemaker pulse | |
| detection function is | ||||
| added (Att. 13-2). | ||||
| 11 | Signal | |||
| amplitude | ||||
| resolution | 2.44 µV | 4.88 µV | Higher resolution | |
| 12 | Paper speed | 10, 12.5, 25, 50 mm/sec | 5, 12.5, 25, 50 mm/sec | The paper speed of 5 |
| mm/sec available for | ||||
| Kenz Cardico 1201 is | ||||
| deleted. Instead, the | ||||
| paper speed of 10 | ||||
| mm/sec is added for | ||||
| Kenz Cardico 1211. | ||||
| 13 | Recording | |||
| sensitivity | 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mm/mV | 5, 10, 20 mm/mV | The recording | |
| sensitivity 2.5 | ||||
| mm/mV is added. | ||||
| 14 | Writing system | Thermal head (8 dots/mm) | Thermal head (8 dots/mm) | Identical |
| 15 | Power source | AC 110-240 V | AC 100-110, 220-240 V | Equivalent |
| 16 | Mode of operation | Auto | ||
| Manual | ||||
| Long-time | Automatic | |||
| Manual | ||||
| Long-term | Equivalent | |||
| 17 | Battery operation | Nickel hydride battery, DC 12 V 3,700 mAh | None | The battery-drive mode is added for more versatility. |
| 18 | Internal memory | 1,000 ECG data storage | None | The memory data function is added. |
| 19 | ECG interpretation software | Equipped with software, reflecting the results of many ECG clinical studies published after the development of the ECG interpretation software of Kenz Cardico 1201. | Equipped with ECG interpretation software which was developed and completed by 1987. | Diagnostic performance of Kenz Cardico 1211 is non-inferior to the Kenz Cardico 1201 (Att. 18-1). |
| 20 | Patient cable | Yes | Yes | Both devices require a Patient Cable |
8
The main difference between the two devices is that the subject device (Kenz Cardico 1211) has ECG interpretive software that reflects many ECG clinical studies published after the development of the ECG interpretation software of the Kenz Cardico 1201. However, Kenz Cardico 1211 does not introduce a new scientific technology. Performance testing demonstrates that the automated diagnostic performance of Kenz Cardico 1211 is non-inferior to the predicate device, Kenz Cardico 1201.
10. Summary of Device Testing
10-1. Electrical safety and electromagnetic compatibility
Testing reports on the electrical safety and electromagnetic compatibility of Kenz Cardico 1211 device indicated its full compliance with the following standards.
-
- IEC 60601-1: 2012, Medical electrical equipment Part 1: General requirements for basic safety and essential performance
-
- IEC 60601-1-2: 2007, Medical electrical equipment Part 1-2: General requirements for basic safety and essential performance - Collateral standard: Electromagnetic compatibility -Requirements and tests
-
- IEC 60601-2-25: 2011, Medical electrical equipment Part 2-25: Particular requirements for basic safety and essential performance of electrocardiographs
-
- ANSI/AAMI EC11: 2007, Diagnostic electrocardiograph devices
-
- ANSI/AAMI EC53: 2013, ECG trunk cables and patient lead wires
9
K172068
10-2. Diagnostic performance testing
Diagnostic performance of Kenz Cardico 1211 (Cardico 1211 hereafter) and its predicate device, Kenz Cardico 1201 (Cardico 1201 hereafter) in ECG interpretation was tested in a total of 2,451 ECGs recorded from 2,451 subjects. Interpretive statements were classified as Type A, B and C according to the Tenth Bethesda Conference Report, 1978 (Att. 18-1).
Statistical analysis was carried out separately in Type A, B and C statements (see a Table below). Reference of truth employed in the performance evaluation was "Cardiologist Consensus" or "Clinical Truth" for the Type A statements, and "Cardiologist Consensus" for all the Type B and Type C statements. Creation of Cardiologist Consensus is described in detail in Att. 18-1.
| Statement | Database | Analysis | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Type A | CSE Database | Total Agreement (Non-inferiority test) | |
| Sensitivity/Specificity (95% CI) | Cardiologist Consensus | ||
| Suzuken Database-2 | Sensitivity/Specificity (95% CI) | Cardiologist Consensus | |
| (Acute MI) | Sensitivity/Specificity (95% CI) | Clinical Truth | |
| Type B | CSE Database + | ||
| Suzuken Database-1 | Sensitivity/Specificity (95% CI) | Cardiologist Consensus | |
| Suzuken Database-3 | |||
| (Pacemaker rhythm) | Sensitivity/Specificity (95% CI)* | Cardiologist Consensus | |
| Type C | CSE Database + | ||
| Suzuken Database-1 | Sensitivity/Specificity (95% CI) | Cardiologist Consensus |
CSE: Common Standards for Electrocardiography
*Not applicable to Cardico 1201, which is not equipped with pacemaker pulse detection circuit.
The ECGs from the CSE Database were used to test the statistical hypothesis that Cardico 1211 is non-inferior to Cardico 1201 in the performance of diagnosis for Type A statements. Total agreement of Cardico 1211 with Cardiologist Consensus was greater than that of Cardico 1201, giving rise to an overall sensitivity of 93.1% for Cardico 1211 vs. 76.1% for Cardico 1201. In addition, the Cardico 1211 had a higher sensitivity than did the Cardico 1201 for most individual statement of Type A, B and C, while the specificities of the two devices tended to be similar. The results demonstrate substantial equivalence of the Cardico 1211 to the Cardico 1201 in diagnostic performance.
11. Conclusions
Based on the statistical results derived from the study conducted by Suzuken Co., Ltd. we conclude that the Kenz Cardico 1211 is substantially equivalent to the predicate device, Kenz Cardico 1201.